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91.
Parallel back-building convective lines are often observed extending to the southwest of some mesoscale convective systems(MCSs)embedded in the mei-yu front in China.The convective lines with echo training behavior can quickly develop into a stronger convective group of echoes,resulting in locally heavy rainfall within the mei-yu front rainband.The initiation mechanism of the back-building convective lines is still unclear and is studied based on high-resolution numerical simulation of a case that occurred during 27?28 June 2013.In the present case,the new convection along the convective lines was found to be forced by nonuniform interaction between the cold outflow associated with the mei-yu front MCSs and the warm southerly airflow on the south side of the mei-yu front,which both are modified by local terrain.The mei-yu front MCSs evolved from the western to the eastern side of a basin surrounded by several mesoscale mountains and induced cold outflow centered over the eastern part of the basin.The strong southwest airflow ahead of the mei-yu front passed the Nanling Mountains and impacted the cold outflow within the basin.The nonuniform interaction led to the first stage of parallel convective line formation,in which the low mountains along the boundary of the two airflows enhanced the heterogeneity of their interaction.Subsequently,the convective group quickly developed from the first stage convective lines resulted in apparent precipitation cooling that enhanced the cold outflow and made the cold outflow a sharp southward windshift.The enhanced cold outflow pushed the warm southerly airflow southward and impacted the mountains on the southeast side of the basin,where the roughly parallel mountain valleys or gaps play a controlling role in a second stage formation of parallel convective lines. 相似文献
92.
The aerodynamic drag coefficient (CD) is conjectured to change (or remains almost uniform) with the horizontal wind speed (U) over a flexible (or fixed) surface element, which is represented with the surface roughness (z0). This conjecture is tested for the near neutral atmospheric turbulence (i.e. when surface stability z/L is almost equal to 0, where z is the measurement height and L is Obukhov length) of monsoon and winter season at an on-slope and a ridge-top site in the Indian Himalaya, wherein the ridge-top site is associated with a higher degree of sensitivity to the roughness element and terrain attributes. This hypothesis is successfully verified for two conditions, (i) the monsoon period observations of ridge-top site are found to have higher z0 due to vegetative growth than the winter period for flows having similar terrain signature, and (ii) the monsoon and winter period observations of on-slope site are noted to have similar z0 for flows having signature of steep terrain. Subsequently, constants (i.e. a and b) of the power-law relationships between CD and U (i.e. CD = aUb), as a function of z0, are optimized. It is noted that the relationship between CD and U has higher sensitivity towards the terrain slope than the vegetative growth. 相似文献
93.
阐述了基于CORBA的分布式平台实现异构网络环境下海量地形数据的Web发布与服务的关键技术,通过一个实验系统对上述方法进行了测试。 相似文献
94.
95.
李平湘 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》1995,20(3):202-207
介绍了一个通过确定航空摄影飞机的空间位置和姿态来辅助飞机导航的算法。该算法将航摄像片与已知数字地面模型配准,从而获取像片(飞机)的空间位置和姿态。 相似文献
96.
97.
本文仅改变模式下垫面的地形资料,对西南地区降水过程进行模拟试验,通过模拟结果的分析对比,我们认为1)不同地形资料(或是对地形资料进行平滑处理),在地形突变处的差异最为显著。2)地形细微的变化最直接影响的是降水位置,其次是降水强度。3)地形变化之后,短波辐射受到的影响最为直接,感热通量和潜热通量是此消彼长。4)盆地有降水过程时,低层一般盛行东南风,且会在盆地内部产生气旋性弯曲,气流在迎风坡存在明显的辐合,而背风坡则存在明显的辐散。5)地形梯度同样影响对流的发生发展,在地形陡峭处更容易产生强烈的上升运动,地形梯度越缓,气流的爬升能力也越强。总之,地形的微小变化已经可以对降水的落区和强度产生显著的影响。 相似文献
98.
