基于虚拟现实技术的3维数字社区建设

数字社区是虚拟现实技术与地理信息技术相结合的具体应用。文章结合3维数字社区建设的实例,探讨了基于虚拟实现技术的3维数字社区建设的具体方法和关键技术。     

SPOT5影像数据不同融合方法的比较与评价

采用小波IHS变换、小波PCA变换、EHLERS变换等五种不同融合技术对SPOT5的多光谱影像和全色影像进行融合,并从均值、标准差等方面对融合结果进行了评价。研究表明：EHLERS融合后影像有很好的整体视觉效果,但在细节表达方面有所缺陷;改进后的IHS融合后影像清晰度较低;PCA变换融合容易导致影像失真;而小波IHS和小波PCA融合技术以数据保留量大、失真程度小、视觉效果好、影像层次分明等特点证明了小波分解技术的优势。     

测量技术在CRTSⅡ无砟轨道板静态调整中的应用

为了适应高速铁路行车的平顺性和舒适性的要求,高速铁路轨道必须具有较高的铺设精度,甚至精度要保持到毫米级范围内,测量技术就显得尤为重要。无砟轨道板静态调整是控制客运专线高平顺性和高精度的最后一个工序,也是整个测量过程的重中之重,本文以石武客运专线SWZQ-7标段漯-驻特大桥为例,通过对CPⅢ测量、全站仪设站、外业数据采集及模拟调整等测量技术进行分析和研究,说明测量技术在CRTSⅡ无砟轨道板长钢轨静态调整中的重要性。     

T-TREC方法反演登陆中国台风风场结构

在传统的基于天气雷达反射率因子的相关方法跟踪回波运动(TREC)技术的基础上,本研究发展出适用于台风环流反演的T-TREC方法.同传统的TREC技术相比,T-TREC根据台风环流呈逆时针方向旋转的特征,利用雷达观测资料客观选取台风中心,选取扇形网格单元,在以台风中心为原点的极坐标系下进行逆时针方向同波追踪.同时,该方法也利用雷达径向风资料客观选取切向的搜索范围并建立风场相关矩阵,以减少主观设定搜索区域造成的误差.通过利用中国新一代天气雷达网(CINRAD WSR-98D)观测的登陆台风桑美(0608)资料对方法进行验证,结果表明T-TREC方法可以更加准确估计强台风环流,反演的径向风平均误差小于4 m/s.其中径向风信息的引入明显提高了反演风场精度,特别是改善了在眼墙区因回波结构较均匀造成的风场低估.当台风靠近陆地时,因地物回波以及台风环流与地形相瓦作用激发对流的影响,使得低层风场反演误差增加.文中也探讨了台风中心、搜索网格单元大小等因子对反演精度的影响,结果显示,反演结果对于中心定化比较敏感,中心位置偏移4 km将造成反演的径向风平均误差增加约10%.而搜索单元大小对反演结果影响和台风尺度相关,若台风尺度较小,则较小的搜索单元反演效果较好.     

CO2 Flux Estimation by Different Regression Methods from an Alpine Meadow on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

CO2 efflux was estimated using different regression methods in static chamber observation from an alpine meadow on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. The CO2 efflux showed a seasonal pattern, with the maximun flux occurring in the middle of July. The temperature sensitivity of CO2 efflux (Q10> was 3.9, which was at the high end of the range of global values. CO2 emissions calculated by linear and nonlinear regression were significantly different (p<0.05). Compared with the linear regression, CO2 emissions calculated by exponential regression and quadratic regression were 12.7% and 11.2% larger, respectively. However, there were no significant differences in temperature sensitivity values estimated by the three methods. In the entire growing season, the CO2 efflux estimated by linear regression may be underestimated by up to 25% compared to the real CO2 efflux. Consequently, great caution should be taken when using published flux data obtained by linear regression of static chamber observations to estimate the regional CO2 flux in alpine meadows on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.     

