农村土地承包经营权流转的法律问题思考

随着农业和农村经济的发展,特别是农业产业化经营的兴起和农村劳动力转移的推进,农村土地承包经营权流转速度明显加快,规模不断扩大。该文论述了我国农村土地承包经营权流转的现状,针对目前农村土地承包经营权流转过程中出现的问题,从现行的法律体系中寻找解决思路,并对现行法律中的不足之处,提出了改良建议。     

意大利产业区重组：集团化、创新与国际化

近30 a来,意大利产业区成为西方学术界研究的热点与争论焦点。传统的意大利产业区模式主要强调中小企业为主的＂弹性专业化＂生产系统与本地社区的嵌入性。在全球化与知识经济的宏观背景下,意大利产业区正在经历一系列的以集团化、创新与国际化为主要特征的产业重组过程：产业区的组织结构开始由中小企业为主的＂弹性专业化＂生产系统向＂产...     

The dilemma of conducting research back in your own country as a returning student – reflections of research fieldwork in Zimbabwe

The research process is more like finding one's way through a complex maze. 'Home is where the heart is', but foreign students face a number of problems upon their return home to do research. This paper chronicles the dilemma of a Zimbabwean student conducting fieldwork for his UK-based doctoral studies in his own country. The dilemmas were critical in that the fieldwork was undertaken during the 'Zimbabwe crisis' and the inherent problems of researching government-related organisations. This has a bearing on any research process and invokes use of the etic/emic dilemma. This paper contributes to the gaps and growing literature on methods and techniques for conducting qualitative research in human geography.     

Using housing estates as conservation tools: A case study in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Increasing transformation and fragmentation of rural landscapes for economic reasons is causing concern to conservationists worldwide. With this trend likely to continue, perhaps conservation agencies and development corporations need to co-operate and plan housing developments that are environmentally and ecologically sustainable and can serve as refuges for endangered species. In KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, grasslands are particularly threatened by land transformation for housing developments. A case study is presented of a housing development, Wedgewood Estate in KwaZulu-Natal that has been developed and managed for conserving grassland habitat and associated species, particularly the endangered oribi (Ourebia ourebi). Feedback from the Estate's managers about the development and ecological impact were obtained. Wedgewood is an example of the viability of housing estates as refuges for endangered species and shows that the density and placement of housing and management of the natural habitat are important. It emphasizes the need for reviewing the types and amount of housing development, management of natural habitat, and the rules and regulations they put in place to assure the integrity of the conservancy is preserved. This case study also shows the potential of such ecologically sensitive housing developments as sources of surplus game for translocation, especially in the case of endangered species such as oribi.     

Measuring spatial accessibility to primary care in rural areas: Improving the effectiveness of the two-step floating catchment area method

Quantifying spatial accessibility in relation to the provision of rural health services has proven difficult. This article critically appraises the two-step floating catchment area (2SFCA) method, a recent solution for measuring primary care service accessibility across rural areas of Victoria, Australia. The 2SFCA method is demonstrated to have two fundamental shortcomings – specifically the use of only one catchment size for all populations, and secondly the assumption that proximity is undifferentiated within a catchment (especially problematic when the catchment is large). Despite its advantages over simple population-to-provider ratios, the 2SFCA method needs to be used with caution.     

The labour-market impact of migration to rural areas

An economic audit of the labour-market impact of in-migration to rural Scotland provides evidence that migrants make rather than take jobs. A survey of 689 households in six study areas selected from across rural Scotland provides the basis for examining the scale and nature of job growth associated with in-migration. Job multipliers are calculated by migrant type and by economic sector.     

中国东部沿海地区乡村发展类型及其乡村性评价

在界定农业主导、工业主导、商旅服务和均衡发展四个乡村发展类型的基础上,对中国东部沿海地区的乡村发展类型进行了划分.基于乡村对社会具有的功能构建了乡村性指数(RI)以刻划不同发展类型的乡村性强弱,并对东部沿海地区各发展类型的乡村性进行了评价.结果表明:东部沿海地区57.6%的县市一、二、三产业得到均衡发展:农业主导、工业主导和商旅服务业主导的发展地域类型分别占总面积的18.64%、11.99%和11.75%:农业主导乡村发展类型中乡村性较强(RI>0.5)的地域占到59.1%:工业主导乡村发展类型中乡村性弱(RI<0.4)和居中(0.4相似文献   

面向空心村综合整治的农村土地资源配置探析

如何通过空心村综合整治实现农村土地资源的合理配置,是构建城乡发展一体化新格局所要面对和解决的重大问题。本文通过梳理空心村整治和农村土地资源配置的概念内涵,明晰了新型城镇化、乡村重构、空心村整治和农村土地资源配置之间的内在关联;根据不同空心村整治类型例证了农村土地资源配置模式,并提出面向空心村整治的农村土地资源配置的市场化及制度保障措施。结果表明：空心村整治的实质是实现以农村土地要素为载体的要素有序流动及其优化配置,乡村重构和空心村整治互为理论依据和推动途径,空心村整治和新型城镇化互为重要内容和研究背景,新型城镇化和乡村重构则互为政策推力和实现方法;对应于空心村综合整治途径,将农村土地资源配置分为城乡一体型、中心社区型和就地改良型3种模式;当前需要发挥市场对农村土地资源配置的决定性作用,重点改革土地征收制度、土地承包经营权流转制度、宅基地流转制度和农村土地退出制度,完善户籍制度、社会保障制度和税费制度,从而有效提升农村土地利用效率。