利用变分多普勒雷达分析系统, 结合多普勒雷达观测、 地面自动站、 风廓线仪、 加密探空等非常规观测资料, 对北京地区2011年8月9日局地雷暴的新生和增强机制进行了较精细的分析。结果表明: 该过程是一次发生在弱垂直风切变环境下的局地强对流雷暴大风过程, 环境场有较强的不稳定能量(CAPE达2 798 J·㎏-1), 地面高比湿带(>20 g·kg-1)在山前聚集, 城区西部山前存在一较强γ中尺度热辐合中心, 前期大气环境条件十分有利于对流发生发展; 上游移进北京的强雷暴受地形强迫作用影响, 其产生的冷池出流被抬高, 冷空气叠加在地面γ中尺度热辐合中心之上, 使山前局地大气层结更不稳定, 另一方面, 强冷池出流产生的边界层高层偏北风与近地面弱的偏南风构成有利于对流新生的垂直风切变, 地面热辐合中心、 边界层热力和动力不稳定的增强共同作用是局地雷暴新生的主要机制; 上游冷池出流边界(阵风锋)伴有的强温度梯度和边界层辐合上升运动是原有局地新生雷暴显著增强的主要原因; 多单体雷暴相互碰撞合并产生的辐合上升运动是局地雷暴得以持续的关键因素。 相似文献
99.
内蒙造山带南部古板块构造演化 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
对内蒙造山带南部构造岩石组合、构造序列和部分岩石的同位素年龄研究表明,华北板块北缘在中元古代由大陆裂谷发展成被动陆缘,晚元古代开始转为活动陆缘,延续至早古生代转为俯冲-左旋走滑。随着温都尔庙蛇绿岩的定位和俯冲带北移、贺根山蛇绿岩的定位,内蒙造山带南部分别经历了两次均衡抬升-裂陷。海西末期华北-西伯利亚两大板块已缝合,进入超碰撞阶段,区内花岗岩大量侵位并形成了一系列推覆构造。 相似文献
100.
《Geodinamica Acta》2012,25(3-4):226-247
One of the pre-Jurassic metamorphic basements of the Western Sakarya Zone (NW Turkey) is the Havran Unit which contains metasedimentary (i.e. the Kalabak formation) and metaintrusive rocks of Devonian age. An LA-ICP-MS U-Pb zircon dating study was conducted on 125 zircon grains obtained from a metasedimentary rock to better understand the origin and evolution of the Kalabak formation. Around 107 of 175 spot analyses are concordant with rates 90–110% and the zircon ages vary between 426 ± 5.2 and 3406.9 ± 195.7 Ma. Zircon populations cluster in ranges: 426 ± 5.2–535 ± 13 Ma (8.4%, Palaeozoic), 549 ± 14–999 ± 11 Ma (54.21%, Neoproterozoic), 1012 ± 200–1543 ± 50 Ma (6.54%, Mesoproterozoic), 1736 ± 123–2414 ± 58 Ma (18.7%, Palaeoproterozoic), and 2512 ± 30–3406.9 ± 195.7 Ma (12.15%, Archean). Dominating Neoproterozoic ages notate Cadomian-Avalonian terrains and Mesoproterozoic ages should mainly be related to Avalon terrains. The Karacabey metagranite consists of coarse-grained, equigranular, hypidiomorphic, and rarely foliated monzogranite and granodiorite. It is located to the north of the town of Karacabey in the eastern part of the Biga Peninsula. Main mineral assemblage is quartz, K-feldspar, plagioclase, and biotite. Zircon, apatite, monazite, magnetite, and sphene occur as accessory phases. Aluminum Saturation Index (ASI) values vary between 0.91 and 1.63, indicating the pluton as a metaluminous-peraluminous, I-type granite. The metagranite samples are plotted in the high-K-calcalkaline field on the SiO2 vs. K2O diagram. N-MORB-normalised spidergrams display a profound enrichment in the large-ion lithophile elements (LILE), light rare earth elements (LREE), and depletion in high field strength elements, suggesting that its genesis relates to hydrous melting of a mantle wedge in a subduction zone and/or melting of subduction zone-influenced source areas. Chondrite-normalised rare earth element spidergrams are indicative of the importance of plagioclase and amphibole fractionation. In tectonic discrimination diagrams, all of the metagranite samples fall into the volcanic arc granite and late post-collisional granite fields. U/Pb LA-ICP-MS zircon dating of the metagranite yielded an age of 400.3 ± 1.4 Ma (Early Devonian), interpreted as the age of igneous crystallisation. These age data show that the Karacabey metagranite is a member of the lower to mid Devonian granites, recently described from the Biga Peninsula. In light of these findings, we argue that the Havran Unit was an exotic terrain which possibly was once a part of far-travelled Avalon terrains and was attached to Sakarya Zone. 相似文献