Evolution of sedimentary environments of the middle Jiangsu coast, South Yellow Sea since late MIS 3

An evolutionary model of sedimentary environments since late Marine Isotope Stage 3 （late MIS 3, i.e., ca. 39 cal ka BP） along the middle Jiangsu coast is presented based upon a reinterpretation of core 07SR01, new correlations between adjacent published cores, and shallow seismic profiles recovered in the Xiyang tidal channel and adjacent northern sea areas. Geomorphology, sedimentology, radiocarbon dating and seismic and sequence stratigraphy are combined to confirm that environmental changes since late MIS 3 in the study area were controlled primarily by sea-level fluctuations, sediment discharge of paleo-rivers into the South Yellow Sea （SYS）, and minor tectonic subsidence, all of which impacted the progression of regional geomorphic and sedimentary environments （Le., coastal barrier island freshwater lacustrine swamp, river floodplain, coastal marsh, tidal sand ridge, and tidal channel）. This resulted in the formation of a fifth-order sequence stratigraphy, comprised of the parasequence of the late stage of the last interstadial （Para-Sq2）, including the highstand and forced regressive wedge system tracts （HST and FRWST）, and the parasequence of the postglacial period （Para-Sql）, including the transgressive and highstand system tracts （TST and HST）. The tidal sand ridges likely began to develop during the postglacial transgression as sea-level rise covered the middle Jiangsu coast at ca. 9.0 cal ka BP. These initially submerged tidal sand ridges were constantly migrating until the southward migration of the Yellow River mouth to the northern Jiangsu coast during AD 1128 to 1855. The paleo-Xiyang tidal channel that was determined by the paleo-tidal current field and significantly different from the modern one, was in existence during the Holocene transgressive maxima and lasted until AD 1128. Following the capture of the Huaihe River in AD 1128 by the Yellow River, the paleo-Xiyang tidal channel was infilled with a large amount of river-derived sediments from AD 1128 to 1855, causing the emergence of some of the previously submerged tidal sand ridges. From AD 1855 to the present, the infilled paleo-Xiyang tidal channel has undergone scouring, resulting in its modern form. The modern Xiyang tidal channel continues to widen and deepen, due both to strong tidal current scouring and anthropogenic activities.     

基于生态足迹模型的福建省生态安全分析与预测

生态足迹是目前较通用的衡量区域可持续发展的指标,利用生态足迹模型与其他指标结合,可以测算生态赤字（盈余）、生态足迹压力指数、万元GDP足迹等反映区域生态安全状态的定量指标．本研究计算了2002-2008年福建省人均生态赤字及生态足迹压力指数,得到全省生态压力的变化趋势．利用GM（1,1）灰色预测模型预测2009--2014年福建省人均耕地生态足迹与承载力、人均建筑用地生态足迹与承载力、人均生态赤字及生态足迹压力指数,结果表明,若继续沿着2002--2008年的发展模式,福建省在未来几年内生态安全将面临极大威胁,全省经济发展模式转型刻不容缓．     

中国科技资源配置效率测度及其时空格局演变特征(英文)

According to the connotation and structure of science and technology resources and some relevant data of more than 286 cities at prefecture level and above during 2001–2010, using modified method—Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA), science and technology(ST) resource allocation efficiency of different cities in different periods has been figured out, which, uncovers the distributional difference and change law of ST resource allocation efficiency from the time-space dimension. Based on that, this paper has analyzed and discussed the spatial distribution pattern and evolution trend of ST resource allocation efficiency in different cities by virtue of the Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis(ESDA). It turned out that:(1) the average of ST resource allocation efficiency in cities at prefecture level and above has always stayed at low levels, moreover, with repeated fluctuations between high and low, which shows a decreasing trend year by year. Besides, the gap between the East and the West is widening.(2) The asymmetrical distribution of ST resource allocation efficiency presents a spatial pattern of successively decreasing from Eastern China, Central China to Western China. The cities whose ST resource allocation efficiency are at higher level and high level take on a cluster distribution, which fits well with the 23 forming urban agglomerations in China.(3) The coupling degree between ST resource allocation efficiency and economic environment assumes a certain positive correlation, but not completely the same. The differentiation of ST resource allocation efficiency is common in regional development, whose existence and evolution are directly or indirectly influenced by and regarded as the reflection of many elements, such as geographical location, the natural endowment and environment of ST resources and so on.(4) In the perspective of the evolution of spatial structure, ST resource allocation efficiency of the cities at prefecture level and above shows a notable spatial autocorrelation, which in every period presents a positive correlation. The spatial distribution of ST resource allocation efficiency in neighboring cities seems to be similar in group, which tends to escalate stepwise. Meanwhile, the whole differentiation of geographical space has a diminishing tendency.(5) Viewed from LISA agglomeration map ofST resource allocation efficiency in different periods, four agglomeration types have changed differently in spatial location and the range of spatial agglomeration. And the continuity of ST resource allocation efficiency in geographical space is gradually increasing.     

