CaCl_2对KAlSi_3O_8-CaSO_4-CaCO_3反应体系的影响研究

通过CaCl2添加剂对KAlSi3O8-CaSO4-CaCO3体系研究反应温度和反应时间的影响研究,结果表明:随着CaCl2加入量的增多,体系的反应温度下降,反应时间缩短,当CaCl2的加入量为10%时,反应温度可降至1000℃,反应时间降至25min,此时KAlSi3O8的转化率仍可高达83.24%。研究CaCl2的加入对KAlSi3O8-CaSO4-CaCO3反应体系动力学过程的影响,得出反应体系符合金斯特林格动力学方程:FK(G)=1-2/3G-(1-G)2/3=KKt,反应受扩散过程控制,计算出当CaCl2的加入量为10%时,体系的表观活化能可从原来的128.921kJ/mol下降至58.320kJ/mol。     

Deciphering the depositional environment of the laminated Crato fossil beds (Early Cretaceous,Araripe Basin,North‐eastern Brazil)

The laminated limestones of the Early Cretaceous Crato Formation of the Araripe Basin (North‐eastern Brazil) are world‐famous for their exceptionally well‐preserved and taxonomically diverse fossil fauna and flora. Whereas the fossil biota has received considerable attention, only a few studies have focused on the sedimentary characteristics and palaeoenvironmental conditions which prevailed during formation of the Crato Fossil Lagerstätte. The Nova Olinda Member represents the lowermost and thickest unit (up to 10 m) of the Crato Formation and is characterized by a pronounced rhythmically bedded, pale to dark lamination. To obtain information on palaeoenvironmental conditions, sample slabs derived from three local stratigraphic sections within the Araripe Basin were studied using high‐resolution multiproxy techniques including detailed logging, petrography, μ‐XRF scanning and stable isotope geochemistry. Integration of lithological and petrographic evidence indicates that the bulk of the Nova Olinda limestone formed via authigenic precipitation of calcite from within the upper water column, most probably induced and/or mediated by phytoplankton and picoplankton activity. A significant contribution from a benthonic, carbonate‐secreting microbial mat community is not supported by these results. Deposition took place under anoxic and, at least during certain episodes, hypersaline bottom water conditions, as evidenced by the virtually undisturbed lamination pattern, the absence of a benthonic fauna and by the occurrence of halite pseudomorphs. Input of allochthonous, catchment‐derived siliciclastics to the basin during times of laminite formation was strongly reduced. The δ¹⁸O values of authigenic carbonate precipitates (between ?7·1 and ?5·1‰) point to a ¹⁸O‐poor meteoric water source and support a continental freshwater setting for the Nova Olinda Member. The δ¹³C values, which are comparatively rich in ¹³C (between ?0·1 and +1·9‰), are interpreted to reflect reduced throughflow of water in a restricted basin, promoting equilibration with atmospheric CO₂, probably in concert with stagnant conditions and low input of soil‐derived carbon. Integration of lithological and isotopic evidence indicates a shift from closed to semi‐closed conditions towards a more open lake system during the onset of laminite deposition in the Crato Formation.     

4D architecture and tectonic evolution of the Laverton region,eastern Yilgarn Craton,Western Australia

The Laverton region, located in the eastern Yilgarn Craton (EYC) Western Australia, is second only to the Kalgoorlie region for gold endowment. The integration of high-density, potential-field data, regional- and camp-scale seismic reflection data, regional- and mine-scale structural analysis, and geochronologically-constrained stratigraphy, provided new insights into the 4D architecture and tectonic evolution of Laverton region.     

充气欠平衡钻井液技术在DP4井水平段的应用

DP4井是中石化华北分公司在鄂尔多斯盆地大牛地气田布置的一口充气欠平衡水平井,该井目的层为盒1段,地层压系数较低,压力系数范围0．83—0．99（平均0．93）,为了有效保护气层,DP4井水平段全过程采用了充气欠平衡钻井工艺技术。欠平衡钻井工艺采用充气钻井液技术,通过该工艺在DP4井的实施,在盒1气层保护上取得较大成功。主要介绍了充气欠平衡钻井液技术的技术工艺、实施过程和现场实施情况,并对充气欠平衡钻井液技术在该井实施效果进行了分析评价。     

Spatial and seasonal variation of major ions in Himalayan snow and ice: A source consideration

