利用位相光栅彩色编码增强遥感图象中线性构造和环形构造的影象信息

本文根据付里叶变换光学原理,对陆地卫星图象进行位相光栅编码,再在白光信息处理系统中滤波解调,使黑白图象彩色化并具有边缘增强效果。据此对吉林省中西部5幅卫片处理后,突出了线性构造和环形构造的影象信息,收到了可喜的地质解译效果。     

A numerical study on the long term thermo-poroelastic effects of cold water injection into naturally fractured geothermal reservoirs

The residing fracture system and the prevailing in situ stresses have a significant impact on fluid flow and heat transfer in crystalline rocks. The long term response of fracture systems to changes in effective stresses, in particular the long term geo-mechanical effects of thermal stresses on reservoir characteristics is of particular interest to the geothermal industry.     

大亚湾日本对虾放流技术和增殖效果研究

1992年至1994年在大亚湾开展了日本对虾Penaeusjaponicus的放流增殖研究,以探讨恢复业已衰退资源的可行性。标志放流体长53—109mm的日本对虾11188尾,生产性放流体长20—41mm的日本对虾苗640万尾。放流增殖效果明显,标志放流的回捕率为2．91％,生产性放流的回捕率为9．3％。大亚湾内放流的日本对虾,不作季节性远距离洄游,只作季节性短距离的浅水-深水区移动。     

地理国情普查遥感正射影像制作关键技术研究

遥感影像作为地理国情普查生产的主要基础影像数据源,其正射影像制作过程的关键技术控制,是普查任务正确、顺利开展的基本保障,本文对这些关键技术进行了研究和分析。     

戈壁浅覆盖区花岗岩中锂铍伟晶岩的ASTER遥感识别技术 ——以新疆镜儿泉地区为例

锂铍金属是国家战略关键金属资源,花岗岩-伟晶岩型是锂铍矿床的重要类型,是锂铍矿找矿的重要目标体,遥感是寻找与发现花岗岩与伟晶岩的有效方法。但是,对于花岗岩体中的伟晶岩,由于其与花岗岩在光谱信息差异微小而不易识别。为了解决此问题,文章选择东疆戈壁覆盖的镜儿泉花岗岩开展锂铍伟晶岩的遥感识别研究,采用的数据与方法包括:谷歌地球/奥维等遥感图片的分析、WORLDVIEW遥感的增强处理与ASTER遥感的岩性识别与提取,结果显示谷歌地球/奥维遥感图片与WORLDVIEW遥感图片对镜儿泉花岗岩中伟晶岩脉的识别效果不好。为了识别锂铍伟晶岩,文章采用了一种岩性微弱信号增强技术对ASTER遥感数据进行识别,经过处理后的图像可以清楚地识别出伟晶岩脉体、并于野外查证时发现了一处新的锂铍伟晶岩脉体。结果表明利用岩性微弱信号增强技术进行岩性识别是花岗岩中锂铍伟晶岩找矿一种新的有效方法。     

遥感图像薄云滤波增强

针对遥感图像地学应用中的云层覆盖问题,首先介绍了遥感图像去云处理的一般方法,然后重点研究了薄云覆盖图像的滤波增强技术和实现方法。在阐述传统的同态滤波算法的基础上,将高频增强滤波算法引入薄云区遥感图像增强处理中。试验表明,这两种方法均可取得良好的增强效果。     

滤波技术在煤田断层精细检测中的应用

中值滤波技术可以有效地去除随机噪声,增强水平同相轴的连续性,但其未考虑地层倾角的变化.断层/边缘增强滤波技术考虑到地层倾角的变化因素,能够突出细微差别,改善低信噪比资料,显著提高地震剖面质量.实践证明,断层/边缘增强滤波技术能更加突出地层接触关系,可以有效提高小断层的解释精度,提高煤田三维地震勘探资料解释的精度和准确性.     

