天山南缘北轮台断裂库尔楚段晚第四纪的最新活动和滑动速率

使用全站仪实测了天山南麓北轮台逆断裂库尔楚段阿克艾肯－喀腊萨喀腊阿塔木冲洪积扇断层崖地形地貌，采用^10Be测年方法测定了该冲洪积扇的形成年龄，得到该断裂段垂直位移滑动速率为0.48mm/a、0.85-1.0mm/a和1.52mm/a，并对该断裂段的水平缩短速率和天山第四纪水平缩短量进行了讨论。     

Cu、Co、Ni、Ti和Mg在成岩型铁锰结核中的地球化学特征

选择了东太平洋赤道附近的系列成岩型铁锰结核(壳)样品,根据其中的矿物相的种类,利用化学上的相分析手段——选择性提取实验,借助晶体化学和矿物学手段对过渡金属元素Cu、Co、Ni、Ti和碱土金属元素Mg在成岩型铁锰结核中的地球化学特征进行了研究。结果显示,元素Cu、Co、Ni、Ti和Mg等元素在成岩型铁锰结核中的富集受这些元素在海水中的存在状态和结核中组成矿物这两方面因素的制约。成岩型结核中10-水锰矿结构的稳定性并不完全是由于其充分吸收了Cu、Co、Ni等过渡金属元素,碱土金属Mg对于10-水锰矿结构的稳定性起到了重要作用。     

新10号泉溶解气的变化特征及与地震的对应关系

对新疆新10号泉溶解气的变化特征进行了研究。通过对13组MS≥4.6地震的分析可以看出:(1)深、浅源气体的异常形态和异常时间有所差别;(2)不同气体各有其异常特点,同源气体的同步性很好。在所统计的13组15次地震中,来自深源的CH4、He震前发生异常次数分别是11次和10次,两者同步的有9次,它们异常起始时间接近,异常形态都表现为趋势性中短期异常;来自浅源的Ar、N2映震率接近,15次地震前Ar异常有4次,N2异常为3次,两者同步性好,以高值异常为主,短临异常明显;来自深、浅源的混合气体CO2多表现为趋势性高值中短期异常,在恢复背景值的过程中发震。     

北京降尘宇宙成因核素^14C和^10Be分布特征木——祝贺刘东生先生九十华诞

对2006年4月北京降尘进行了^10Be，^14C和δ^13C等项分析，初步结果显示：降尘^10Be浓度与黄土比较接近，降尘中黑炭的δ^13C数值与黄土有机质接近；降尘中黑炭的^14C年龄大致可划分为两个特征区间，反映了降尘物质有两大源区。本工作在刘东生先生指导下完成，谨以此文祝贺刘先生九十华诞。     

南黄海、东海陆架及冲绳海槽北部 沉积物的10 Be和9 Be记录*

文章讨论了南黄海泥质区、东海陆架及冲绳海槽北部表层沉积物和柱状岩芯中¹⁰ Be及⁹ Be含量的水平和垂直分布,并与重金属Pb的分布进行了比较。表层沉积物中的¹⁰ Be,⁹ Be和Pb三者表现出完全不同的分布特征。¹⁰ Be的分布主要受黑潮及其支流黄海暖流所支配; ⁹ Be的分布受黄河陆源物质输入的影响,主要集中在南黄海泥质区; Pb则主要分布在长江口和琉球群岛附近,反映了人类活动的影响。冲绳海槽北部末次冰期和全新世时¹⁰ Be的沉积通量变化在整体上反映了¹⁰ Be大气生产率的变化,即地球磁场屏蔽效应的影响。03孔全新世时¹⁰ Be的沉积通量 (1.12×10⁹atoms/cm²ka)基本上等于¹⁰ Be的现代大气平均生产率,而在末次冰期时平均为4.06×10⁹atoms/cm²ka, 高于¹⁰ Be 的现代大气平均生产率3倍以上。在冲绳海槽由于黑潮的缘故,¹⁰ Be对气候的变化响应要比极地冰芯的¹⁰ Be变化响应灵敏的多,对气候变化信号起了放大的作用。冰期时冲绳海槽北部¹⁰ Be的沉积通量远远高于太平洋大洋海区,充分反映了黑潮的传送带作用和边缘海的聚焦沉积作用,并表明末次冰期时在千年尺度上黑潮仍流经冲绳海槽,且强度并未减弱。 ¹⁰ Be的通量在新仙女木时降到整个岩芯所跨时期的最低点,甚至低于¹⁰ Be的现代大气平均生产率,因此推测在新仙女木事件时,黑潮的变动特别大,有可能改向或断流。     

Levels and distributions of organic source tracers in air and roadside dust particles of Kuala Lumpur,Malaysia

