大别造山带东部燕山晚期区域变质－岩浆活动与区域构造抬升的同位素地质年代学证据

应用Ｒｂ－Ｓｒ同位素地质年代学方法，系统地研究了大别山东部两类不同构造环境（同构造花岗岩和非构造花岗岩）成因的花岗岩及大别杂岩混合二长片麻岩的冷却就位和构造－变质时代．结合区域上大别杂岩和花岗岩已有的同位素地质年代学成果分析，结果表明：（１）大别山东部燕山晚期区域变质－混合岩化－岩浆活动是同一构造－热事件的产物；（２）大别杂岩与中生代花岗岩具有相似的热历史，中下地壳大别杂岩的出露是燕山晚期区域构造抬升的结果     

A smog chamber for studies of the reactions of terpenes and alkanes with ozone and OH

The design and performance of a smog chamber for the study of photochemical reactions under simulated environmental conditions is described. The chamber is thermostated for aerosol experiments, and it comprises a gas chromatographic sample enrichment system suitable for monitoring hydrocarbons at the ppbv level. By irradiating NO _x /alkane-mixtures rate constants for the reaction of OH radicals with n-alkanes are determined from n-pentane to n-hexadecane to be (k±2)/10^–12 cm³ s^–1=4.29±0.16, 6.2±0.6, 7.52 (reference value), 8.8±0.3, 10.2±0.3, 11.7±0.4, 13.7±0.3, 15.1±0.5, 17.5±0.6, 19.3±0.7, 22.3±1.0, and 25.0±1.3, respectively at 312 K. Rate constants, (k±2)/10^–17 cm³ s^–1, for the reaction of ozone with trans-2-butene (21.2±1.0), cis-3-methylpentene-(2) (47.2±1.7), cyclopentene (62.4±3.5), cyclohexene (7.8±0.5), cycloheptene (28.3±1.5), -pinene (8.6±1.3), and -pinene (1.4±0.2) are determined in the dark at 297 K using cis-2-butene (13.0) as reference standard.     

中国东北地区新生代火山幕

中国东北地区分布着约690个火山锥和火山口,50000km~2的玄武岩和粗面岩。自白垩纪晚期到现代可分为10个火山幕,即大屯幕(86—61Ma)、双辽幕(49—39Ma)、下辽河幕(37—27Ma)、甑峰山幕(23—19Ma)、奶头山幕(16—13Ma)、老爷岭幕(11—7Ma)、军舰山幕(4.5—2.0Ma)、龙岗幕(1.5—0.8Ma),白头山幕(0.58—0.06Ma)和五大连池幕(近10000年以来)。火山活动的高潮在中新世和第四纪。早期火山活动发生在松辽地堑内部,随着时间的推移,火山活动逐渐向两侧呈递叠式发展,在大陆边缘一例表现尤为明显。     

磁暴二倍法预报大震的物理机制讨论

从组合模式，磁暴对蠕滑幕的整步和蠕滑幕周期谱的角度讨论了磁暴二倍法预报地层的机制。     

Prediction Of Air-Pollution Episodes

Mathematical models that can properly predict dispersion and transport ofatmospheric pollutants are an essential element in the development of warningand control strategies. Proper forecasts of atmospheric boundary-layer heightand its vertical mean wind speed provide a basis for predictions of air-pollutionconcentrations under meteorological conditions that vary horizontally, vertically,and temporally.A prognostic model is developed to predict the ventilation factor using forecast valuesof meteorological elements normally provided from meteorological agencies, in addition to specifications of terrain. Therefore, the ventilation factor and concentrations of pollutants could be predicted. Subsequent to the dependence of the present method on easily obtainable data, it avoids the non-generality and uncertainty followed from the application of some empirical relations. Even more, the method seems to provide high accuracy in validity tests.     

METEOROLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS DURING THE SECOND MEIYU EPISODE IN 1998*

This article examined the meteorological features of the second Meiyu/Baiu episode(hereafter Meiyu Ⅱ) in 1998 and the results are summarized as follows:(1) The Meiyu Ⅱ period in 1998 has been the longest and the most delayed ending one since 1885,which caused the great flood around the Yangtze River Basin.The circulation situation in Meiyu Ⅱ is so typical that the average geopotential height and wind fields at 500 hPa and 850 hPa are very similar to monthly mean in June.The abnormal circulation in Meiyu Ⅱ is associated with an adjusting of the Okhotsk high and short period south-north oscillation of the subtropical high.(2) The heavy rainfall around the Yangtze River during Meiyu Ⅱ period is closely related to a persistent shear line,a clear eastward moving vortex structure and a very strong jet flow at lower levels.It is very clear that the strong divergence at higher levels and convergence at lower levels occurred in situ during Meiyu Ⅱ period.(3) It is very clear that the convective activity propagates eastward quickly with a period about 7 days during Meiyu Ⅱ period.     

对我国未来几年地震大形势的预测研究

根据地震期幕活动的特点,及对东北深震与华北、黄海和中国大陆地震活动关系的研究得出中国大陆地震活动第5轮回的强震活跃幕还未结束,还将延续3～5年的时间;今后几年大陆发生7级以上地震的危险性仍然存在,华北、黄海的6级地震活动也有可能增强。     

A CASE STUDY ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN A PRECEDING LA NINA EVENT AND EAST ASIAN SUMMER ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION*

This study examined the relationship between mature phase of the cold event in 1999 and the East Asian summer atmosphere circulation in 2000.The cold event reaches its mature phase in the autumn and winter of 1999,which is the strongest La Nina episode in recent 11 years.There is a clear anomalous pattern of the atmosphere circulation around East Asia in the summer of 2000, i.e.the negative anomaly centers around the Cherski Mountains and 20°N,170°E at 500 hPa,the main body of the subtropical high keeps in further northern position than usual and the negative anomaly of precipitation located in southern central China.This pattern is thought as the response to the preceding strong cold event in autumn of 1999.It is also identified that the response of the East Asian atmosphere circulation in summer of 2000 to the strong La Nina event in 1999 belongs to the top rank in recent 43 years.On the other hand,the inactive blocking anticyclone around East Asia in summer of 2000 is associated with the positive SST anomaly and the 850 hPa temperature anomaly around the Bering Sea simultaneously.Nevertheless,although the impact on the summer atmosphere circulation around East Asia from La Nina events could not rank with that from E1 Nino,the impact could not be neglected especially in a strong La Nina case.     

华北地区ML4级地震平静的分析

结合华北地区MS≥6级地震活动的韵律特征进行了地震幕的划分,并统计分析了华北地区（33°~43°N,108°~125°E）1980年以来出现ML4级地震平静与中等地震的对应情况,主要结论如下：（1）华北地区目前处于第五地震活跃幕的相对平静时段,目前6级地震已经平静16年多,随时可能进入新的地震活动幕;（2）ML4级地震平静对中强地震的前兆意义与当前地震活动所处地震幕的不同阶段有关,在1980—2000年ML4级地震平静与M5级及以上地震有较好的对应关系;2000年之后ML4级地震平静与ML5.2级及以上地震对应关系较好;（3）2013年11月23日山东莱州ML5.0级地震打破华北地区ML4级地震平静189天,虽然在预报期限内没有ML5.2级以上地震,但是2014年4月1日发生黄海ML5.1级地震,鉴于目前震群活跃,仍要警惕华北地区出现更大地震的危险。