Paleoseismic events and the 1596 Keicho-Fushimi large earthquake produced by a slip on the Gosukebashi fault at the eastern Rokko Mountains,Japan

Field surveys and trench excavation investigations revealed that there were at least four large seismic events produced by slips on the Gosukebashi fault in the Holocene in the southeastern Rokko Mountains of Japan. The characteristics of deformed topographies and three-dimensionally excavated exposures show that this fault is a right-lateral strike–slip fault having an average slip rate of 1.0 mm/year, with a reverse displacement component. The principle indicators of past faulting events are: (i) termination of secondary faults; (ii) sedimentary deposits related to faulting; and (iii) injection veins of fault gouge related to seismic faulting in the fractured zone. Radiocarbon dates indicate that the events occurred pre-1660 BC , 1660 BC –220 AD , from ～ 30–220 to 600 AD and 15th century AD . The youngest event is probably associated with the large 1596 AD Keicho-Fushimi earthquake which occurred in the area around Kyoto and Kobe Cities. The second younger event is probably correlated with the 416 AD Yamato earthquake, which is the oldest historic earthquake in Japanese historic records. The results of trench surveys show that the horizontal displacement produced by an individual event is ～ 1.5 m, and the recurrence of seismic event intervals is ～ 1200 years in the Gosukebashi fault.     

Well-preserved garnet growth zoning in granulite from the Dabie Mountains, central China

Ultra-high pressure eclogites and granulites both occur in the Dabie Mountains, central China. A garnet porphyroblast from felsic granulite in the Dabie Mountains has been analysed for compositional zoning by electron microprobe. Two segments of the porphyroblast have opposite compositional variations. Segment I (from centre outward 9  mm to analytical point 18) has decreasing X_Sps and increasing X_Pyr, while Segment II (from analytical point 18, 1  mm outward to the rim) has increasing X_Sps and X_Alm and decreasing X_Pyr and X_Grs. The compositional zoning in segment I is considered as growth zoning and that in Segment II as diffusive retrograde zoning. Garnet growth zoning records a P–T  path prior to the peak granulite metamorphism. The minimum P – T  conditions are estimated to be 1.35  GPa and 850  °C for peak metamorphism, based on the highest Mg/(Fe+Mg) composition in the garnet (analytical point 18) and matrix hypersthene, biotite and plagioclase. A symplectitic corona surrounds the porphyroblast and appears to have formed at 0.6  GPa and 700  °C. The well-preserved growth zoning in garnet suggests a short residence time for the granulite at peak metamorphism and thus rapid tectonic uplift history. The P–T  path is consistent with that of ultra-high-pressure eclogite in the area. Tectonic movements during a collisional event could have brought both the granulite and the eclogite to their present positions.     

大兴安岭西坡及邻区银铅锌矿床成矿作用若干问题的讨论

本文概述了大兴安岭西坡及邻区陆相火山岩型银铅锌矿床的基本特征,讨论了该类矿床成矿作用和成矿规律研究中的成矿物质来源、成矿系列和成矿控制因素几个重要问题。认为大兴安岭西坡及俄、蒙邻区的银铅锌矿床,实际上构成了一个与燕山期火山一次火山岩浆活动具有成因联系的银铅锌矿床成矿系列。大兴安岭西坡及邻区燕山中晚期大规模中酸性富碱的火山一次火山岩浆作用是该区这一时期或稍晚银铅锌矿床（可能还包括铜、铝、锡等矿产）集中出现的本质原因和物质基础,它也反映了深部壳慢作用过程中物质分异、聚集和演化的地球化学过程。关键词大…     

桐柏—大别山掀斜隆升对长江中游环境的影响

桐柏－大别山自早更新世晚期以来,不断发生着自北向南的掀斜隆升,从而对长江中游的环境,尤其是水系的演化产生了严重影响。主要表现在：鄂西各东西向河流的阶地高差自北向南逐渐降低;江汉平原水系同步向南发生异常弯曲,长江主河道不断南移,湖相沉积范围也由北向南收缩和迁移;鄂东长江两岸水系和河谷地貌发育不对称,长江主河道紧逼南岸丘陵区。现代地壳形变资料表明：桐柏－大别山的掀升作用仍在继续,由此引起的环境问题还将     

大别高压和超高压榴辉岩中绿辉石的透射电镜研究

近年来有关大别山超高压变质岩的研究取得了重要进展。但对榴辉岩的显微和超微构造的研究仍然不足。榴辉岩主要由石榴石和绿辉石组成,其中石榴石基本上相当于刚性体,除非在很高温条件下石榴石才发生韧性变形［１～４］。因此,笔者对高压和超高压榴辉岩中的绿辉石进行了...     

