专科《工程测量专业》毕业生摄影测量动手能力的培养

为适应测绘人才市场对摄影测量数字化测图技术人才的需要,介绍通过专科《工程测量专业》毕业设计,培养摄影测量数字化测图技术人才的做法与取得的成果。     

雷暴低空风切变中大雨对飞行的影响

分析了雷暴低空风切变中大雨滴冲击飞机的机身和机翼而引起的水平和垂直动量损失，估算了大雨累计在机身和机翼上的水膜厚度，并讨论了因遇到大雨雨滴冲撞而粗糙化的机体所产生的阻力。结果表明：雷暴低空风切变中大雨雨滴的冲击作用是明显的，被粗糙化的机体所产生的阻力能显著改变飞行轨迹，并能影响飞行安全；累计在机身和机翼上的水膜厚度造成的飞机质量的增加对飞行的影响可以忽略。     

MZ150型锚杆钻机的工业性试验

ＭＺ－１５０型锚杆钻机是针对我国锚杆施工市场需求而设计的一种小型全液压钻机。通过长螺旋钻进,冲击挤密钻进及风动冲击回转钻进３种钻进工艺方法的工业性试验证明,其各项技术参数达到了设计要求,完全适合于我国锚固工程施工要求。     

对线路选线航空摄影航线设计几个问题的探讨

从线路选线航空摄影航线设计入手,就如何确定平均高度平面(基准面)的高度h<,基>,如何保证单条航线的旁向覆盖,以避免航摄的绝对漏洞,及如何判断改线后是否需要补摄等问题进行了深入的探讨.     

Evaluation of the effects of the communication cable on the dynamics of an underwater flight vehicle

This paper presents a numerical scheme to evaluate the effects of the communication cable attached to an underwater flight vehicle. Both simulation and model validation results show that the numerical scheme is effective and provides a means for developing a feed-forward controller to compensate for the cable effects when developing an autopilot for the tethered vehicle. Moreover, the numerical scheme can also be applied to predict the effects of the ROVs umbilical during its deployment.     

Multiple-Point Simulations Constrained by Continuous Auxiliary Data

An important issue of using the multiple-point (MP) statistical approach for reservoir modeling concerns the integration of auxiliary constraints derived, for instance, from seismic information. There exist two methods in the literature for these non-stationary MP simulations. One is based on an analytical approximation (the “τ-model”) of the conditional probabilities that involve auxiliary data. The degree of approximation with this method depends on the parameter τ, whose inference is difficult in practice. The other method is based on the inference of these conditional probabilities directly from training images. This method classifies the auxiliary data into a few classes. This classification is in general arbitrary and therefore inconvenient in practice, especially in the case of continuous auxiliary constraints. In this paper, we propose an alternative method for performing non-stationary MP simulations. This method accounts for the data support in the modeling procedure and allows, in particular, continuous auxiliary data to be integrated into MP simulations. This method avoids the major limitations of the previous methods, namely the use of an approximate analytical model and the reduction of the auxiliary data into a limited number of classes. This method can be easily implemented in the existing MP simulation codes. Numerical tests show good performance of this method both in reproducing the geometrical features of the training image and in honouring the auxiliary data.     

Fast FILTERSIM Simulation with Score-based Distance

FILTERSIM is a pattern-based multiple-point geostatistical algorithm for modeling both continuous and categorical variables. It first groups all the patterns from a training image into a set of pattern classes using their filter scores. At each simulation location, FILTERSIM identifies the training pattern class closest to the local conditioning data event, then samples a training pattern from that prototype class and pastes it onto the simulation grid. In the original FILTERSIM algorithm, the selection of the closest pattern class is based on the pixel-wise distance between the prototype of each training pattern class and the local conditioning data event. Hence, FILTERSIM is computationally intensive for 3D simulations, especially with a large and pattern-rich training image. In this paper, a novel approach is proposed to accelerate the simulation process by replacing that pixel-wise distance calculation with a filter score comparison, which is the difference between the filter score of local conditioning data event and that of each pattern prototype. This score-based distance calculation significantly reduces the CPU consumption due to the tremendous data dimension reduction. The results show that this new score based-distance calculation can speed up FILTERSIM simulation by a factor up to 10 in 3D applications.     

Exploring marine spatial planning education: Challenges in structuring transdisciplinarity

Marine Spatial Planning (MSP) has experienced vigorous growth on the international scale in recent years, and several practices has emerged from different countries. The demand for specific training in the preparation and implementation of marine planning has therefore already shown itself to be quite relevant on a global scale. Educational initiatives related to MSP have to respond to the increased complexity of MSP, which integrates environmental and economic perspectives on marine resources and maritime sectors, considering governance framework as well as maritime affairs and legislation.This paper aims at addressing the educational and training needs for the development of both academic education and professional training in MSP. Learning skills, contents and methods of an ‘ideal’ MSP course are depicted from widely accepted operative guides on MSP and from the EU Framework Directive on MSP (2014/89/EU). They are considered for the analysis of the current educational offer around MSP, performed in a sample of countries that have already undergone a process of implementation of MSP by Law. As result, beside the great variety of courses, it emerges that MSP education seems to be often regarded from an environmental perspective – in continuity with Integrated Coastal Management education – while planning theory and experiences in MSP are the least represented contents. Results are discussed in relation to three major challenges: i) how educational offer reflects on transdisciplinarity, ii) the role of theory in MSP courses, and iii) the enforceability of Plans as major concern in MSP.     

基于SINS／GPS的无人机组合导航系统建模与仿真

根据无人机的飞行特点以及SINS(捷联惯导)和GPS(全球定位系统)的优缺点,利用轨迹发生器设计无人机的飞行轨迹,建立基于SINS/GPS的无人机组合导航系统,依据卡尔曼滤波的相关原理对系统进行数学建模和计算仿真,验证无人机SINS/GPS组合导航系统的可靠性。     

航空重力梯度测量飞行姿态影响及误差校正

在石油和金属矿勘探中,相对于重力异常数据,航空重力梯度数据含有更多的高频信号成分,能更好的描述小的异常特征。为了得到地下异常体的真实重力梯度数据,需要全张量梯度测量数据中有效地去除飞机自身梯度值的影响。针对这一影响,提出线性的校正方法。考虑飞行姿态的改变引起的空间坐标系的变化,在校正过程中给出旋转矩阵和张量转换矩阵来实现坐标系的统一。通过模型实验分析了自身梯度值随姿态角变化情况,用实际梯度数据计算证明了该方法能够减小几个E的姿态误差,有效提高数据的精度。