The concentrations of n-alkanes, unresolved complex mixture (UCM), petroleum molecular markers, other tracers of cooking and burning emissions, and natural background in atmospheric particles and roadside dust particles were measured at eight locations in the city center and the suburbs of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Atmospheric particles were collected using high-volume filtration (PM-10, GFF) over 24 h average periods. Road dusts were swept up, dried and sieved. Both types of samples were extracted with dichloromethane/methanol mixture (3:1 v/v) by ultrasonic agitation. The extracts were then fractionated by column chromatography and the alkanes subjected to gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Total extracts were also analyzed directly by GC–MS after silylation. The molecular distributions of compounds as well as diagnostic geochemical ratios were determined in order to identify the sources of the organic compounds. Samples collected from a rural area and lubricating oils were also analyzed for comparisons. Anthropogenic and biogenic sources such as vehicular emissions, waxes of higher plants, food cooking operations, and biomass and domestic refuse burning processes contributed to the organic matter content of atmospheric and to lesser extent, roadside dust particles.     

对RIEMS模式中陆面过程的一个改进

中尺度区域气候模式RIEMS中陆面过程使用BATS模式,其缺点是土壤内部过程较为简单,本文把10层土壤模式引入BATS,代替原来的二层土壤模式,并采用了TOPMODEL水文模式中的一些处理方法,使土壤温度、水文的计算更为合理,模拟二个个例,每个例均为夏季一个月的模拟,表明在降水、气压场、流场上均较原RIEMS模式为优,因而是对原RIEMS模式一个改进。     

Correlation between plasmid DNA damage induced by PM10 and trace metals in inhalable particulate matters in Beijing air

Based on the study of Beijing PM₁₀ bioreactivity with the newly developed plasmid DNA assay method, and analysis for trace elements of PM₁₀, the cause of plasmid DNA damage by PM₁₀ was investigated. The study showed that plasmid DNA oxidative damages by PM₁₀ are of difference in different seasons at various areas. The concentrations of TM50 of PM₁₀ in whole samples respectively collected at urban and comparison sites during winter were 900 μg mL⁻¹ and 74 μg mL⁻¹, while those in their corresponding soluble fractions were 540 μg mL⁻¹ and 86 μg mL⁻¹. In contrast, TM50 contents of PM₁₀ from summer whole samples at urban areas and comparison sites were 116 μg mL⁻¹ and 210 μg mL⁻¹, whereas those in their soluble fractions were 180 μg mL⁻¹ and 306 μg mL⁻¹. The difference of bioreactivity of Beijing PM₁₀ resulted from the variation of trace elements. The oxidative damage of plasmid DNA caused by Pb, Zn, As in PM₁₀ (whole sample) was relatively strong. TM50 and Mn, V, Zn display stronger correlation in the soluble fraction. It implies that Zn could be the major trace element in Beijing PM₁₀ which contributes to oxidative damage to plasmid DNA.     

西双版纳三种树木树干呼吸日变化特征

采用气室-红外气体分析法(IRGA)原位监测西双版纳热带季节雨林优势树种番龙眼(Pom etia tom entosa)和玉蕊(Barringtonia macrostachya)(雨季),以及人工种植的经济树种三叶橡胶(Hevea brasiliensis)(干季、雨季)树干呼吸的日变化,同时监测了林内空气和1 cm深树干温度。结果表明,三者树干呼吸雨季呈双峰模式,三者首个呼吸高峰都在15:00前后,番龙眼和玉蕊第二个呼吸高峰在凌晨1:00前后,三叶橡胶在凌晨5:00前后。干季三叶橡胶树干呼吸为单峰模式,呼吸高峰在19:00前后,午后出现明显的呼吸下降现象。番龙眼和玉蕊雨季树干呼吸速率在1.814~3.167μmol/(m2.s)之间,三叶橡胶在8.824~10.364μmol/(m2.s)之间,显著高于同时期的番龙眼和玉蕊,三叶橡胶干季在3.424~4.110μmol/(m2.s)之间,显著比雨季小。三者Q10在1.60~2.58之间,三种树的平均Q10为1.77。     

COMPARISON OF HEAVY METAL CONCENTRATIONS IN SURFACE SEDIMENT OF TANJUNG PIAI WETLAND WITH OTHER SITES RECEIVING ANTHROPOGENIC INPUTS ALONG THE SOUTHWESTERN COAST OF PENINSULAR MALAYSIA

1 INTRODUCTIONOur sampling trip to Tanjung Piai wetland in2002 showed that the site had not been developed andrecognized yet as a wetland of international importance(Ramsar). Recently, our field trip in January 2005to the same site to collect sediment sam…