长江河口悬浮颗粒物研究

１９９４年１１月、１９９６年９月和１９９７年１月使用ＦＡＣＳｃａｎ流式细胞仪技术等分析观测手段对长江河口悬浮体进行了研究。结果表明,长江河口悬浮体中,具有有机性的颗粒数占总颗粒数的６０％￣７０％;在颗粒粒径分布上,粗颗粒物质（〉８μｍ）主要为有机物质（生物残体、小型藻类、矿物－有机物集合体）,细颗粒物质（〈８μｍ）主要为粘土矿物、有有机物附着和具有有机裹层的粘呈集合体;有机性颗粒物质含量随盐度变化     

黄河口磷酸盐缓冲机制的探讨Ⅲ.磷酸盐交叉缓冲图及"稳定pH范围"

于 1 994年 5月— 1 995年 6月在实验室进行了不同磷酸盐浓度、pH条件下的悬浮物吸附解吸模拟实验 ,对黄河口磷酸盐的缓冲机制进行了探讨。黄河口悬浮物对磷酸盐的吸附量 (解吸量 )随磷酸盐浓度的增大而增大 (减小 ) ,零平衡时磷酸盐浓度 (EPC0 )值在 0 .4— 1 .3μmol/dm3之间 ,且随温度的升高和悬浮物粒度的增大而略有减小。黄河口悬浮物的线性吸附系数 (K)在 0 .0 3— 0 .40dm3/g之间 ,且随温度的升高呈线性关系增加 ,随悬浮物粒度的减小呈指数形式增加。盐度对EPC0 和K基本没有影响。在pH对黄河口悬浮物吸附和解吸磷酸盐的影响实验中 ,首次发现在pH约为 7.7— 9.3范围内存在“稳定pH范围” ,在此范围内悬浮物对磷酸盐的吸附量和解吸量不随水体pH值发生变化。此范围的大小和位置随实验条件不同而略有变化 ,稳定pH范围随温度的上升有所减小且左移 (pH减小方向 ) ,随着悬浮物粒度的增大稳定pH范围有所增大且右移。     

黄河三角洲埕岛近岸海域悬浮泥沙运动

根据1998年9月8日和1999年3月19日两次对埕北海域进行的10个站位的同步海流、悬浮泥沙观测资料，进行该海区的悬浮泥沙输运趋势分析，发现该海区含沙量较大。从整个海区来看，底层含沙量大于表层含沙量，该海区泥沙含量普遍表现为东南部的泥沙含量高于西北部的泥沙含量；由单宽输沙量的计算及有关资料分析可以得出，秋季泥沙运移趋势是由东南向到西北向，而春季泥沙的运移趋势是由东北向到西南向；含沙量是随流速的加大而增加，含沙量的峰值稍滞后于流速的峰值；该海区为冲蚀海区，悬浮泥沙产生的平均年7中刷量为2cm／a，在本海区的地形塑造中占次要地位。     

用ADCP进行走航式悬沙浓度测量的初步研究

用ＤＲ３００型宽幅ＡＤＣＰ在胶洲湾口站进行了走航工断面观测。观测期间悬沙浓度小于４０ｍｇ／Ｌ,悬沙粒度分布曲线具有双峰特征,调查船航速为２￣３ｍ／ｓ。用水样过滤法率定相应的ＡＤＣＰ声学信号,获得池计算悬沙浓度的半经验公式及悬沙浓度剖面分布数据,分析结果即使在悬沙浓度较低,悬沙分选性较差,船速较高等不利于ＡＤＣＰ观测的现场条件下,测量误差与光透式浊度计的误差相当。因此,在走航状态和低悬沙浓度条件下     

振动沉管灌注桩施工及事故处理

简要介绍振动沉管灌注桩施工方法,以及质量事故控制和处理措施。     

Analysis of karst hydrodynamics through comparison of dissolved and suspended solids' transport

In karst systems, rain events often result in a decrease of the conductivity (a tracer of dissolved phase transport) and an increase in turbidity (a tracer of suspended solids transport) at wells and springs. This study shows that the comparison of suspended solids and solute transport by the coupled approach of $T\text{–}C$ curves (Turbidity–Conductivity) and autocorrelations gives evidence of the transport processes in the karst network and allows understanding the karst hydrodynamics. To cite this article: D. Valdes et al., C. R. Geoscience 337 (2005).     

The effect of the new Massachusetts Bay sewage outfall on the concentrations of metals and bacterial spores in nearby bottom and suspended sediments

Since the new outfall for Boston's treated sewage effluent began operation on September 6, 2000, no change has been observed in concentrations of silver or Clostridium perfringens spores (an ecologically benign tracer of sewage), in bottom sediments at a site 2.5 km west of the outfall. In suspended sediment samples collected with a time-series sediment trap located 1.3 km south of the outfall, silver and C. perfringens spores increased by 38% and 103%, respectively, in post-outfall samples while chromium, copper, and zinc showed no change. All metal concentrations in sediments are <50% of warning levels established by the Massachusetts Water Resources Authority. An 11-year data set of bottom sediment characteristics collected three times per year prior to outfall startup provides perspective for the interpretation of post-outfall data. A greater than twofold increase in concentrations of sewage tracers (silver and C. perfringens) was observed in muddy sediments following the exceptional storm of December 11-16, 1992 that presumably moved contaminated inshore sediment offshore.     

SEDIMENT DAMAGES AND RECENT TRENDS IN THE UNITED STATES

lINTRODUCTIONWeoftenhavethepercepti0nthatsedimentisthebr0wnishoryell0wishcoloringinrunoffwater,thatlooksunpleasant,buteventually"g0esaway,"downstream,unseen.Butsedimentisn0tonlyaestheticallyunpleasant,itisalsoacarrierofpotentialchemicalc0ntaminants,fillsupwaterb0dies,andcausesphysicaldamaget0farmland,wildlife,andwatertreatmentsystemsandpowergenefat0rs.ThepurposeofthispaPeristoprovidean0verallperspectiveonthemagnitudeandtrendsofsedimelltasap0llutritintheUnitedStates.2CURRENTKNOWLEDG…     

Relationship between bed shear stress and suspended sediment concentration:annular flume experiments

In this study,annular flume experiments were carried out,using the sediment samples collected from the lower part of the inter-tidal zone at Xiaoyangkou,Jiangsu coast,China.The Ariathurai-Partheniades equation was used to determine the bed shear stress,by evaluating variations in the suspended sediment concentration within the water column.The derived relation between the bed shear stress and suspended sediment concentration shows that,at various stages of seabed erosion, suspended sediment concentration increases rapidly when the flow velocity is increased,but the pattern of change in the bed shear stress does not follow suit.At low concentrations,bed shear stress initially increases markedly with increasing flow velocity.However,when the concentration reaches an apparently critical level around 0.55 kg m"3,the rate of change in the bed shear stress abruptly slows down,or becomes almost constant,in response to further increases in the flow velocity.Results of experiments indicate that,from a critical level onward,suspended sediment concentration has a strong influence on the bed shear stress.     

东海混浊海域悬沙浓度的三维数值模拟及与观测的比较

借助ECOMSED模式进行了东海混浊水海域三维悬浮泥沙输运的数值模拟,其中水动力模拟中考虑了潮汐,海流（包括黑潮,长江径流等）及风场的作用,输运模型中考虑了粘性泥沙的絮凝、粘性和非粘性泥沙的再悬浮等过程。另外,在沉积输运模式中,增加了波浪的作用,使沉积输运模拟更完善,并与2006年8月份在长江口外海域获得的走航断面及定...