基于偏振雷达的积层混合云降水增雨潜力识别方法研究

强对流系统诱发的局地暴雨往往造成城市内涝, 带来严重的经济损失,危害人民生命、财产安全。为加强城市内涝预警能力、提高内涝预报精度、改善风险空间描述,急需研发高精度、高时空分辨率的城市降水监测产品。本研究基于深圳市1部S波段双偏振雷达和2部X波段双偏振相控阵雷达观测资料,研发了深圳市S波段双偏振雷达和X波段双偏振相控阵雷达定量降水估测（QPE）组网拼图系统。该系统主要包含以下4个模块：（1）雷达非气象回波的识别与去除;（2）复合平面扫描仰角信息计算;（3）S波段和X波段雷达单站降水率计算;（4）S波段和X波段雷达QPE拼图。基于新研发的S波段和X波段雷达定量降水估测拼图系统,产生时间分辨率1 min、空间分辨率30 m的QPE产品,并以自动气象站观测降水为标准,与深圳市目前天气预报业务QPE产品进行对比分析。结果表明,使用新研发的降水拼图系统产生的QPE产品,在精度和稳定性上优于业务产品。     

华北一次强对流暴雨的湿位涡诊断分析

应用常规地面观测资料、区域加密站降水资料、NCEP再分析资料（水平分辨率为1°×1°,时间间隔为6 h）,对2009年6月8日发生在华北的一次强对流暴雨过程的湿位涡场进行了诊断分析。结果表明：湿位涡的分布对强对流暴雨的发生、落区有较强的指示性作用,MPV1＂正负值区垂直叠加＂的配置是强对流暴雨发生、发展的有利形势。暴雨出现在850 hPa上MPV、MPV1、MPV2正负值过渡带附近,是对流不稳定与斜压不稳定相结合的地区。θse等值线接近垂直的地区有利于垂直涡度的增长,亦有利于强降水发生。     

基于地基GPS遥感的大连地区大气水汽总量变化特征

基于大连地区地基GPS综合观测网遥感反演了大气水汽总量（PWV）,分析了大连地区PWV空间变化、逐月变化和日变化特征以及PWV变化与降水的关系,并利用大连本站2005-2011年的探空资料拟合了大连地区地面温度和大气加权平均温度的关系。结果表明：大连本站的PWV与探空积分的水汽含量相关系数达到0.988,均方根误差为2.5 mm。大连地区PWV南北分布比较均匀;PWV最大的月份为7-8月,最大月平均值约40 mm,PWV最小的月份为1月,最小月平均值小于4 mm;大连地区PWV春季和冬季日变化幅度约0.5 mm,夏季和秋季日变化幅度约1.3 mm。夏季和秋季的PWV日变化呈单峰型,春季和冬季的PWV日变化呈多峰型; 在降水发生前8 h 大气水汽总量有明显增加过程,对降水的发生有指示作用。     

基于剖面三维地质建模方法及在本溪地区应用

针对成矿带三维地质建模面临的实际问题,以GOCAD软件作为三维建模工具,阐述了基于剖面的三维地质建模流程与方法.为了充分揭示本溪地区深部地质情况及隐伏铁矿的发育情况,采用基于剖面的三维地质建模方法构建了本溪地区907km2的三维地质模型,获取了本溪地区地下三维地质结构,显示出该地区盖层发育宽缓褶皱,断裂切割作用强烈,基底最大埋深可达4200 m,在变质基底埋深较浅的地区,具有很大的铁矿资源勘探潜力.实际应用情况表明,基于剖面的三维地质建模方法符合地质研究从二维到三维的工作流程和思维习惯,是一种有效的成矿带三维建模方法.     

西藏地表温度时空演变特征及影响因子

地表温度（land surface temperature,LST）是反映生态环境状况的重要指标。西藏作为气候变化的敏感地区,掌握其LST的时空变化有利于深入了解西藏热环境演化过程,为长期监测高原基础生态变化提供帮助。研究基于谷歌地球引擎获取西藏2000—2020年的MODIS LST数据,采用归一化分级方法对LST进行5个等级的划分,利用趋势分析、热力空间分析以及重心迁移等方法分析了研究区近20年来的LST时空演变特征。同时,选取归一化植被指数（normalized difference vegetation index,NDVI）、裸土指数（bare soil index,BI）、垂直不透水面指数（perpendicular impervious surface index,PISI）、湿度（WET）以及高程（digital elevation model,DEM）等5个影响LST的地表参数,结合多尺度地理加权回归,探讨了LST影响因子的作用尺度与作用效力。结果表明：2000—2020年,西藏LST均值由18.72℃上升至20.28℃,年均增长0.09℃,LST呈现微弱上升态势。2...     

中国单一银(-金)矿主要类型及其地质特征

对我国单一银（-金）矿床地质特征、成因类型和空间分布特点进行了总结.以成矿作用和成矿地质条件为基础,矿床成因为依据,我国单一银（-金）矿床可分为：（1）变质（混合岩化）热液型矿床;（2）火山（含次火山）热液型银（-金）矿床;（3）岩浆-热液型银（-金）矿床;（4）地热水溶滤型银（-金）矿床.     

中国地区地磁异常静日（AQD）的初步分析

本文将G.M.Brown等人对离Sq电流体系焦点较远处台站的异常静日（AQD）的H分量分析,发展为对包括Sq电流体系焦点附近台站和Z、D分量在内的AQD分析。主要分析了中国五个地磁台D、H、Z三要素静日最大值和最小值出现时间的分布,及其季节变化和逐年变化规律。结果表明,D、Z也有和H类似的AQD现象,其出现的年频度,也有与太阳黑子数反相变化的趋势。在有三个多太阳周资料的佘山台,太阳极小年AQD(Zmax)出现的频度,和随后的太阳极大年的黑子数R呈近似线性的关系。最后,本文对今后我国开展变化磁场的分析研究提出了建议。