江西副高边缘雷暴大风雷达拼图回波特征分析

利用MICAPS常规天气图资料、地面自动气象站资料、雷电资料和雷达拼图等资料,采用天气图中分析方法、统计方法、回波图像、回波廓线等分析方法,对2020年7月11日江西副热带高压边缘中尺度雷暴大风回波特征进行分析,结果表明：1）副热带高压控制或边缘上,江西上空100 hPa是东北风,500 hPa是西南风,高空呈现逆时针环流,T-lnP图上层结不稳定,对流有效位能CAPE （Convective Available Potential Energy）面积较大,对产生强对流天气有利;由于上下两层的风向不同,使得雷暴回波系统的移动与回波系统的云砧伸展方向不一致,从而加剧了对流上升运动,使得雷暴回波系统发展、加强、维持。2）回波产生初期是局地对流单体回波,通过不断新生单体和单体合并等方式,形成南北走向的回波短带,这种合并形成的回波短带发展旺盛时,会产生多站雷暴大风天气。3）南北走向的回波短带是产生雷暴大风的主要回波特征,虽然回波强度只有55 dBZ,但移动速度较快（60～70 km/h）,造成地面大风。江西WebGIS雷达拼图上叠加多部雷达风暴跟踪信息STI （Storm Tracking Information）,可以明确风暴的移动方向和移动速度,根据STI密集区判断,增加了STI的可用性。4）“前伸”或“延伸”回波反映了回波系统上方的高空风走向和积雨云的云砧飘离方向。“延伸”回波一定程度上表现出副高边缘雷暴回波系统的强弱程度。为改进副热带高压边缘中尺度雷暴大风的预警预报准确率提供依据。     

基于卷积门控循环单元神经网络的临近预报方法研究

基于天气雷达资料的外推预报是灾害天气0～2h临近预报基础,本文以业务应用为目标,应用广东省2015-2018年11部新一代多普勒雷达反射率拼图资料,研究了基于卷积门控循环单元神经网络ConvGRU的临近预报方法,采用多损失函数加权与分级加权的策略,基于ConvGRU框架建立三层自编码模型(Encoder-Decoder...     

宁夏南部山区两次冰雹过程对比分析

利用"葵花-8"卫星、多普勒雷达、常规气象观测和0.125°×0.125°ERA-Interim再分析资料,对2018年6月宁南山区午后发生的两次冰雹过程进行对比分析,旨在探明山区降雹及大冰雹生成的有利监测指标.结果表明:"西高东低"形势下,高空急流配合中低层切变线和地面中尺度辐合线有利于冰雹天气的发生.当反射率因子≥...     

基于S波段双偏振雷达资料的降水粒子类型识别算法及应用

基于质量控制的S波段双偏振雷达格点化观测数据,利用模糊逻辑算法,结合降雨粒子散射和空间取向等特征建立了降水粒子类型识别算法,用于分析降水过程中降水粒子的空间分布情况及粒子类型的演变过程.该算法可以将降水粒子分为液态、冰态、混合态等不同种类,有助于发现影响降水多寡的云微物理关键结构.首先根据不同降水粒子的雷达回波特性得到...     

基于FPGA的风廓线雷达信号定时器的设计和实现

详细介绍了信号定时器的特点和工作原理,并给出一种基于现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)的风廓线雷达信号定时器的设计方法.该信号定时器在某风廓线雷达中成功应用,且运行可靠,效果良好.     

单点高频地波雷达资料估算潮能耗散的方法（英文）

使用嵊泗站所布设的地波雷达观测获取的径向流数据,以及嵊泗、芦潮港、岱山3个潮汐观测站水位资料,采用两点近似投影方法反演流场全矢量流速,并用T_tide程序计算调和常数,分别计算O1、K1、M2、S2各分潮流速场及迟角场,并计算各点上的潮能通量及潮能耗散,得到嵊泗岛以西杭州湾口区域潮能耗散同地形存在良好对应关系,充分证明了采用地波雷达观测数据进行潮能耗散计算这一方法的可行性,供相关工作者作进一步研究和讨论。     

利用高频雷达海面回波中奇异峰估计浪高的方法

The popular methods to estimate wave height with high-frequency(HF) radar depend on the integration over the second-order spectral region and thus may come under from even not strong external interference. To improve the accuracy and increase the valid detection range of the wave height measurement, particularly by the smallaperture radar, it is turned to singular peaks which often exceed the power of other frequency components. The power of three kinds of singular peaks, i.e., those around ±1,±2~(1/2) and ±1(2~(1/2)) times the Bragg frequency, are retrieved from a one-month-long radar data set collected by an ocean state monitoring and analyzing radar,model S(OSMAR-S), and in situ buoy records are used to make some comparisons. The power response to a wave height is found to be described with a new model quite well, by which obvious improvement on the wave height estimation is achieved. With the buoy measurements as reference, a correlation coefficient is increased to 0.90 and a root mean square error(RMSE) is decreased to 0.35 m at the range of 7.5 km compared with the results by the second-order method. The further analysis of the fitting performance across range suggests that the peak has the best fit and maintains a good performance as far as 40 km. The correlation coefficient is 0.78 and the RMSE is 0.62 m at 40 km. These results show the effectiveness of the new empirical method, which opens a new way for the wave height estimation with the HF radar.     

多方位角图像决策融合的SAR目标识别

提出了一种基于多方位角图像决策融合的合成孔径雷达(SAR)图像目标识别方法。对目标切片图像用二维小波分解和主成分分析提取特征向量,利用支持向量机对特征向量进行分类,用贝叶斯方法对目标多幅不同方位角下图像的分类输出进行决策融合,得到最终类别决策。用MSTAR数据库中3个目标进行识别实验,实验结果表明,对3幅以上不同方位角的图像进行决策融合时,该方法可显著提高目标的正确识别率。该方法是一种有效的SAR图像目标识别方法。     

L波段测风雷达常见故障排除方法简析

L波段测风雷达是集信号跟踪与微波通讯于一体的综合探测系统,目前已成为常规高空探测的主要手段。为了保证雷达系统稳定可靠运行,必须做好其日常维护及维修工作。本文对L波段雷达系统运行中的常见故障进行了分析、判断,并归纳总结了故障排除方法,同时对维修过程中的注意事项作了说明。     

The Canadian Meteor Orbit Radar: system overview and preliminary results

This paper describes the Canadian Meteor Orbit Radar (CMOR) that has been in operation since late 2001. CMOR is a 3 station meteor radar operating at a frequency of 29.85 MHz near Tavistock, Ont. To avoid bias against fragmenting meteoroids that is inherent in the traditional multi-station method of Gill and Davies (Mon. Not. R Astron. Soc. 116 (1955) 105), we use a completely geometrical method similar to that used in the AMOR system (Quart. J. R. Astron. Soc. 35 (1994) 293) based on the interferometric determination of the echo directions and the time delays of echoes from two remote stations to obtain the trajectories and speeds of meteoroids. We describe the hardware and some of the software and present some preliminary results that provide a good indication of present capabilities of the system. Typically, we can measure 1500 individual trajectories, and hence orbits, per day with a mean accuracy of 6° in direction and about 10% in speed. A small subset of these for which it is possible to measure the speeds using Hocking's (Radio. Sci. 35 (2000) 1205) method yield speeds with a precision of about 5%. The purpose of this paper is to show that the radiants and speeds necessary for the computation of orbits are well measured rather than to discuss any orbital surveys.