微型钢管-旋喷复合桩在软土区的试验研究

软土地质条件下的既有建筑物地基基础加固或改造面临诸多复杂条件,施工安全和周边环境保护尤为重要,为此提出微型钢管--旋喷复合桩工艺。通过开展微型钢管--旋喷复合桩各项承载力现场试验研究,获取钢管桩应变数据,分析其承载特性及传力机制,总结提出微型钢管--旋喷复合桩承载力设计计算公式,为开展工程应用提供理论依据。     

GW-40型大口径全液压履带式工程钻机

介绍了ＧＷ－４０型大口径全液压履带式工程钻机的研制情况,技术参数,主要先进技术,以及型式检与生产试验等特点。     

Calibration and modification of energy dissipation models for irregular wave breaking

This study is undertaken to recalibrate eight existing energy dissipation models and find out the suitable models, which can be used to compute H_rms for a wide range of experimental conditions. The examination shows that the coefficients in the existing models are not the optimal values for a wide range of experimental conditions. Using the new calibrated coefficients, all existing models can be used for computing H_rms and the model of Battjes, J.A., Stive, M.J.F. [1985. Calibration and verification of a dissipation model for random breaking waves. Journal of Geophysical Research 90 (C5), 9159–9167] gives the best predictions. The existing models are also modified by changing the breaker height formulas in the dissipation models. The accuracy of most existing models is improved significantly by using the suitable breaker height formula.     

Influence of limited soil on the root distribution and anchorage of Vitex negundo L.

Field pull-out and laboratory tests were applied to investigate the effect of metal bolts and wire netting on plant root distribution and anchorage characteristics of 9-year-old Vitex negundo L. growing on a weakly weathered rocky slope (38°). Root number, length and diameter were recorded and single root specimens were classified and tested for tensile strength. The results show that root anchorage is different between the two constructions by bolts and wire. Under limited soil condition, root anchorage ability is 80% lower than when there is sufficient soil due to the reduction of the diameter and number of all second-order lateral roots, as well as the reduction of the tensile strength of the embedded second-order and first-order lateral roots on limited soil. We conclude that the distribution and anchorage of Vitex negundo L. is affected by limited soil availability on rocky slopes.     

Tree species biomass and carbon stock measurement using ground based-LiDAR

This study scrutinises the use of terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) to measure diameter at breast height (DBH) and tree height at individual tree species level. LiDAR point cloud scans are collected from uniformly defined control points. The result of processed TLS data demonstrates the precise measurements of tree height and DBH by comparing it with field data (DBH, tree height, tree species and location). The average tree height and DBH obtained through TLS measurements were 9.44?m and 43.30?cm, respectively. A linear equation between TLS derived parameters and field measured values were established, which gave the coefficient of determination (r2) of 0.79 and 0.96 for tree height and DBH, respectively. Further, these parameters were used to calculate above ground biomass (AGB) for individual tree species by considering a non-destructive approach. The total AGB and carbon stock from 80 different trees are computed to be 49.601 and 22.320?tonnes, respectively.     

对深孔大口径取心钻探工艺的一些认识——以WFSD-2号孔0～897.66 m段施工为例

深孔大口径取心钻探,钻孔口径大、地层复杂、钻孔结构复杂、深孔段效率低,钻进工艺尚不成熟,钻探工程难度较大。结合WFSD-2号孔0～897.66 m段施工情况,介绍了施工中存在的主要问题及采取的主要技术措施;对各种施工工艺、技术方法进行了对比分析,提出了建议。     

短期威胁小行星

为更明确近地小行星撞击地球威胁的监测预警需求, 提出了"短期威胁小行星"的概念, 即未来100yr内可能对地球造成撞击威胁且等效直径大于10m的近地小行星. 以目前已发现的756颗短期威胁小行星为基础, 分析短期威胁小行星的轨道分布特点, 研究显示其与一般近地小行星的轨道分布存在差异, 短期威胁小行星的轨道半长轴更集中于1au, 轨道面更集中于黄道面. 基于近地小行星的数量模型, 初步建立了短期威胁小行星的数量估计模型, 并预估了未来100yr内存在撞击可能的短期威胁小行星的总体数量. 短期威胁小行星的特定研究对制定近地小行星搜巡监测策略有重要意义.     

裘布依地下水井流计算公式有关问题讨论

在长期的实际工作中发现,抽水井口径对抽水试验成果存在较大影响、传统的裘布依井流公式对井涌水量和水文地质参数计算结果与实际情况偏差较大。本文以不同水文地质条件下岩溶含水层中井抽水试验成果资料为依据,通过统计分析,揭示了井径与井涌水量以及含水层水文参数计算成果之间的相关关系,探讨了裘布依井流计算公式在理论和实践上存在的问题...     

基于大直径霍普金森压杆数值试验的非均匀介质动态破坏过程分析

基于细观损伤力学基础而开发的动态岩石破裂过程分析系统RFPA2D代替大直径SHPB试验技术对非均匀介质的动态破坏过程和动态性能进行数值模拟,分析了加载波形和介质的非均匀性对数值试样的动态性能,如应力-时间曲线、应变-时间曲线、应力-应变曲线和应变率-时间曲线的影响。分析表明,大直径SHPB弥散效应对试验结果的影响较大,选择合适的加载波形可以减小SHPB装置中应力波的弥散效应,得到较准确的试验结果,其中三角形波加载可以有效降低大直径SHPB动态测试中的应力波弥散,是岩石等非均匀材料SHPB动态测试的较理想加载波形;在相同加载条件下,岩石的非均匀性对波的弥散效应影响不大,但非均匀岩石的试验曲线比均匀岩石的曲线在波峰后都出现较大的振荡,这主要是由于不同均质度的岩石其单元具有不同的破坏分布造成的,不是波形弥散造成的。