Baily’s Beads Atlas in 2005 – 2008 Eclipses

In the annular or total eclipses of 3 October 2005, 29 March 2006, 22 September 2006, and 1 August 2008, observational campaigns were organized to record the phenomenon of Baily’s beads. These campaigns were internationally coordinated through the International Occultation Timing Association (IOTA) at both its American and European sections. From the stations in the northern and southern zones of grazing eclipse, the eclipses have been recorded on video. Afterward, as many beads as possible have been identified by analyzing the video data of each observing station. The atlas presented in this paper includes 598 data points, obtained by 23 observers operating at 28 different observing stations. The atlas lists the geographic positions of the observing stations and the observed time instants of disappearance or reappearance of beads, identified by an angle measured relative to the Moon’s axis of rotation. The atlas will serve as a basis for determining the solar diameter. Electronic Supplementary Material  The online version of this article () contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

The sensitivity of the next generation of lunar Cherenkov observations to UHE neutrinos and cosmic rays

We present simulation results for the detection of ultra-high energy (UHE) cosmic ray (CR) and neutrino interactions in the Moon by radio-telescopes. We simulate the expected radio signal at Earth from such interactions, expanding on previous work to include interactions in the sub-regolith layer for single dish and multiple telescope systems. For previous experiments at Parkes, Goldstone (GLUE), and Kalyazin we recalculate the sensitivity to an isotropic flux of UHE neutrinos. We find the published sensitivity for the GLUE experiment to be too high (too optimistic) by an order of magnitude, and consequently the GLUE limit to be too low by an order of magnitude. Our predicted sensitivity for future experiments using the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) and the Australian SKA Pathfinder (ASKAP) indicate these instruments will be able to detect the more optimistic UHE neutrino flux predictions, while the square kilometre array (SKA) will also be sensitive to all bar one prediction of a diffuse ‘cosmogenic’, or ‘GZK’, neutrino flux.Outstanding theoretical uncertainties at both high-frequency and low-frequency limits currently prevent a reliable estimate of the sensitivity of the lunar Cherenkov technique for UHE cosmic ray (CR) astronomy. Here, we place limits on the effects of large-scale surface roughness on UHE CR detection, and find that when near-surface ‘formation-zone’ effects are ignored, the proposed SKA low-frequency aperture array could detect CR events above 56 EeV at a rate between 15 and 40 times that of the current Pierre Auger Observatory. Should further work indicate that formation-zone effects have little impact on UHE CR sensitivity, observations of the Moon with the SKA would allow directional analysis of UHE cosmic rays, and investigation of correlations with putative cosmic ray source populations, to be conducted with very high statistics.     

新疆富蕴可可托海—二台断裂带中假玄武玻璃及其围岩的年代学研究

发育在新疆富蕴可可托海—二台断裂带中的假玄武玻璃是古地震断裂快速滑移形成的构造岩。地质产状、显微构造研究表明,这些假玄武玻璃主要由发生重结晶的玻璃质熔融体形成。假玄武玻璃基质的全岩40Ar/39Ar阶段升温方法主阶段和KAr年龄分别为282.8±3.8 Ma和276.4±7.4 Ma。假玄武玻璃所在母岩（黑云母花岗岩和钾长花岗岩）的锆石U-Pb年龄分别为390.4±1.0 Ma和396.3±0.1 Ma,表明二台断裂带中的假玄武玻璃是在二叠世早期形成的,也说明二台断裂带古地震活动至少可以追溯到晚古生代（早二叠世早期）。尽管二台断裂带是现今仍然活动的地震构造带,但目前所见到的假玄武玻璃是早二叠世时期古地震活动的产物。1931年的富蕴80级地震仅仅是沿着二台断裂带发生的多次构造活动的一次活动,与假玄武玻璃之间没有成因上的联系。     

六盘水岩溶地区钢绳冲孔灌注桩施工技术

介绍在六盘水岩溶地区,钢绳冲孔灌注桩施工一般技术,重点介绍岩溶地层常发生泥浆漏失、塌孔、卡钻、埋钻、偏孔现象的预防和处理方法。     

福州市区地热井施工提高钻井速度的途径与方法

通过多年来在福州市区施工地热井的实际经验,阐述了在各种复杂的地层钻进工艺技术,以及在地热井施工过程中的护壁、清渣、防斜孔等问题作分析,提出了提高钻井速度的有效途径和方法。