浅谈IMU/DGPS技术在1∶10000比例尺地形图测绘中的应用

通过IMU/DGPS技术在实际测绘生产项目中的应用,研究该技术条件下1∶10 000比例尺地形图测绘外业像控布设方案,试验、分析内业空三加密精度,调整像控方案,最终为IMU/DGPS技术在1∶10 000比例尺地形图测绘中的应用提供相关的技术参考。     

Policy incentives for carbon capture and storage technologies in Europe: A qualitative multi-criteria analysis

In this paper, we compare different policy incentives for overcoming investment uncertainties that are typical for low-carbon technologies prior to their commercialisation, some of which may be attributable to market failures. The paper focuses on the particular case of carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies and conducts a qualitative multi-criteria analysis of different public policy support schemes for CCS demonstration to evaluate their suitability. The assessed schemes include mandatory CCS, emission performance standards and several different financial incentives (in addition to the European Union Emission Trading Scheme). Based on the available literature and on experience in the UK and Germany with promotion instruments for low-carbon technologies, the results of our analysis suggest that two alternative schemes, a CCS bonus incentive or a carbon dioxide (CO₂) price guarantee, perform best in comparison with the other assessed instruments. While they reduce the uncertainty of CCS investments in the face of low European Union Allowance prices, they also avoid significant adverse impacts on operational and investment decisions in electricity markets.     

保山市杏花社区白纸房沟探采井储水构造模式

探采井岩性、产状、岩体破碎程度、构造条件、岩溶发育均利于地下水储存和运移,具有较好的承压条件。水井正好穿越岩溶管道,形成了自喷井(水量1 328m3)。解决2万余人的饮水,缓解旱情,取得了显著社会、经济效益。     

The hard choices of sustainability

Sustainable fisheries are the main objective of Norwegian fisheries management. Despite powerful management tools, sustainability in the fisheries sector is not an easy task. There is no formal definition of the concept, and operationalization is vague. In recent years, private actors and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) have increased their impact on defining sustainability in the fisheries, which has reduced the power of the traditional fisheries management to determine its content. The lack of a clear strategy for fisheries management to increase sustainability makes it timely to address three research questions: (i) what is meant by “sustainable fisheries”, (ii) to what extent has the institutionalization of the Norwegian fisheries management channeled the sustainability concept towards specific trajectories, and (iii) what are the options and hard choices available to increase sustainability in the Norwegian fisheries in the future? These questions are investigated in this article.     

THE EFFECT OF LOCATION ON THE ADOPTION OF HAZARD MITIGATION MEASURES

The adoption of hazard mitigation measures by those in vulnerable areas is the result of a complex process involving many variables. This study investigates the potential impact one variable, location, has on adoption. The findings suggest that adoption of measures that require little planning and are highly visible are related to location.     

2013年非开挖行业统计分析

2013年,受世界经济复苏乏力、国内经济下行压力加大等不利因素影响,国内非开挖市场在经历了黄金十年后增速明显回落,市场需求萎缩,行业竞争更为激烈,企业之间的分化也进一步加剧。本文回顾了2013年对我国非开挖行业发展具有较大影响的十大重要事件,详细介绍和分析了中关两国非开挖行业的统计情况。     

浅析油气管道短距离水平定向钻穿越技术的应用

油气管道穿越短距离障碍时,一般穿越技术存在工程投资高、协调难度大、环境破坏严重、施工周期长、施工风险高等问题,因此探索一种技术上可行、经济上合理和方便实施的新的（或改善的）施工方式具有较好的经济和社会效益。短距离水平定向钻穿越是通过改善规范要求的技术参数以及施工措施以达到可实施目的的一种施工方式。改善后的施工方式应用灵活、技术措施安全可行,且能缩短工期、节省工程投资。     

An emission intensity protocol for climate change: an application of FUND

Abstract

An emission intensity protocol to govern long-term international greenhouse gas emission reduction is proposed. The protocol may also be interpreted as a technology protocol. The protocol consists of three parameters: a graduation income, below which countries have no emission reduction obligations; a convergence rate, at which emission intensities should approach that of the most carbon-extensive countries; and an acceleration rate, at which the most carbon-extensive countries should improve their technology over and above the business-asusual scenario. Depending on the parameter values, emission reduction ranges from draconian to almost nil. The graduation income and acceleration rate have the expected effects. The effect of the convergence rate is strongly scenario-dependent; some scenarios, perhaps unrealistically, assume strong technological convergence in the nopolicy case; in other scenarios, adopting ‘best commercial technology in the whole world’ would lead to substantial emission reduction. Not surprisingly, different regions prefer different parameters in the emission intensity protocol. Adopting the opinion of the median voter, atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide in the year 2200 would be reduced from 1650 to 950 ppm. This reduction is relatively robust to changes in crucial model parameters. The costs of complying with the emission intensity protocol can be reduced substantially through international trade in emission permits and, in particular, by banking and borrowing.     

新世纪以来中外儿童贩运研究热点与趋势

以“Web of Science^TM核心合集”和CNKI期刊文献为数据源,运用CiteSpace软件进行文献计量分析,梳理总结了2000年以来国内外儿童贩运的研究热点与趋势。结果发现：1）中外儿童贩运研究的发文量整体呈波动增长态势,美国的发文量位居世界首位,国外研究集中在社会学、心理学、儿科医学、家庭研究与犯罪学等5大领域。国内研究进程相对缓慢,早期研究集中在法学、犯罪学与社会学3大领域,近年来地理学领域快速兴起。2）由于区域环境与国情存在差异,国外儿童贩运包含在人口贩运研究中,更关注以剥削为目的跨国贩运,包括直接剥削与间接剥削2种方式,涉及商业性贩运、童工贩运、人体器官贩运和童婚贩运等多种贩运类型,商业性贩运与性剥削是儿童贩运的主要研究热点;国内拐卖儿童犯罪通常与拐卖妇女合并讨论,聚焦于以收养为目的的省域拐卖,诱骗养子型和家庭操控型是最常见的2种类型,拐卖儿童犯罪的法律政策与社会原因是热点关注话题。3）随着多学科交叉融合的发展,国外儿童贩运的研究主题从贩运类型向儿童被解救后的自杀风险与福祉评估、康复回归与重返社会、儿童保护与贩运防控对策持续拓展;国内拐卖儿童犯罪的研究主题从法律政策与社会原因向时空格局、影响因素、安置回归与社会融入延伸。未来如何将儿童贩运的相关主体（犯罪人、受害人或监护人与其他社会人）与时空环境（社会环境、建成环境及周围人流环境）进行综合贯穿,从犯罪地理学视角探究儿童贩运的地理环境因素与时空活动轨迹的演变,深入解析“时-空-人”三维视角下儿童贩运的发生机制至关重要,以及在实践中如何充分利用现代科技手段追踪和打击儿童贩运,为中外儿童贩运防治与管理贡献力量。     

基于数字地图制图技术的地图色彩语言艺术化方法

艺术性是评价地图质量的重要标准。数字制图技术为提高地图艺术性创造了十分有利的条件,但是如果不能充分合理地利用这种良好的技术条件,仍然不能编制出具有较高艺术性的地图。首先阐述了地图色彩语言艺术化的目标及对技术条件的要求;然后从审美化、形象化、情感化、技巧化四个艺术化的目标论述了利用数字制图技术提高地图色彩语言艺术性的方法。