Financial statement as at 31 December 1969

The Tasman Line, a much‐discussed concept in the geology and tectonics of eastern Australia, has a long and chequered history of interpretation. This extends to current debates regarding the age and position of the Tasman Line in Gondwana‐Rodinia reconstructions. We present constraints, from mapping, geochemistry and geophysics, on the interpretation of gravity and magnetic lineaments attributed to the Tasman Line in New South Wales, South Australia, Victoria and Tasmania. These pieces of evidence suggest a protracted and complex latest Neoproterozoic to Carboniferous geological history that produces a variety of geophysical responses, rather than a simple ‘Line’. We also find no evidence of Rodinian breakup age activity responsible for any of the anomalies. In light of these findings, our preference is that the Tasman Line concept be abandoned as misleading, especially with regard to models of Rodinia‐Gondwana breakup, which must have occurred elsewhere, possibly well to the east. Instead, the rocks preserved in the westernmost part of the Tasmanides are consistent with previously proposed ‘Southwest Pacific’‐style models for Neoproterozoic continental breakup, margin formation and reaccretion of continental fragments in the Early Palaeozoic.     

多金属结壳Os同位素组成区域性和阶段性偏高异常

Os同位素地层法可以得到包含生长间断期的分辨率较高的结壳年代框架,相对传统定年方法具有更优的发展前景.在比对多金属结壳分层Os同位素组成曲线与大洋海水标准曲线从而为多金属结壳定年的同时,研究标准曲线的区域性特征及其与壳源、幔源物质供应的关系.依据比值和趋势贴合原则,得到的多金属结壳生长期包括80~75 Ma、70~65 Ma、60~50 Ma、42~40 Ma、35~28 Ma、15~10 Ma、8~0 Ma.在中、西太平洋地区,麦哲伦和马绍尔海山区结壳Os同位素组成测定值与标准曲线形态和取值贴合良好,而马尔库斯威克和莱恩海山区结壳测定值虽与标准曲线趋势较为贴合,但分别在7 Ma以来和33 Ma以前相对标准曲线取值异常偏高.这种异常偏高现象的出现与2个海山区进、出盛行西风带和赤道信风带的过程有关,结壳在处于风带时接收到风力输运的美洲和亚洲陆源风尘物质,使得其记录的Os同位素组成相对标准曲线偏高.      

DLG数据模型自动转换程序设计

基于国家测绘地理信息局试运行的《1∶10000（1∶5000）基础地理信息地形要素数据规范》和山东现有数据标准情况,通过研究编码转换、数据结构重组等的自动处理方法,开发了基于山东省1∶1万数字线划图(DLG)数据特点的自动模型转换处理程序,总结了DLG数据模型自动转换的方法。     

Les camptonites du mont Cameroun,Cameroun, Afrique

Camptonites have been discovered at Mount Cameroon. They contain phenocrysts of olivine + clinopyroxene + plagioclase ± kaersutite ± bi and ocelli of nepheline or analcite and carbonates. ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr_i values are similar to those of the basalts of Mount Cameroon $(\approx 0.7033)$. The camptonites are interpreted as resulting from fractional crystallization of a basaltic magma generated by a low degree of melting of an infra-lithospheric metasomatized mantle tapped by huge lithospheric cracks. To cite this article: I. Ngounouno et al., C. R. Geoscience 338 (2006).     

Texture-based identification of urban slums in Hyderabad, India using remote sensing data

This paper outlines a methodology to identify informal settlements out of high resolution satellite imagery using the concept of lacunarity. Principal component analysis and line detection algorithms were applied alternatively to obtain a high resolution binary representation of the city of Hyderabad, India and used to calculate lacunarity values over a 60 × 60 m grid. A number of ground truthing areas were used to classify the resulting datasets and to identify lacunarity ranges which are typical for settlement types that combine high density housing and small dwelling size - features characteristic for urban slums in India. It was discovered that the line detection algorithm is advantageous over principal component analysis in providing suitable binary datasets for lacunarity analysis as it is less sensitive to spectral variability within mosaicked imagery. The resulting slum location map constitutes an efficient tool in identifying particularly overcrowded areas of the city and can be used as a reliable source in vulnerability and resilience assessments at a later stage. The proposed methodology allows for rapid analysis and comparison of multi-temporal data and can be applied on many developing urban agglomerations around the world.     

