PCA-BP神经网络在SO2浓度预报中的应用

将基于主成分分析(PCA)的BP神经网络预报方法引入大气污染预报,建立SO2浓度预报模型.结果表明:应用主成分分析对数据进行前处理,以原始预报因子的主成分作为BP神经网络的输入,降低了数据维数,消除了样本间存在的相关性,大大加快了BP神经网络的收敛速度.对模型进行预报验证,预报值与实际值之间的绝对误差为0.0098,预报值与实际值的相关系数达到0.885,得到较好的预报效果.并且比一般的BP神经网络模型具有较高的拟合和预报精度.     

一次罕见冰雹天气的多普勒雷达回波分析

运用多普勒雷达的基本反射率(R)、风暴相对径向速度(SRM)、垂直积分液态含水量(VIL)等产品,分析了2004年6月20日华北南部罕见的冰雹大风天气过程。结果表明:这次冰雹大风天气过程主要是由超级单体回波中的中尺度气旋引起的;该过程持续时间比较长的原因是“指状”回波和超级单体回波的依次发生、发展。     

山西省多普勒雷达非降水回波应用研究

本文研究了多普勒天气雷达速度图上非降水回波（不包括地物回波）的空间结构，并对太原雷达站业务运行以来多普勒天气雷达观测到的“非降水回波”的速度特征进行了深入、系统的分析。发现由大气湍流和云滴后向散射所致的非降水回波，虽然强度很弱，但其速度回波却代表了环境风的三维结构，对临近预报有5h～7h的提前量，为临近预报提供了一种新的有效手段。     

BP神经网络模型在重庆伏旱预测中的应用研究

采用气象要素定义伏旱指数，利用小波分析等方法分析重庆地区伏旱变化特征，最后采用BP神经网络模型对伏旱进行预测试验，结果表明，重庆伏旱变化具有明显的阶段性特征，而基于BP神经网络模型的伏旱预测模型预测效果良好，可以应用于实际预测。     

Neuro‐control of seismically excited steel structure through sensitivity evaluation scheme

The neuro‐controller training algorithm based on cost function is applied to a multi‐degree‐of‐freedom system; and a sensitivity evaluation algorithm replacing the emulator neural network is proposed. In conventional methods, the emulator neural network is used to evaluate the sensitivity of structural response to the control signal. To use the emulator, it should be trained to predict the dynamic response of the structure. Much of the time is usually spent on training of the emulator. In the proposed algorithm, however, it takes only one sampling time to obtain the sensitivity. Therefore, training time for the emulator is eliminated. As a result, only one neural network is used for the neuro‐control system. In the numerical example, the three‐storey building structure with linear and non‐linear stiffness is controlled by the trained neural network. The actuator dynamics and control time delay are considered in the simulation. Numerical examples show that the proposed control algorithm is valid in structural control. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

An experimental study of sapped drainage network development

In a basin developed on a stream table, effluent subsurface flow supported a channel network that evolved by a combination of headward growth, lateral widening and divide decay. The area occupied by the developing network increased with time. Circularity was used to characterize network evolution which occurred in three phases (initiation, extension and abstraction). Basin sediment discharge declined exponentially with time. Pronounced quasi-cyclic variability was superimposed upon this general trend. Some of the variability was directly linked to changes in the amount of sediment supplied to the channel. The variation of mean network sediment yield (mean sediment discharge scaled by network area) with time adequately described the general decline in sediment discharge as the network evolved.     

Broadband synthetic aperture borehole radar interferometry

Trials in mines have established that wideband VHF borehole radars (BHR), working in the 10–100-MHz band, can be used to probe the rockmass between boreholes over ranges from <5 m to as much as 150 m with submeter resolution. There is evidence that ore bodies reflect these radar signals both specularly and diffusely, much as the ground/air interface does when overflown by synthetic aperture radar (SAR). In both SAR and BHR, multiple flight lines, together with diffuse reflections admit the possibility of developing interferometric 3D images of the object. This paper examines the possibility of imaging buried objects in three dimensions by interferometrically combining broadband VHF borehole radar profiles shot in adjacent pairs of boreholes. Broadbanding in BHR has the advantage of releasing the image from 2nπ phase ambiguities, but practically, interferometric borehole radar (InBHR) needs high signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) to avoid noise capture. This means that 3D InBHR is limited to ranges in wavelengths which are less than the rock's attenuation factor Q. Interferometric methods are developed which are capable of mapping ore bodies and other structures in three dimensions. Tangent plane migration methods are developed here in order to reconstruct surfaces that lie in the near-field of sparse interferometric arrays.     

山西数字与模拟地震台网的资料对比研究

山西数字遥测地震台网于2000年10月1日投入考核运行，为使数字遥测地震台网与模拟地震台网测定的时、空、强地震参数顺利接轨，尽快发挥数字资料在日常工作中的效益，将山西数字遥测地震台网产出的资料与模拟地震台网产出的资料作了全面细致的对比分析，研究了它们之间的相关程度、一致性、差异性。结果表明，数字地震观测系统比模拟地震观测系统具有更高的拴震率，得出山西数字遥测地震台网产出的资料与模拟地震台网产出资料相关性较好、定位结果在误差范围之内、符合《数字地震及前兆观测技术规范》要求的结论。     

EQT目录、双差定位及震源机制解输入文件的生成

介绍一个用DELPHI语言编写的用来处理大规模数据的程序,主要用来生成EQT目录文件、双差定位和震源机制解的输入文件.     

风廓线雷达资料在暴雨天气过程特征分析中的应用

为了研究风廓线雷达在暴雨天气过程预报中的作用,对2008年6月1日至6月2日云南大理发生的一次暴雨过程进行研究。结果表明,降水前三维风的脉动变化较大,水平风在垂直方向上存在风速切变,最大探测高度明显升高;降水期间可以对降水性质进行判断;降水期间功率谱密度出现双峰谱,能测出垂直气流速度及下降粒子速度,通过这样的分析,便于开展更深层次的降水物理过程研究。