Self-perceived Roles in Life and Achieving Sustainability on Family Farms in North-eastern Australia

Rural production landscapes in Australia are experiencing a rapid rate of change as a result of, among other factors, climate change, biodiversity loss and changing societal values. Consequently, there is increasing pressure on producers to increase their sustainability. Understanding how producers perceive themselves in the context of this changing landscape is limited but important for the design of policy effective for achieving sustainability. This paper is based on a case study in the north-eastern Australian rangelands that included face-to-face interviews with 28 beef producers and a telephone survey with another 91 producers. The study investigated male and female beef producers' self-perceived roles in life through a lens of different farming discourses and the relationship between these roles and beliefs aligned with sustainability. Results revealed that although producers' self-percieved roles in life were being constructed through a mix of more or less ‘traditional’ discourses, tradition was still a strong influence. Producers who strongly identified with roles linked to ‘less traditional’ discourses were more likely than those who strongly identified with production-orientated roles to agree with beliefs that favoured nature conservation, learning and adapting to change. Increased opportunities for producers to participate in alternative discourses would appear important for fostering a self-identity that is open to learning, difference and change.     

一种基于＂3S＂技术的城镇地籍数据变更模式研究

从城镇地籍数据变更管理的发展趋势和当胁管理工作的需求现状出发,结合“3S”技术的最新发腥,引入基于时空数据模型的空删数据库技术、丽向对象等先进技术,埘城镇地籍数据变更模式进行了研究,提出了基于“3S”集成技术的城镇地籍数据变更新模式,并探讨了在这种变更模式下城镇地籍数据变更工作实施与数据管理的问题。     

MATLAB 平台下基于克立格理论的固体资源储量估算 系统的开发与实践

文章以MATLAB技术为平台,以西藏自治区雄村铜矿床为实例,详细讨论了如何开发以克立格理论为基础的固体资源储量估算系统,其中包括模块:数据预处理、变异函数分析、克立格估值、储量估算、地质可靠度评价等.论文使用该系统对西藏自治区雄村铜矿床进行储量预测,得出结果数据表格;并对原生矿体、次生矿体、氧化矿体、总矿体、矿体的自然形态以及在工业品位规范下的矿体形态进行拟合.通过与专业储量估算软件Minesjght的估算结果对比,证明了本系统的可靠性和实用性.     

城乡结合部土地利用变化的信息提取技术与分析--以无锡市为例

作为两种截然不同的生态系统过渡区,城乡结合部是土地利用/土地覆被变化最激烈地区之一,城乡结合部的土地利用情况日益受到人们重视.本文以无锡市为例,利用3S技术提取城乡结合部的范围和土地利用/土地覆被状况信息,提出了确定无锡市城乡结合部范围边界的半自动提取模型和结合部土地利用类型半自动提取模型,并对无锡市城乡结合部土地利用结构及其变化进行分析,揭示了无锡市城乡结合部土地利用/土地覆被变化特征,据此提出城乡结合部土地合理利用的建议.     

What does Gunshot Detection Technology tell us about gun violence?

PurposeEvaluate the sensitivity of Gunshot Detection Technology (GDT) relative to Calls for Service. Existing crime data sources have biases that do not present a complete picture of gun-related crime. GDT may offer a new metric for firearm crimes. However, few studies have assessed the accuracy of GDT and its relationship to other measures of violence.MethodsGDT and gun crime-related Calls for Service in Washington, DC during 2010 were studied. Using temporal comparisons for month, day of year, weekday, and hour of the day, spatial comparisons on a quarter-mile square grid, and a Poisson-Lognormal-CAR spatial regression model on a combined grid by time period dataset, we examined the sensitivity of GDT activations relative to gunshot-related calls for service.ResultsThe results showed that relative GDT sensitivity changed by time and by space. In particular, the relative sensitivity of GDT was much stronger in the evening and at nighttime than in the daytime. In terms of spatial variation, we found that GDT sensitivity decreased with distance from the nearest zone centroid. In addition, there were two small geographic areas in the study area in which the relative GDT sensitivity was lower than expected.ConclusionsGDT systems identify the frequency and locational accuracy of gunshot incidents, particularly at nighttime. This technology has the potential to improve data collection on gun use and violence and produce more accurate representations if the temporal and distance limitations of the technology are understood. GDT may improve gun detection and, thereby, improve police operations and public support for police.     

信息通讯技术对老年人的社区满意度影响路径——以南京市锁金社区为例

在中国老龄化进程加快以及智慧养老快速发展的背景下,如何运用信息通讯技术(ICT)提高老年人社区生活质量成为地理学与规划学等领域的关注热点。本文选取南京市首个智慧平台落户社区——锁金社区为实证调研对象,通过构建结构方程模型结合问卷调查,探究信息通讯技术对老年人的社区满意度影响路径,其中问卷内容主要包括个人特征属性、个人ICT使用情况、社会支持情况、社区满意度等。结果表明：老年人信息设备的拥有及使用越趋向多元化,其网络活动越频繁;受教育使用水平越高、使用互联网意愿更强烈的老年人其网络活动越频繁;信息通讯技术主要通过社交类网络活动促进老年人的家庭、邻里交往,提高老年人的社会支持,从而提升社区满意度;与社区建成环境相比,社会支持对于老年人的社区满意度影响更大。因此,合理运用信息通讯技术加强老年人与家人、邻里等的联系强度,是提高老年人社区生活质量的一条可行路径。研究结果对于智慧社区、智慧养老建设具有一定的借鉴意义。     

基于遥感技术的开都河下游绿洲区土壤盐渍化动态监测研究

以3期遥感图像为数据源,经图像处理,并结合野外考察,建立解译标志进行遥感解译。结果表明,开都河下游绿洲区的盐渍化土地面积呈先增加后减少趋势,盐渍化程度呈先加重后减轻趋势;盐渍化土壤主要分布在开都河沿岸低洼地和博斯腾湖湖滨地区及其北岸清水沟、曲惠渠、乌什塔拉渠两岸附近;盐渍化的形成与研究区地形地貌、地下水以及干旱的气候条件密切相关,人类农业活动对盐渍化土壤形成具有重要作用。     

高压喷射注浆在非开挖技术中的应用

本文介绍了高压喷射注浆特点,探讨了其在非开挖领域中的应用。     

基于现代信息技术的汉唐时期新疆境内丝绸之路信息发布系统的研究与实现

以西汉、东汉、唐朝三个历史时期为研究时间域,以新疆境内的古丝绸之路为研究空间域;根据搜集的相关历史文献资料并对其进行分析,将得到的西域三十六国域址、人口、军事等信息存入MySQL数据库中;结合地理信息系统（GIS）及遥感（RS）技术,将传统的纸质地图转变成电子地图并发布相应的本地地图服务;最后,利用PHP及Flex网络技术,将前期制作的电子地图发布到Internet上,供公众浏览、查询、学习交流等之用。本研究将传统的考古学与现代信息技术进行结合,实现了两者的完美融合,弥补了传统考古学过于专注学术研究而忽略应用的缺陷,为公众免费提供服务的同时,也为丝绸之路的进一步研究提供参考资料,同时为丝绸之路的申遗工作奠定基础。     

“天地图·广东”数据建设及关键技术研究

"天地图"是"数字中国"的重要组成部分,是国家地理信息公共服务平台的公众版。数据建设是"天地图"建设的重要内容,本文结合广东省"天地图"建设的实际情况,介绍了"天地图广东"的总体架构,重点阐述了"天地图广东"的数据建设及建设时使用的关键技术,为"天地图"省级节点的数据建设提供技术参考。