The spatial and temporal variation of major ions (Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Na⁺, K⁺, , , and Cl⁻) in Himalayan snow and ice is investigated by using two snow pits from the East Rongbuk glacier (28°01′N, 86°58′E, 6500 m a.s.l.), one snow pit from the Nangpai Gosum glacier (28°03′N, 86°39′E, 5700 m a.s.l.), one snow pit from the Gyabrag glacier (28°11′N, 86°38′E, 6303 m a.s.l.), and three ice cores from the Sentik (35°59′N, 75°58′E, 4908 m a.s.l.), Dasuopu (28°33′N, 85°44′E, 7000 m a.s.l.), and East Rongbuk (27°59′N, 86°55′E, 6450 m a.s.l.) glaciers, respectively. In general, the major ions show a significant seasonal variation, with high concentrations during the non-monsoon (pre-monsoon and post-monsoon) season and relatively low concentrations during the monsoon season. Monsoon precipitation with high local/regional dust loading related to summer circulation is possibly responsible for the high concentrations occurring sporadically during the monsoon season. The crest of the Himalayas is an effective barrier to the spatial distribution of Na⁺, Cl⁻ and concentrations, but not to the major ions associated with dust influx (e.g. Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺). Atmospheric backward trajectories from the HYSPLIT_4 model used in identifying chemical species sourcing suggest that the major ions in the Himalayan snow and ice come mainly from the Thar Desert located in the North India, as well as West Asia, or even the distant Sahara Desert in the North Africa during the winter and spring seasons. This is different from the conventionally assumed arid and semi-arid regions of the central Asia. Factors, such as different vapor sources due to atmospheric circulation patterns and geographical features (e.g. altitude, topography), may contribute to the differences in major ionic concentrations between the western and eastern Himalayas.     

Définition et datation de la Formation de Venaco (Corse) : dépôt d’origine gravitaire d’âge Priabonien

Priabonian age is highlighted for the first time in Corsica in the Venaco Formation using the presence of specific microfauna (in particular some representatives of Turborotalia cerroazulensis lineage). This silicoclastic formation is mainly represented by coarse facies. It is composed of three members from south to north and from oldest towards youngest: member of Uboli, Cardo and Orsu. The sedimentologic analysis reveals a gravity depositional environment, involving different type of currents. Sedimentologic and chronologic characteristics make the Venaco Formation and the Annot Formation (p.p.) equivalent. Dating the Venaco Fm. brings confirmation that the green schist metamorphism of the Variscan batholith and the related deformation are from the pre-Priabonian period.     

新显色剂四-(3-磺基-4-氯苯基)卟啉分光光度法测定微量铜

研究了新显色剂四-(3-磺基-4-氯苯基)卟啉在微酸性介质中,表面活性剂OP与CPC存在下测定微量铜的显色反应。络合物在波长420 nm处有最大吸收峰,摩尔吸光度系数为3.44×105L·mol-1cm-1,用双峰双波长光度法测定摩尔吸光系数为6.72×105L·mol-1·cm-1,铜含量在0.5~4.5μg/25 m L范围内符合比耳定律。方法应用于矿样中微量铜的测定,结果令人满意。     

漂浮通量箱法和扩散模型法测定内陆水体CH_4和N_2O排放通量的初步比较研究

采用漂浮通量箱法和扩散模型法同步地观测了模拟内陆水体在不同条件下的CH4和N2O的水-气交换通量,旨在比较两类方法取得结果的异同。结果显示:这两类方法所测得的绝大多数CH4排放通量都与水中溶解氧呈显著线性负相关(显著性系数P0.001)。同时N2O排放通量与表层水温及水中铵态氮、硝态氮、溶解碳和溶解氧的关系可用包含所有上述水环境因素的Arrhenius动力学方程来表达,这些因素可以共同解释86%~90%的N2O通量变化(P0.0001),且不同方法测定的N2O通量的表观活化能和对表层水温的敏感系数分别介于47~59 kJ mol-1和1.92~2.27之间;扩散模型法所获得的CH4和N2O通量分别是箱法测定值的13%~175%和15%~240%,差异程度因模型而异;不同模型取得通量间相差20%~1200%,平均相差2.3倍。上述结果表明:仅用一种模型方法来取得CH4或N2O排放通量易形成较大偏差;不同扩散模型法和箱法测定的通量在反映CH4和N2O排放的内在规律方面具有一致性,但它们对真实气体通量的测量是否都存在不同程度的系统误差,尚需进一步研究。     

基于SaaS的区域非职业体育赛事云服务平台的设计与实现

与传统软件架构模式相比,云计算具有综合成本较低、部署快速、规模调整灵活等优势,针对区域非职业体育赛事在信息采集、组织管理、赛果处理与发布等赛事运营、组织、管理等方面存在的不足,从平台构建的可行性、架构与功能等方面,讨论并实现了一种基于SaaS模式的非职业体育赛事云服务平台,最后从使用效益等方面总结该平台对于提升区域非职业体育赛事组织与管理所取得的促进作用。     

Trophic ecology of Pomatoschistus microps within an intertidal bay (Roscoff,France), investigated through gut content and stable isotope analyses

The diet of Pomatoschistus microps has been studied using both gut content and stable isotope analyses. In the Roscoff Aber Bay (Brittany, France), this fish is commonly found on sandy muddy intertidal flats. Gut content analyses were also interpreted using trophic indices. Owing to the large diversity of prey consumed, these indices emphasised the opportunistic feeding behaviour of P. microps. Here, this species fed mainly on endofauna with meiofauna being of high relative importance. The main biotic components of its trophic habitat, characterized by δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N, provided evidence of a major trophic pathway based on drift Enteromorpha sp. Trophic positions estimated by both diet analyses and isotopic analyses led to similar results. In this bay, P. microps is a first‐order predator with a low degree of omnivory. Despite a preferential consumption of the amphipod Corophium arenarium, we assumed that this goby behaves as a generalist feeding on a uniform variety of endofauna taxa.