整数模糊度参数的快速检索算法

ＧＰＳ快速定位中,由于模糊度参数之间的强相关性,模糊度参数置信区间定义的检索区域比相应的置信椭球大得多。本文通过模糊度参数向量的正交变换,定义出包含模糊度参数置信椭球的最小正交多面体,借助在其中构造的均匀正交网格点,找出置信椭球中的所有整数模糊度参数向量。该方法显著地减少了整数模糊度参数的检索范围,提高了计算效率。     

河西内陆河春季流量变化特征的分析和预测

利用昌马、莺落峡、九条岭３个水文站四十余年的月平均流量资料,分析河西地区３条主要内陆河春季流量的长期变化特征,并用均生函数模型对流量进行了预报,为河西地区水资源的研究和利用提供参考依据     

OFDM基带处理系统的设计与实现

阐述了适合高速无线数据传输的正交频分复用(OFDM)调制方式的基本原理及调制解调的快速傅立叶变换(FFT)实现,并给出OFDM基带处理系统的结构图和硬件模块框图。     

基于稀疏AR模型的潮流信号建模与预报

潮流信号处理与预报在很多方面具有非常重要的意义和价值。本文引入信号稀疏表示理论,构建一种稀疏AR模型,寻找各潮流数据间的历史关联性,并进行预报分析。首先由实测潮流信号进行常规AR建模,获得一组过完备稀疏基;其次随机从该过完备稀疏基抽取部分建立欠定方程组,利用稀疏优化算法获得最稀疏的AR系数;多次重复上一步,获得稀疏AR系数的平均以增强稀疏AR模型的稳定性;最后利用这些稀疏AR系数来重构或预测潮流信号。文章针对实测潮流信号,特别是存在多峰值有回流现象的潮流信号,进行了稀疏AR建模与预测的多次实验。实验结果与传统的潮流信号调和预报方法相对比,发现基于稀疏AR模型的潮流预报对于潮流存在多变的现象时,具有明显优越性,从回报结果来看,稀疏AR模型的潮流预报均方差明显小于传统潮流调和分析预报方法。     

经验模态分解和独立分量分解在航磁数据处理中的应用

以东天山1∶20万航磁数据为例,利用经验模态分解(EMD)方法对航磁数据进行分解,然后利用独立分量分析(ICA)方法对分解出的固有模态函数(IMF)数据进行重构。分解出来的从高频到低频IMF与地质体的分布具有一定的相关性,不同频率的IMF代表了一定的地质意义。经过ICA重构后的独立分量(IC)能够对异常IMF函数从盲源分离的角度进行有效的重构,其结果可以在一定程度上解释不同的地质事件对磁异常的贡献,并对构造识别和构造区域划分具有一定的指示意义。     

低频时码信号正交解调技术研究

采用正交叠加和正交采样技术，提出了更大程度上数字化的低频时码信号正交解调的设计方案。同时，分析了这种解调方法的虚假抑制和抗镜像干扰能力。分析表明所论述的解调技术易于实现数字化，且成本低廉，具有一定的实用价值。     

基于有理函数模型的线阵CCD遥感影像水平纠正技术

利用有理函数模型替代严格传感器模型已经成为当前高分辨率遥感影像通用的数据标准.对于附加有理函数模型系数的线阵CCD遥感影像,提出了一种利用反解有理函数模型实现倾斜像片与水平像片转换方法.其主要原理同传统框幅式倾斜影像与水平影像的转换相似:将倾斜像片上像点投影到物方水平面上;然后在物方水平面上根据原始倾斜像片的地面采样间...     

EOF analysis of a time series with application to tsunami detection

Fragments of deep-ocean tidal records up to 3 days long belong to the same functional sub-space, regardless of the record’s origin. The tidal sub-space basis can be derived via Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) analysis of a tidal record of a single buoy. Decomposition of a tsunami buoy record in a functional space of tidal EOFs presents an efficient tool for a short-term tidal forecast, as well as for an accurate tidal removal needed for early tsunami detection and quantification [Tolkova, E., 2009. Principal component analysis of tsunami buoy record: tide prediction and removal. Dyn. Atmos. Oceans 46 (1–4), 62–82] EOF analysis of a time series, however, assumes that the time series represents a stationary (in the weak sense) process. In the present work, a modification of one-dimensional EOF formalism not restricted to stationary processes is introduced. With this modification, the EOF-based de-tiding/forecasting technique can be interpreted in terms of a signal passage through a filter bank, which is unique for the sub-space spanned by the EOFs. This interpretation helps to identify a harmonic content of a continuous process whose fragments are decomposed by given EOFs. In particular, seven EOFs and a constant function are proved to decompose 1-day-long tidal fragments at any location. Filtering by projection into a reduced sub-space of the above EOFs is capable of isolating a tsunami wave within a few millimeter accuracy from the first minutes of the tsunami appearance on a tsunami buoy record, and is reliable in the presence of data gaps. EOFs with ∼$\sim$3-day duration (a reciprocal of either tidal band width) allow short-term (24.75 h in advance) tidal predictions using the inherent structure of a tidal signal. The predictions do not require any a priori knowledge of tidal processes at a particular location, except for recent 49.5 h long recordings at the location.     

纬向平均的风向改变指数与季节转换

通过定义一个能客观定量描述大气环流四维时空变化的风向改变指数WI,用以研究大气环流的时空演变规律和季节转换。在对纬向平均的WI做了经验正交函数(EOF)分析后,得到了其前四个模态。第一模态揭示的是全年平均的WI空间分布的基态。第二模态反映的是WI场的偏差中呈现准调和变化的部分,热带、副热带、温寒带季风区在该模态中均有明显体现。第三模态反映的是WI场的偏差中呈现非调和变化的部分,该部分揭示了因南北半球海陆分布的差异和因大气、海洋流体的非线性效应,其所造成的从春到秋与从秋到春的季节变化的不对称性以及平流层的二月突变现象。第四模态反映的是全球各层盛行风反向区域从春到夏的北进和从夏到秋南撤的现象。     

An analytical approach to small amplitude solutions of the extended nearly circular Sitnikov problem

The model of extended Sitnikov Problem contains two equally heavy bodies of mass m moving on two symmetrical orbits w.r.t the centre of gravity. A third body of equal mass m moves along a line z perpendicular to the primaries plane, intersecting it at the centre of gravity. For sufficiently small distance from the primaries plane the third body describes an oscillatory motion around it. The motion of the three bodies is described by a coupled system of second order differential equations for the radial distance of the primaries r and the third mass oscillation z. This problem which is dealt with for zero initial eccentricity of the primaries motion, is generally non integrable and therefore represents an interesting dynamical system for advanced perturbative methods. In the present paper we use an original method of rewriting the coupled system of equations as a function iteration in such a way as to decouple the two equations at any iteration step. The decoupled equations are then solved by classical perturbation methods. A prove of local convergence of the function iteration method is given and the iterations are carried out to order 1 in r and to order 2 in z. For small values of the initial oscillation amplitude of the third mass we obtain results in very good agreement to numerically obtained solutions.