气象新闻图片拍摄技巧初探

在气象灾害频发的今天,人们对获取气象信息的需求更为强烈.气象新闻图片,是把气象信息及时、直观地传送到读者面前的重要手段,是气象新闻中不可或缺的一部分.结合日常新闻摄影实践,探讨气象新闻图片拍摄技巧和手法,对如何拍摄好气象新闻图片提出几点建议,以期提升气象新闻摄影工作水平.     

广西石油资源可供性预分析

文章介绍了广西石油资源及消费概况 ,特别是阐明石油资源不足的事实。提出实施石油勘探的战略性转移和开源节流的政策 ,抓住有利时机 ,进入国际石油市场     

Applying Sequential Fieldwork Skills Across Two International Field Courses

Abstract

This article addresses the development of a conceptual model of fieldwork practice and the creation of an associated set of skills for the geosciences. The set of eight generic and seventeen specific skills is applied in two international field courses to demonstrate the utility of such a skills-centered model across a broad range of venues, curricula, and students. Both concept and practice from U.K. and U.S. universities have been welded as a means of internationalizing curriculum development. Further, it is suggested that there is merit in faculty viewing their field teaching within the framework of the whole subject curriculum such that field courses and sites are viewed as much for their contribution to the overall skill set as their support for the classroom topic.     

水文气象研究进展

从面向流域的定量降水估测与预报、流域水文模型、水文气象耦合预报三个方面系统介绍水文气象研究进展。研究指出,融合天气雷达、卫星遥感及实况降水等多源信息是精细化定量降水估测产品的主要发展方向;采用多模式降水预报集成技术是提高定量降水预报精度的重要途径;分布式水文模型是流域水文模型的发展方向;引入定量降水预报的水文气象耦合预报模式可以延长洪水预报预见期,水文集合预报是水文预报方法的有效解决途径,而数值预报模式与水文模型的双向耦合模式是另一重要发展方向。     

气象短信编写技巧调研与研究

通过对气象短信编写技巧调研与研究,探讨了如何编写好气象短信,使其既抓住社会公众关注的热点天气问题,还要富有文采、贴近生活、具有新闻性。     

10～30 d延伸期预报研究进展和业务现状

10～30 d延伸期预报在气象业务发展和国民经济服务中具有重要的作用。本文回顾了关于延伸期预报的相关理论和技术研究进展,概要介绍了国内外开展延伸期预报业务现状;结合目前气象科技发展水平,进一步分析和阐述了现阶段我国开展延伸期预报业务亟待解决的关键技术问题,旨在共同探讨和推动延伸期预报业务的发展。     

天绘卫星影像室内判绘技术探讨

遥感影像判绘是摄影测量的基础技能,影像判读能力决定了地图成果的质量,本文结合多年的外业经验,从资料搜集利用、地物分层判读技巧等方面,对影像判读过程中遇到的困难和问题进行分析,结合判绘经验和技巧,提出解决的方法,以提升影像判绘能力。     

BCC S2S模式对亚洲夏季风准双周振荡预报评估

利用1994-2013年ERA-Interim及NCEP/NCAR再分析数据,对国家气候中心（BCC）次季节到季节尺度模式（S2S）1994-2013年的回报试验数据进行亚洲季风区准双周振荡（QBWO）预报能力评估,并诊断模式预报误差来源。结果表明:BCC S2S模式对QBWO的预报能力随着预报提前时间的增长而降低,9 d后预报技巧明显减弱,其周期、传播特征和强度出现误差;在提前9 d预报中,印度洋地区QBWO对流-环流系统结构松散,信号偏弱,对流向东传播,这与印度洋平均态的预报误差有关,夏季对流平均态低层水汽场在西太平洋和阿拉伯海较强,而东印度洋、孟加拉湾一带偏弱;西北太平洋地区QBWO具有向西北传播的特征,但强度偏弱,可能原因是预报低估了QBWO对流西北侧低层涡度的超前信号,经涡度方程诊断发现,地转涡度平流正贡献微弱,相对涡度平流在对流西北侧引发负涡度,从而减弱了对流西北侧由低层正涡度引发的有利条件。     

厄尔尼诺海区海温季节预测比较

利用奇异值分解方法建立多项线性统计气候预测模型,对厄尔尼诺海区各季节海温进行了短期气候预测试验,并采用历史资料独立样本检验的方法,评定不同预报时效的预报技巧。结果表明,不同海区各季节的预报效果相差很大。赤道西太平洋（ Ｎｉｎｏ ４区）有最高的可预报性,在夏季末做冬季海温预报的技巧最高,多数条件下,这个区域的预报性能比较稳定。以海温和南方涛动指数作因子场的预报效果最好,大部分预报以单季的海温和南方涛动指数为预报因子效果较好,但有些预报以连续２季或３季的海温和南方涛动指数作预报因子的预报效果更好。     

Shortage in the midst of plenty: Labour strategies in four Central and Eastern European cities

Labour shortage was an integral feature of the communist system of economic management and one that seemed most unlikely to persist in the face of systemic transformation. A casual examination of the unemployment rates that have emerged throughout most of Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) during the course of the past decade might suggest that this early assumption was correct. However, within the region the aggregate rate of joblessness, as well as the behaviour of national output, mask the fact that certain, major urban centres appear to have weathered well the storms caused by exposure to western markets and stringent fiscal and monetary policies. In these centres transformation has meant, to a greater or lesser degree, industrial modernisation and this begs the question of whether the human capital portfolios of the inherited labour force match up to the requirements of the new environment. This paper examines the meaning of the concept of labour shortage and presents the findings from a survey of employers in four leading cities of three major CEE economies designed to elicit if, and how, manpower requirements are being met in the present climate. The results indicate that, somewhat paradoxically, labour shortage persists in the more flexible markets of the post-communist era and that firms do not expect the situation to change radically in the near future. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.