增殖放流影响下东海北部海域三疣梭子蟹(Portunus trituberculatus)最大可持续产量评估

当渔业资源出现衰退时,加强资源增殖放流以养护渔业资源、提高渔业产量对于渔业资源可持续利用具有重要意义;与此同时,增殖放流的实施会对基于资源开发与管理的评估的结果产生影响。基于2001~2015年间东海北部海域三疣梭子蟹(Portunus trituberculatus)渔业数据,采用增殖剩余产量模型,对东海北部海域三疣梭子蟹的最大可持续产量(MSY)及取得MSY时所需捕捞努力量(E_MSY)和原存生物量(B_MSY)进行了评估,并与传统Schaefer模型评估结果进行了比较。结果表明,当年增殖放流量约在3×10⁶~95×10⁶尾之间时,三疣梭子蟹年产量逐渐增加, MSY在14.2×10⁴ t和14.6×10⁴ t之间, E_MSY基本在15×10⁴吨位左右。增殖放流量增加,其对应的MSY也越高,能承受的E_MSY也越高(从15×10⁴~15.4×10⁴吨位之间),相反B_MSY则减小(从188.4×10⁴ t降至186.6×10⁴ t)。与传统的Schaefer模型评估结果相比,增殖剩余产量模型由于考虑了增殖放流生物量的因素,得到了MSY和E_MSY有所增加,而B_MSY有所下降的结论。研究结果有望为该研究海域三疣梭子蟹可持续地捕捞、放流与管理提供科学依据。     

Towards combining GPM and MFG observations to monitor near real time heavy precipitation at fine scale over India and nearby oceanic regions

This is the first attempt to merge highly accurate precipitation estimates from Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) with gap free satellite observations from Meteosat to develop a regional rainfall monitoring algorithm to estimate heavy rainfall over India and nearby oceanic regions. Rainfall signature is derived from Meteosat observations and is co-located against rainfall from GPM to establish a relationship between rainfall and signature for various rainy seasons. This relationship can be used to monitor rainfall over India and nearby oceanic regions. Performance of this technique was tested by applying it to monitor heavy precipitation over India. It is reported that our algorithm is able to detect heavy rainfall. It is also reported that present algorithm overestimates rainfall areal spread as compared to rain gauge based rainfall product. This deficiency may arise from various factors including uncertainty caused by use of different sensors from different platforms (difference in viewing geometry from MFG and GPM), poor relationship between warm rain (light rain) and IR brightness temperature, and weak characterization of orographic rain from IR signature. We validated hourly rainfall estimated from the present approach with independent observations from GPM. We also validated daily rainfall from this approach with rain gauge based product from India Meteorological Department (IMD). Present technique shows a Correlation Coefficient (CC) of 0.76, a bias of −2.72 mm, a Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 10.82 mm, Probability of Detection (POD) of 0.74, False Alarm Ratio (FAR) of 0.34 and a Skill score of 0.36 with daily rainfall from rain gauge based product of IMD at 0.25° resolution. However, FAR reduces to 0.24 for heavy rainfall events. Validation results with rain gauge observations reveal that present technique outperforms available satellite based rainfall estimates for monitoring heavy rainfall over Indian region.     

基于微卫星标记的长江江苏段鲢(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)增殖放流资源贡献率的评估

近年来,长江下游进行了大规模鲢(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)增殖放流活动,而增殖放流对鲢资源的贡献如何,成为亟待探究的科学问题.本研究基于已开发的11对微卫星引物,标记8个主要原良种场(为江苏省各地政府放流工作提供苗种的单位)鲢繁殖亲本群体,利用微卫星亲子鉴定技术,评估2016-2017年长江江苏段鲢增殖放流对鲢在江群体的资源贡献率.研究结果显示,621尾繁殖亲本群体和475尾长江捕捞鲢群体共检测出191种等位基因,每个座位的等位基因种类数、观测杂合度、期望杂合度范围分别为9～36、0.536～0.793、0.597～0.941;对应平均值分别为17.36、0.656、0.794.11个座位均表现出高度的多态性,每个座位的多态信息含量范围为0.560～0.938,平均值为0.771,证明选用的11对微卫星引物可作为亲子鉴定的有效工具.亲子鉴定结果表明,在亲本性别未知的情况下,非亲排除率(NEP)范围为2.4%～42.4%,累积非亲权排除率(CEP)在99.99%以上; 475尾长江鲢群体中,鉴定出39尾鲢个体来自于原良种场鲢亲本群体所繁殖的后代,即回捕率为8.21%.综合分析可见,2016-2017年,长江江苏段增殖放流对鲢资源量有较好的补充作用.