Experimental research on a new encapsulated heat-generating hydraulic fracturing fluid system

1 IntroductionFracturing plays an important role in increasingthe production and injection and enhancing the final re-covery of oil and gas. At present, the use of ahydroxypropyl guar gum, borate-crosslinked, hydraulicfracturing fluid systemhas become ext…     

八家子铅锌矿区吴家屯矿床矿物特征及银赋存状态

八家子铅锌矿区吴家屯矿床是燕山期形成的热液充填交代脉状铅锌矿床。矿床中除铅锌矿外还伴生有银、硫、铜、锰等多种有益元素。银主要呈微粒自然银、辉银矿、金银矿、银黝铜矿、黝锑银矿、硫砷铜银矿、含碲银矿物等产出,并呈包裹体产于方铅矿、闪锌矿、黄铁矿、黄铜矿、石英等矿物中,或充填于这些矿物的裂隙及晶隙中。少部分银则以类质同象形式存在于方铅矿、黄铁矿矿物中。     

添加剂对KAlSi_3O_8-CaSO_4-CaCO_3体系反应表观活化能的影响

首先测定了KAlSi3O8-CaSO4-CaCO3体系在不同焙烧条件下钾长石转化成可溶性氧化钾的转化率,进而通过模拟计算表明:KAlSi3O8-CaSO4-CaCO3体系的固相扩散动力学过程符合金斯特林格动力学方程,反应表观活化能Ea为128.92kJ/mol。并着重考察了4种添加剂Na2SO4、Na2SO3、NaCl和NaF对KAlSi3O8-CaSO4-CaCO3体系的影响,结果表明:向体系中分别加入占反应物总质量3%的Na2SO4、Na2SO3、NaCl和1%的NaF后,体系的反应表观活化能Ea从原来的128.92kJ/mol依次下降至87.15、98.71、117.38和126.14kJ/mol,这表明4种添加剂中Na2SO4的效果最好,它能较大程度上降低反应表观活化能,从而降低反应温度和提高固相反应速率。     

基于GA参数辨识的直流伺服电机PID调节器的设计

针对数控火焰切割机自动调高系统的特点和要求,采用遗传算法对其位置调节器PID参数进行全局优化辨识,有效地解决了直流伺服电机的控制精度和快速性的问题.仿真结果表明,与传统的参数辨识法相比,遗传算法参数寻优使自动调高系统的动态性能大幅提高,具有很强的鲁棒性.     

Photocatalytic Degradation of 17α‐Ethinylestradiol and Inactivation of Escherichia coli Using Ag‐Modified TiO2 Nanotube Arrays

Ag‐modified TiO₂ nanotube arrays (Ag/TiO₂ NAs) were prepared and employed as a photocatalyst for degradation of 17α‐ethinylestradiol (EE2) and inactivation of Escherichia coli. The as‐synthesized Ag/TiO₂ NAs were characterized by field‐emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). It was found that metallic Ag nanoparticles were firmly deposited on the TiO₂ NAs with the pore diameter of 100 nm and the length of 550 nm. Photocatalytic degradation of EE2 and inactivation of E. coli were enhanced effectively in an analogical trend using Ag/TiO₂ NAs. In particular, Ag/TiO₂ NAs exhibited the antimicrobial activity even in the absence of light. The Ag acted as a disinfection agent as well as the dopant of the modified TiO₂ NAs photocatalysis by forming a Schottky barrier on the surface of TiO₂ NAs. Inorganic ions suppressed the rates of photocatalytic degradation of EE2, with HCO having a more pronounced effect than NO or SO. Humic acid (HA) was found to increase the rate of EE2 degradation.     

A Review of: “Applications of Spatial Data Structures: Computer Graphics,Image Processing,and GIS”. By H. SAMET. (Addison-Wesley Publishing Company,Inc, 1989.) [Pp. xv + 507; figures,tables, appendix,references, name and credit index,subject index.] Price US $49.95. ISBN 020150300 X (hardback).

The introduction of automated generalisation procedures in map production systems requires that generalisation systems are capable of processing large amounts of map data in acceptable time and that cartographic quality is similar to traditional map products. With respect to these requirements, we examine two complementary approaches that should improve generalisation systems currently in use by national topographic mapping agencies. Our focus is particularly on self‐evaluating systems, taking as an example those systems that build on the multi‐agent paradigm. The first approach aims to improve the cartographic quality by utilising cartographic expert knowledge relating to spatial context. More specifically, we introduce expert rules for the selection of generalisation operations based on a classification of buildings into five urban structure types, including inner city, urban, suburban, rural, and industrial and commercial areas. The second approach aims to utilise machine learning techniques to extract heuristics that allow us to reduce the search space and hence the time in which a good cartographical solution is reached. Both approaches are tested individually and in combination for the generalisation of buildings from map scale 1:5000 to the target map scale of 1:25 000. Our experiments show improvements in terms of efficiency and effectiveness. We provide evidence that both approaches complement each other and that a combination of expert and machine learnt rules give better results than the individual approaches. Both approaches are sufficiently general to be applicable to other forms of self‐evaluating, constraint‐based systems than multi‐agent systems, and to other feature classes than buildings. Problems have been identified resulting from difficulties to formalise cartographic quality by means of constraints for the control of the generalisation process.     

开鲁盆地钱家店地区姚家组还原剂特征及铀成矿作用

在开鲁盆地钱家店地区发现超大型铀矿床,为了界定储层还原剂对铀成矿作用的影响,通过岩心、镜下观察及相关测试技术的应用,进行了还原剂特征研究。结果表明: 研究区铀储层内部的还原剂主要以有机质-碳化植物碎屑、烃类、黄铁矿等形式为主。其中,有机质中常见的黄铁矿可以为铀成矿提供大量优质的还原剂; 矿化砂岩中甲烷含量及烃类总量较其他类型的砂岩高,并且随着铀的富集,气烃/重烃的比值明显升高,表明铀的富集与烃类也具有密切关系; 铀储层内部常见的黄铁矿类型包括莓球状黄铁矿、胶状黄铁矿、自形和它形黄铁矿,其作为还原剂以多种形式与铀共存。矿化层位的砂岩中,总有机碳(total organic carbon, TOC)含量与S全含量普遍较高,而Fe2O3/FeO值则明显偏低; 与此相反,在非矿化层位的砂岩中,TOC含量与S全含量普遍较低,而Fe2O3/FeO值较高,表明铀矿化与TOC、S全含量具有一定的正相关关系,而与Fe2O3/FeO值呈负相关。对铀储层内部还原剂特征的深入研究,反映出还原剂对铀成矿作用的制约机理具有重要意义,为砂岩型铀矿的勘查预测提供理论指导。     

基于智能体的鄱阳湖区钉螺生长模型及其模拟研究

基于复杂自适应系统理论,采用自下而上的基于智能体的建模分析方法,模拟了自然环境与钉螺生长相互作用导致的钉螺生长的主要行为特征、生命状态和数量变化,开发实现了模拟模型,同时输入实测数据进行实例模拟,结果表明该模型能够作为血吸虫病防控工作中钉螺数量估测的一种辅助实验方法和工具。     

磁记录材料的防霉

本文分析了磁记录材料长霉的原因和危害，介绍了防霉的试验过程以及防霉剂的应用效果。     

An intelligent agent based on virtual geographic environment system

On the basis of previous work, this paper designs an intelligent agent based on virtual geographic environment (VGE) system that is characterized by huge data, rapid computation, multi-user, multi-thread and intelligence and issues challenges to traditional GIS models and algorithms. The new advances in software and hardware technology lay a reliable basis for system design, development and application.