东昆仑白金沟金矿床石英的成矿作用显示

１地质特征白金沟金矿地处东昆仑的开荒北地区,位于昆南断裂与阿拉克湖—托索湖断裂交汇处,是东昆仑较为典型的石英脉型金矿和找矿前景颇佳的矿种。区内断裂构造发育,并且多期次活动,以致矿区岩石破碎强烈,影响较大的断裂破碎带有三条,以压性为主,产状分别为２１０...     

大别山北麓石炭系杨山组沉积体系及聚煤规律

大别山北麓石炭系杨山组是本区唯一的含煤地层,通过分析杨山组野外剖面及钻孔的沉积特点,详述了该区冲积扇、扇三角洲沉积体系的发育特点及其演化规律;探讨了沼泽发育的有利地区,沼泽的形成与沉积体系演化之间的关系;认为杨山组的可采煤层一般都形成在退积型扇三角洲的平原相。     

天山后碰撞阶段构造演化的新信息——来自阿吾拉勒山中段动力变质岩的证据

中国大山阿吾拉勒成矿带形成于石炭纪—二叠纪裂谷地质背景之上,其中段已发现著名的式可市台富铁矿床以及伴生的一系列铜矿点,成矿围岩为浅变质岩系。笔者根据近年研究,确定该含矿岩系实际是区域性挤压构造形成的动力变质岩带,其中云母片岩的绢云母经~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar定年,获得坪年龄220.6±3.4Ma和等时线年龄220.7±6.6Ma。这一成果揭示天山山脉在后碰撞地壳演化阶段,经历了晚三叠世构造热事件的改造。     

呼图壁至乌苏一带新构造变形特征及油气勘探方向预测

以覆盖北天山山前呼图壁至乌苏一带的四景 L andsat TM卫星遥感图像的地质解译为基础 ,结合野外实地考察所获取的地质资料以及烃源岩的生烃和排烃的盆地模拟分析结果 ,对呼图壁—乌苏地区第二、三排构造带上新世以来的新构造运动变形特征、背斜和断裂构造的形成时代以及油气勘探方向进行分析和预测。该区第二、三排背斜构造的变形非常强烈 ,它们的构造变形始于上新世末期 ,早更新世末期是新构造变形最强烈的时期 ,这些背斜构造带在中更新世早期已基本形成。第二排背斜构造带的构造变形强于第三排构造带。有利烃源岩安集海河组的排烃高峰期在距今 0 .3Ma左右 ,晚于背斜构造的形成时期 ,其生成和排出的油气很有可能聚集于这些背斜构造中。发育于背斜构造核部或北翼一侧的逆冲断裂构造为油气的垂向运移提供了良好通道 ,但也可能导致油气的逸散和破坏。综合分析表明第三排背斜构造带中的西湖背斜、独南背斜、安集海背斜和呼图壁背斜具有良好的油气勘探前景     

Age and Tectonic Significance of the Mafic Dyke Swarm in the Kuruktag Region, Xinjiang

The mafic dykes are composed of a series of northwest-trending diabase in Kuokesu of the Kuruktag region, Xinjiang. Four whole-rock samples of the mafic dykes in the region give an 40Ar / 36Ar-40K/ 36Ar isochron age of 282 Ma with the initial 40Ar/ 36Ar = 507. The characteristics of the major, trace and rare earth elements of the dyke rocks indicate that they belong to the calc-alkaline series and were emplaced in extensional structures at an intermediate depth of the crust. This shows that there was a large-scale extension in the Permian Period, which might be associated with the post-collisional extension of the ancient Tianshan Mountains.