重庆吴家湾铝土矿矿床地质特征及控矿因素探讨

重庆吴家湾铝土矿产于中二叠统梁山组（P2l）之下,呈假整合覆于中志留统韩家店组粉砂质页岩或中石炭统黄龙组灰岩之上。矿体产状与地层产状基本致,铝土矿呈土状、豆（鲕状）、致密块状、砾屑状。一水硬铝石为主要矿石矿物。控制铝土矿形成的主要因素为古环境、地形地貌、构造位置和地层。     

川西北中二叠统栖霞组白云岩储层特征及控制因素

本文以四川盆地西北部钻井岩心及露头剖面样品的镜下岩石学特征为基础,以微区多参数实验分析数据为依据,对四川盆地西北部中二叠统栖霞组白云岩储层进行了研究。认为栖霞组白云岩储层类型主要为结晶型白云岩及残余颗粒型白云岩。储集空间主要为晶间孔、晶间溶孔、粒间孔、溶蚀孔洞以及裂缝。白云岩储层的发育主要受到沉积微相、早期白云石化作用、晚期白云石化作用、溶蚀作用以及构造作用等因素控制。其中浅滩沉积微相是储层形成的环境基础;早期白云石化作用是储层保存的重要条件;溶蚀作用及构造裂缝是储层改善的关键因素;而晚期白云石的生成则对储集空间有一定的破坏作用。     

Two- and three-dimensional bearing-capacity solutions for footings on two-layered clays

In this paper, finite element analysis is used to predict the undrained bearing capacity of strip, square and circular footings resting on layered clays. The soil profile consists of two clay layers with different thicknesses and properties. The results are compared with previous solutions for strip footings on layered clays. The bearing-capacity behaviour is discussed and the bearing-capacity factors are given for various cases involving a range of layer thicknesses and properties of the two clay soil layers.     

Reliability of shallow foundations designed against bearing failure using LRFD

Worldwide, there is growing interest in the development of a rational reliability-based geotechnical design code. The reasons for this interest are at least two-fold; first, geotechnical engineers face significantly more uncertainties than those faced in other fields of engineering, therefore there is a need to properly characterize and deal with these uncertainties. Second, for decades, structural engineers have used a reliability-based design code, and there is a need to develop the same for geotechnical engineers, in order that the two groups can ‘speak the same language’. This paper develops a theoretical model to predict the probability that a shallow foundation will exceed its supporting soil's bearing capacity. The footing is designed using characteristic soil properties (cohesion and friction angle) derived from a single sample, or ‘core’, taken in the vicinity of the footing, and used in a load and resistance factor design approach. The theory predicting failure probability is validated using a two-dimensional random finite element method analysis of a strip footing. Agreement between theory and simulation is found to be very good. Therefore, the theory can be used with confidence to perform risk assessments of foundation designs and develop resistance factors for use in code provisions.     

Reliability analysis of strength of cement treated soils

The design strength of cement treated soils and its variability are influenced by various contributing factors such as inherent variability of the soft ground as well as variations in the quantities of the additives used for improvement. To consider these variations, geotechnical designs use the factor of safety approach. This paper shows that the reliability-based analysis enables a rational choice of a design strength value for the cement-stabilised soft soil, considering the variations in the influencing input parameters in an appropriate manner. An approach for identifying the important variables governing the strength behaviour of improved soft soils is also illustrated.     

河东煤田三交区块水文地质条件控气的正负耦合效应

煤层气的开采受多种地质因素的影响,不同区块的主控因素各不相同.山西河东煤田三交区块构造简单,煤岩渗透率和临储比相对其他区块较优,含气性良好,是煤层气开采的优势区块,但是区内不同气井产气量却相差很大.结合现场排采井采出水的水质分析实验与stiff图解法,综合分析各种地质因素,认为水文条件是该区块控气的主要因素,且水文地质控气存在着正负效应耦合的特殊性,合理分析水文地质特征是成功开采煤层气的关键所在.     

Testing and evaluation of strength and deformation behaviour of jointed rocks

The objective of the paper is to derive the strength and modulus properties of rockmass as a function of intact rock strength and joint factor. The joint factor reflects the combined effect of joint frequency, joint inclination and joint strength. A study for the strength and deformation characteristics of jointed rock is done by conducting standard laboratory tests on cylindrical specimens of plaster of Paris after introducing artificial joints. The specimens having one to four joints at different inclinations which vary from 0° to 90° were tested at different confining conditions. The test results were examined to understand the effect of joint frequency and joint inclination on the strength and deformation behaviour of rock mass. Empirical correlations were developed for prediction of the uniaxial compressive strength and elastic modulus of jointed rocks. Results are compared with the earlier work on jointed specimens covering a wide variety of rocks. So, knowing the intact rock properties and the joint factor, the jointed rock properties can be estimated. These relations can be used for developing an equivalent continuum model for rock mass for handling boundary value problems. A failure criterion as proposed by Ramamurthy (1993 Ramamurthy, T. 1993. “Strength and modulus response of anisotropic rocks”. In Comprehensive rock engineering, Edited by: Hudson, J.A. Vol. 1, 313–329. Oxford: Pergamon Press.  [Google Scholar]) has been validated from these experimental results.     

Effect of shape on holding capacity of plate anchors buried in soft soil

Plate anchor is one of the most common varieties of anchors used in the construction and maintenance work of various on-land and offshore structures. An accurate estimation of the uplift capacity of anchor foundations is necessary for an economical design as well as for the safety and stability of structures. This paper outlines the effect of shape of anchor plates on their breakout capacity, through a series of model tests. Both shallow and deep anchor behaviours were investigated under conditions developing suction force and without suction force. The results of these tests are presented in terms of load-displacement behaviour, variation of breakout factors (with and without suction force) with depth of embedment, the critical embedment depth of anchors and variation of suction force with embedment ratio. Further, the variations of breakout factor ratio with aspect ratio and embedment ratio are reported. Based on the experimental results and the model test results of other investigators an empirical relationship has been suggested to determine the shape factor and holding capacity of plate anchors buried in saturated cohesive soils.     

四川康定捧塔乡金平电站滑坡成因分析

2010年6月14日23：30左右,四川省甘孜州康定捧塔乡金平电站施工现场在无征兆情况下突发了山体滑坡,致使临时施工营地工棚被掩埋,共造成23人死亡,7人受伤。通过对滑坡形成的地质条件分析,认为滑坡形成的山体斜坡的地形坡度42°～45°是控制滑坡形成的临空条件;滑坡松散体是滑坡形成的物质基础,致使滑坡滑动的诱发因素是连续强降雨。建议在地质灾害频发区实行资格准入和监测预警制度,避免滑坡、泥石流等地质灾害发生时致人群死群伤事件的发生。     

高松山金矿床控矿因素及找矿模型

高松山金矿床位于伊春一延寿地槽褶皱系北段,是小兴安岭-张广才岭金及多金属成矿带中新发现的一个大型金矿床。文章从成矿地质背景、矿床地质特征等入手,分析了矿床的控矿因素,认为该矿床受地层、岩性、构造等因素控制;在综合研究的基础上,建立了高松山金矿综合找矿模型。