A derived probability distribution approach to stormwater quality modeling

The closed-form analytical stormwater quality models are developed for simulating urban catchment pollutant buildup and washoff processes. By integrating the rainfall–runoff transformation with pollutant buildup and washoff functions, stormwater quality measures, such as the cumulative distribution functions (CDFs) of pollutant loads, the expected value of pollutant event mean concentrations (EMCs) and the average annual pollutant load can be derived. This paper presents methodologies and major procedures for the development of urban stormwater quality models based on derived probability distribution theory. In order to investigate the spatial variation in model parameters and its impact on stormwater pollutant buildup and washoff processes as well as pollutant loads to receiving waters, an extended form of the original rainfall–runoff transformation which is based on lumped runoff coefficient approach is proposed to differentiate runoff generation mechanisms between the impervious and pervious areas of the catchment. In addition, as a contrast to the aggregated pollutant buildup models formulated with a single lumped buildup parameter, the disaggregated form of the pollutant buildup model is proposed by introducing a number of physically-based parameters associated with pollutant buildup and washoff processes into the pollutant load models. The results from the case study indicate that analytical urban stormwater management model are capable of providing results in good agreement with the field measurements, and can be employed as alternatives to continuous simulation models in the evaluation of long-term stormwater quality measures.     

Shape Similarity measures of Linear Entities

The essential of feature matching technology lies in how to measure the similarity of spatial entities.Among all the possible similarity measures,the shape similarity measure is one of the most important measures because it is easy to collect the necessary parameters and it is also well matched with the human intuition.In this paper a new shape similarity measure of linear entities based on the differences of direction change along each line is presented and its effectiveness is illustrated.     

江苏矿山生态地质环境问题及防治对策

全面总结江苏省矿产资源开发利用诱发的各类矿山生态地质环境问题，归纳为环境资源破坏与影响、矿山地质灾害和环境污染三大类型。环境资源破坏与影响有对土地资源、植被资源、地表设施、水资源、矿产资源的破坏和对自然景观、文化遗迹、地质遗迹的影响；矿山地质灾害主要有采空区地面塌陷、采矿滑坡、崩塌、矿坑突水、尾矿库坝基渗漏与溃堤、泥石流和岩溶地面塌陷；环境污染有采矿对地下水、地表水、土壤和大气造成的污染。针对省内的矿山生态地质环境问题，提出相应的防治对策。     

烟台海域海难事故气象条件分析及预防对策

通过对1990－1999年烟台辖区海域海难事故资料及烟台海区相关气象资料统计分析，得出烟台沿海及附近海域难事故发生的一般规律及其与气象的关系，并提出了海难事故的预防对策。     

攀枝花市对武定6．5级地震的应急反应

云南省武定1995年10月24日的6．5级地震对攀枝市造成了Ⅵ度的破坏。震后，地震部门提出近期不会发生破坏性地震，为政府决策提供依据。通过广播电台、电视台发布震情通报、公告，为抗震救灾和安定民心起到了积极作用。     

Living with floods: victims' perceptions in Beijiang, Guangdong, China

This study revealed the collective values of the flood victims in the Beijiang area, Guangdong, China, as a result of a hazardous flood in 1994. The victims were sceptical of large flood-prevention engineering structures. They believed that flooding was unavoidable, but by extending support networks, applying hazard-resistant designs, and developing loss-sharing adjustments the disastrous effects of a flood could be mitigated. Seemingly, victims were prepared to live with floods and adopted functional adjustments to lessen flood impact.     

长春市地下水开发环境问题研究

本文根据近期地下水动态监测资料，结合地下水赋存的环境水文地质条件，分析论述了长春市由于不合理开发地下水资源而产生地下水水位下降，水量削减、水质污染、地面沉降等环境地质问题，提出了防治对策及建议。     

孤北21三维目标处理实例

结合地质目标及处理要求,对孤北21井区三维资料进行了分析。对不同处理目标采取了相应的处理措施,取得了较好的处理效果。     

曲石湾滑坡体成因分析及防治措施研究

滑坡的形成对周围环境造成很大的影响，并严重制约地方经济发展，威胁人民生命财产安全，因此，滑坡成因及防治措施的研究具有重要意义。本文通过实际资料，分析曲石湾滑坡体的形成机理，有针对性的提出曲石湾滑坡的防治措施。     

世界一些大城市防灾减损的比较研究

比较分析了一些大城市的防灾减损措施，提出了具体对策。