云南4个地震序列Q_c~(-1)值变化特征对比研究

对云南地区4个地震序列,分别为2000年姚安6.5级地震、2001年施甸5级震群、2001年永胜6.0级地震和2003年大姚6.2、6.1级震群,利用垂直向数字地震尾波分别计算地震序列周边台站3个频率段的Qc-1值,分析对比其时间演化趋势。发现对于主-余震型序列,主震后Qc-1值整体上变化幅度不大,趋于稳定。而对于震群(或双震)型序列,在第一个主震后,Qc-1值表现出上升-下降趋势,持续一段时间后强震发生。这些变化在序列周围的台站和三个频率段的变化整体趋势是一致的,但变化幅度不一致,可能与孕震区的位置和孕震应力的演变过程有关。上述研究为强余震的预报提供一个新的方法。     

Characteristics of coda wave attenuation in Yunnan area

The characteristic of seismic coda wave attenuation in Yunnan area in 7 frequency-bands range from 1 Hz to 20 Hz was estimated by using the local earthquake's waveform data recorded from 22 Yunnan digital seismic stations.Coda attenuation Q-c1 of each station was firstly calculated by single scattering method. Then, mean free path Le and seismic albedo Bo of each station were calculated, and scattering attenuation Q-1s and intrinsic attenuation Q-1i were separated from total attenuation Q-1t by multiple lapse time window analysis based on the multiple scattering model in uniform random isotropic scattering medium. The attenuating characteristics in Yunnan show that most value of Le are in 10～30 km, with maximal within 2～6 Hz;Bo are about 0.5 at 1～2 Hz, but less than 0.5at other frequency-bands, which means Q-1i is comparable with Q-1s at 1～2 Hz, and after 1～2 Hz, Q-1i is greater than Q-1s and dominates the attenuation process. Q-1c is close to Q-1i at other frequency bands except 1～2 Hz.Results show that Q-1 especially Qs-1 varies spatially, Q-1 in eastern Yunnan zone is a bit higher than in northwestern Yunnan zone;northwestern Yunnan zone higher than southwestern Yunnan zone. Comparing with other results in global, Qs-1 in Yunnan is lower than the global average value among these results, Q-1i is higher than the global average value, and Q-1t lies the middle among these results.     

弹性波阻抗在时移地震中的应用分析

常规声波波阻抗由于缺乏横波的信息,使得它对于流体的变化很不敏感,而弹性波阻抗反演,除了与纵波速度,密度有关之外,还与横波速度、入射角度有关,由于考虑了AVO(Amplitude Variation with Offset)效应,使得对流体和岩性的预测能力增强.本文将弹性波阻抗反演应用于时移地震中,采用AVA(Amplitude Variation with Angle)约束稀疏脉冲反演来进行弹性波阻抗反演,得到纵横波阻抗等弹性参数,通过交会图分析,将弹性参数转换为油藏参数,如预测含水饱和度的变化,通过本方法可增强对储层流体的预测,提高储层管理能力.     

型钢混凝土梁柱框支剪力墙结构抗震性能试验研究

框支剪力墙结构在实际工程中经常被采用,震害表明钢筋混凝土框支剪力墙结构抗震性能较差,本文提出型钢混凝土梁柱框支剪力墙结构对此加以改进。作者进行了4个1/4缩尺模型在竖向荷载和单调及低周反复水平荷载作用下的对比试验,其中3个试件采用型钢混凝土转换梁、型钢混凝土框支柱,1个试件采用钢筋混凝土转换梁、钢筋混凝土框支柱。我们分析其承载力、刚度、变形、延性和破坏形态等。试验结果表明,型钢混凝土梁柱框支剪力墙结构承载力高、延性好、滞回曲线丰满,变形能力和耗能能力较强。     

Study on the characteristics of crust－mantle transition zone in Western Yunnan Province

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地震序列自仿射分形及自相似分形的计算与比较

本用标准偏差法和标度变换法，计算了云南省五个地震区带上１９６５－１９９５年间地震序列的自仿射分形的分维值Ｄ△ｔ（地震时间间隔序列自仿射分形）ＤＭ－ｔ（地震震级一时间序列自仿射分形）及自相似分形的分维值Ｄ０（地震时间分布自相似分形）得到了相应的时间变化曲线，ＤＭ－ｔ～ｔ，Ｄ△ｔ～ｔ和Ｄ０～ｔ。通过相互比较发现，其中ＤＭ－ｔ的随时间变化在中强地震前的反应最为敏感。     

论四川防震减灾工作为实施西部大开发战略服务

充分认识四川防震减灾工作在实施西部大开发战略中的地位与作用,找准切入点,努力为实施西部大开发战略做贡献;培育生长点,为实施西部大开发战略服务,促进四川防震减灾事业和地震工作的发展;解放思想,深化改革,为服务于西部大开发战略创造条件。     

40Ar/39Ar geochronology and exhumation of mylonitized metamorphic complex in Changle-Nanao ductile shear zone

New⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar plateau ages from rocks of Changle-Nanao ductile shear zone are 107.9 Ma(Mus), 108.2 Ma(Bi), 107.1 Ma(Bi), 109.2 Ma(Hb) and 117.9 Ma(Bi) respectively, which are concordant with their isochron ages and record the formation age of the ductile shear zone. The similarity and apparent overlap of the cooling ages with respective closure temperatures of 5 minerals document initial rapid uplift during 107–118 Ma following the collision between the Min-Tai microcontinent and the Min-Zhe Mesozoic volcanic arc. The⁴⁰Ar/³⁹ Ar plateau ages, K-Ar date of K-feldspar and other geochronologic information suggest that the exhumation rate of the ductile shear zone is about 0.18–1.12 mm/a in the range of 107–70 Ma, which is mainly influenced by tectonic extension.     

丽江大研镇震灾分布和地脉动测量结果之间的相关性

丽江７．０级地震后，大研镇被毁建筑物的地理分布呈显４条条带，伤亡人员的地理分布和上述条带重合。９１个短周期地脉动测点的观测资料表明，分布在上述条带内的大多数测点，其卓越周期大于０．３Ｓ；条带外的测点，其卓越周期一般在０．１Ｓ左右。作认为卓越周期和烈度异常之间良好的相关性，是因为地脉动卓越周期和地方震的频谱之间存在良好的相关性。     

四川地区强震发生条件的综合分析

根据发震断层的时代，发震构造的应力和几何结构条件，对四川地区的强震发生条件进行了综合分析，结果表明，四川地区孕育和发生强震的断层主要晚更新世以来，特别是全新世以来活动的断裂；强震多发生在主压力方向与断层交角成３０°～６０°之间的最危险滑动角值范围，走滑断层的斜列状结构，断裂的交叉结构，断裂的枢纽结构，断裂上的弯曲，转折部位以及断裂带上的横向隆起，拗陷及其交接部位都是发震构造的结构特征，有利于强震的