切仑科夫线状辐射与类星体的宽发射线起源探讨

当具有各向同性速度分布的相对论电子穿过稠密气体区,或者轰击稠密气体区的表面时,切仑科夫效应将会产生1种特殊的原子或离子发射线,称做切仑科夫线状发射.这一预言在光学波段已由实验室的实验所证实.研究指出了切仑科夫线状辐射在类星体和赛弗特1星系的宽发射线研究中的重要性,利用此新机制有可能解决类星体研究中的一些重大且长期没有解决的疑惑.例如宽氢线之间存在的反常强度比,特别是反常Lyα/Lyβ强度比的问题.并且进一步估计了相对论电子穿过宇宙气体时所产生的各种效应的能耗的数量级,并对各种能耗进行比较,证实了切仑科夫线状发射机制在类星体和塞弗特1型星系中的有效性.     

一次飑线大风的多种资料分析和临近预报

利用临沂新一代天气雷达(CINRAD/SC)观测资料,结合MICAPS资料、加密自动气象站观测资料、MM5模式数值预报产品,对2006年4月28日发生在临沂的一次以灾害性大风为主、有弱降水相伴随、局部还有冰雹发生的飑线天气过程进行了分析.文中利用多种资料重点探讨了弓形回波带来的灾害性大风的形成机制.模式产品分析表明:灾害性大风发生区处在高空急流左侧,此处是正涡度平流和辐散区,强的垂直风切变导致了重力波的产生,300～500 hPa高度上产生的中尺度重力波(MGW)是本次大风过程的启动机制.造成地面大风的强下沉气流是来自于对流层中上层的干冷空气.雷达观测表明:本次过程中,大风区雷达径向速度出现模糊,强回波区对应径向风速辐合,具有较小的VIL值、有界弱回波区和中层径向辐合等特征.雷达径向速度图上高层负径向速度中心值的迅速减小和低层负径向速度中心值迅速增大是高空下沉气流迅速下沉的结果,是产生地面灾害性大风的直观表现.     

0509号台风(Matsa)登陆螺旋云带的增幅及其台前飑线的特征研究

利用FY-2C卫星、Doppler雷达、风廓线和加密自动站等资料,对0509号台风"Matsa"(以下简称Matsa)螺旋云带登陆过程中云、回波、风雨等时空分布特征量进行了深入的研究,对螺旋云带、飑线风雨增幅进行了定量分析.结果表明:Matsa先后有6条外、内对流螺旋云带登陆并影响中国大陆,对流螺旋云带登陆过程中增幅显著,云顶最低亮温平均下降20.2℃,螺旋云带登陆至减弱维持时间12.8 h,登陆间隔8.6 h.外螺旋云带登陆时风速增幅2.0 m/s,最大增幅4.1 m/s.同时可带来平均19 mm、最大75 mm的降水量.内螺旋云带登陆时风速增幅4.2 m/s,最大增幅9.0 m/S,最大瞬时风速达30.2 m/s,同时可带来139.6-174.2 mm、最大396 mm,1 h最大降水59.8 mm.对流螺旋云带在登陆过程中,在其前沿部位不断有台前飑线向外分离,台前飑线的回波宽度一般在5 km左右,回波梯度特大,长度从几十公里到几百公里不等,登陆时回波增幅5-10 dBz.台前飑线的移动方向与台风移动方向基本一致,移动平均46 km/h,是同时刻台风时速的2.5倍.台前飑线的形成特点为先出现双链或多链小弧弓形回波,在登陆中演绎成大弧.在速度图上,台前飑线中分布着倒V型或S型零速度线.在地面小尺度风场上,表现出具有东南与东北风向辐合线,切变辐合甚至涡旋扰动的特征非常显著.飑线过境时,风向扰动47-135°,风速增大1倍以上,地面瞬时风速平均增幅为4 m/s,最大可达10 m/s.瞬时极大风速26.4 m/s,同时可带来6.9-29.1 mm、最大90 mm的降水量.500 m以上的风速比近地面大1倍,大风区厚度可伸展至对流层上部.     

动态规划法在管道修复与更新中的应用

管道工程的全寿命管理中最重要的环节是管道运营期的控制管理;针对管道运营期的修复、更新成本的动态规划控制管理,采用决策分析,提出最优线路原则;采用动态规划法来控制管道的运营成本,从而提高管道成本效率最大化。     

利用VB开发的MAPGIS明码数据格式文件生成系统

MAPGIS目前还没有提供直接由坐标数据输入成图的功能.利用VB开发的一个直接使用现成数据源生成MAPGIS的明码数据格式文件的系统,使得将现有数据加载到相关的地形、地质、物探等成果图件上的操作变得简单和十分方便.论述了系统的开发思路和主要特点.