基于高分辨率PS-DInSAR的城郊地表沉降监测

随着城市的扩张,大型城市的郊区逐步成为新的工业生产及居民中心,为满足生产及生活用水需求,地下水被大量开采,进而导致地表沉降。目前对地表沉降的监测多集中在城市区域,城郊的地表沉降较少受到关注。本文提出使用高分辨率永久散射体（PS）雷达盖分干涉（PS-DInSAR）技术对大型城市郊区的沉降进行监测。选取某市城郊为实验区,使用覆盖该区的16幅高分辨率TerraSAR影像为数据进行PS-DIn-SAR沉降建模和解算,获取了谈区大范围的高分辨率沉降信息。谈市效区最大年沉降速度达到62mm/a（即年沉降量）,平均沉降速度为24mm/a。分析表明,该区域的不均匀沉降与地下水的开采密切相关。     

GPS接收机内部噪声水平测试方法研究

阐述了在GPS精度鉴定系统中,针对短基线快速检核GPS接收机内部噪声水平测试方法进行研究,并结合试验验证了方法的可靠性.     

利用SRTM绘制东Sahara大型古排水盆地及其对南埃及新发展计划的影响(英文)

In the current study, the shuttle radar topography mission (SRTM) data, with～90 m horizontal resolution, were used to delineate the paleodrainage system and their mega basin extent in the East Sahara area. One mega-drainage basin has been detected, covering an area of 256 000 km2. It is classified into two sub mega basins. The Uweinate sub mega basin, which is composed of four main tributaries, collected water from a vast catchment region and drained eastward from the north, west, and southwest, starting at...     

The determination of potential difference by the joint application of measured and synthetical gravity data: a case study in Hungary

In an elementary approach every geometrical height difference between the staff points of a levelling line should have a corresponding average g value for the determination of potential difference in the Earth’s gravity field. In practice this condition requires as many gravity data as the number of staff points if linear variation of g is assumed between them. Because of the expensive fieldwork, the necessary data should be supplied from different sources. This study proposes an alternative solution, which is proved at a test bed located in the Mecsek Mountains, Southwest Hungary, where a detailed gravity survey, as dense as the staff point density (~1 point/34 m), is available along a 4.3-km-long levelling line. In the first part of the paper the effect of point density of gravity data on the accuracy of potential difference is investigated. The average g value is simply derived from two neighbouring g measurements along the levelling line, which are incrementally decimated in the consecutive turns of processing. The results show that the error of the potential difference between the endpoints of the line exceeds 0.1 mm in terms of length unit if the sampling distance is greater than 2 km. Thereafter, a suitable method for the densification of the decimated g measurements is provided. It is based on forward gravity modelling utilising a high-resolution digital terrain model, the normal gravity and the complete Bouguer anomalies. The test shows that the error is only in the order of 10⁻³mm even if the sampling distance of g measurements is 4 km. As a component of the error sources of levelling, the ambiguity of the levelled height difference which is the Euclidean distance between the inclined equipotential surfaces is also investigated. Although its effect accumulated along the test line is almost zero, it reaches 0.15 mm in a 1-km-long intermediate section of the line.     

精密水准资料检查应注意的问题

通过对精密水准资料的二级检查,剔除其中的纰漏与错误,把一份完整、全面、优秀的资料交与上级部门。     

茂名城区GPS拟合高程精度的探讨

GPS控制网在联测水准点的基础上,利用GPS水准高程来实现GPS网点的大地高向正常高转换,其精度主要受所拟合的似大地水准面、已知点高程和GPS网点大地高3种误差的影响。     

GPS滑坡监测专用的Gquicks软件

介绍了Guicks软件的数学模型,Gquicks软件的结构和功能.经实测检测检验,当基准点与监测点之间距离在3km内,用20分钟GPS观测值,Gquicks软件解算的水平精度可达±2-3mm,垂直精度可达±4-6mm.Gquicks软件不仅适用于GPS滑坡变形监测,也可应用于其他变形监测领域.     

正交实验法在测绘中的应用

以检测数字水准仪及标尺综合精度为例，介绍了正交实验法在测绘领域中的应用。     

精密水准测量中重力改正的归算

传统水准测量是高精度水准测量的重要手段之一。文章基于DiNi电子水准仪测量数据,针对长距离、高精度水准测量高程的多值性,对水准面不平行改正和重力异常改正的原理进行详述。将其应用于某城市二等水准网平差计算中,证明了精密水准改正的有效性和必要性。     

一等水准点之记标准化与规范化研究

为保证一等水准点之记精度与质量,提高测绘人员野外工作效率,对目前的一等水准点之记进行了探讨与分析,指出了其详细位置图与点位,详细说明表达、标石断面图绘制和经纬度书写及交通路线描述中存在的缺点,并基于此提出了若干改进意见,这在一定程度上促进了一等水准点之记信息的标准化与规范化。