资源三号卫星影像无控制区域网平差

国产高分辨率光学卫星影像的无地面控制精准定位是实现境外大范围区域或大规模遥感应用和中小比例尺测图的前提。针对资源三号卫星(ZY-3)影像的几何特点,以航空摄影测量中约束问题最优化方法"交替趋近法"和基于RFM的最小二乘平差为基础,提出了一种易于并行化、高效的高分辨率光学卫星影像无控制联合区域网平差方法GISIBA(GCP-Independent Satellite Imagery Block Adjustment),通过构建"平均值"虚拟控制点来解决无控制区域网平差中的"秩亏"问题,便于分析无控制区域网平差结果与影像数据的覆盖次数及时相之间的关系。首先,交替趋近法被用来实现并行处理平台基础上的待平差未知数初值的解算、中等尺度以上粗差的自动检测与剔除,并根据计算结果赋予所有未知数一定的先验权值;然后,通过最小二乘法实现大型法方程矩阵的解算,获得满足高精度影像产品生产制作需求的高精度定向参数;最后,利用多组典型区域的ZY-3影像数据试验验证了该方法的精度和实际性能。结果表明,无控制区域网平差达到了优于6.0 m/5.0 m的平面/高程精度,所提方法为全球地理信息资源建设工程、国产光学卫星影像高精度影像产品生产提供了技术保障。     

The attenuated Ricker wavelet basis for seismic trace decomposition and attenuation analysis

The widely used wavelets in the context of the matching pursuit are mostly focused on the time–frequency attributes of seismic traces. We propose a new type of wavelet basis based on the classic Ricker wavelet, where the quality factor Q is introduced. We develop a new scheme for seismic trace decomposition by applying the multi-channel orthogonal matching pursuit based on the proposed wavelet basis. Compared with the decomposition by the Ricker wavelets, the proposed method could use fewer wavelets to represent the seismic signal with fewer iterations. Besides, the quality factor of the subsurface media could be extracted from the decomposition results, and the seismic attenuation could be compensated expediently. We test the availability of the proposed methods on both synthetic seismic record and field post-stack data.     

论江西气象部门业务技术体制改革中的业务管理及机构设置

对江西气象部门业务技术体制改革中的业务管理职能及机构设置进行了论述,认为省级业务管理处于全国气象业务技术体系承上启下的关键位置,应在中国气象局和职能司指导下进行,并接受上海区域气象中心的协调管理和指导;有关干部应接受上海区域气象中心的监管,参加武汉、广州区域气象中心的联防和业务、技术活动。省级业务管理要负责全省气象业务技术的发展,市、县级业务管理主要负责业务系统的实时高效运行。为适应业务技术体制改革的要求,应进一步调整机构设置,科学划分职责,明确省、设区市、县级轨道业务的牵头单位及其主要职责、机构和岗位设置。     

利用背景噪声互相关方法研究唐山地区地震波速变化

本文使用唐山地区部分数字地震观测台网2013年1月~2015年12月的连续背景噪声记录, 采用波形互相关方法来监测研究区地下物性介质随时间的变化特征。 首先采用背景噪声互相关技术获取台站间的经验格林函数, 然后通过观测台站对之间参考经验格林函数和当天格林函数中直达的瑞利波走时偏移来计算台站对之间的瑞利波速时空变化。 结果显示, 在2013年1月至2015年12月期间, 大部分台站对的瑞利波速度未发生明显改变, 预示着唐山地区中上地壳的物性介质处于相对稳定阶段。 但是, 部分台站对之间的瑞利波速在2015年9月14日昌黎M_L4.7地震前出现上升变化, 而震后随着时间的流逝又慢慢恢复到背景值附近波动。 目前, 虽然难以确定瑞利波速的震前上升变化跟震源区的应力积累过程有直接关系, 但这种现象值得持续关注和深入研究。     

Coherency matrix-based proper orthogonal decomposition with application to wind field simulation

Proper Orthogonal Decomposition （POD） provides a powerful modal transformation tool for stochastic dynamics. In this paper, coherency matrix-based proper orthogonal decomposition （CPOD） is presented as an innovative form of the POD based on cross power spectral density matrices. By introducing a discretizing scheme, the CPOD-based spectral representation method is obtained for use in stochastic simulation. Moreover, some criteria are proposed that allow the truncation order of CPOD to be conveniently determined. A numerical example to illustrate the application of the proposed method for the simulation of a wind velocity field is provided.     

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Interaction of ocean waves with floating and submerged horizontal flexible structures in three-dimensions

A three-dimensional general mathematical hydroelastic model dealing with the problem of wave interaction with a floating and a submerged flexible structure is developed based on small amplitude wave theory and linear structural response. The horizontal floating and submerged flexible structures are modelled with a thin plate theory. The linearized long wave equations based on shallow water approximations are derived and results are compared. Three-dimensional Green’s functions are derived using fundamental source potentials in water of finite and infinite depths. The expansion formulae associated with orthogonal mode-coupling relations are derived based on the application of Fourier transform in finite and infinite depths in case of finite width in three-dimensions. The usefulness of the expansion formula is demonstrated by analysing a physical problem of surface gravity wave interaction with a moored finite floating elastic plate in the presence of a finite submerged flexible membrane in three-dimensions. The numerical accuracy of the method is demonstrated by computing the complex values of reflected wave amplitudes for different modes of oscillation and mooring stiffness. Further, the effect of compressive force and modes of oscillations on a free oscillation hydroelastic waves in a closed channel of finite width and length for floating and submerged elastic plate system is analysed.     

1964-2019年辽宁省平均风速时空演变特征及其影响因素

风的变化程度和强弱会引起其他气象要素变化,探究风场时空分布及其历史变化规律,可为气候预报预测和风能科学利用提供重要参考.基于1964-2019年辽宁省23个气象站点风速及其他气象因子的逐日监测数据,利用小波分析及经验正交分解法对近56 a辽宁省风场、风速时空变化特征进行分析,并结合主成分分析法揭示其影响因素.结果表明:...     

乌鳢的消化器官与其机能适应性的讨论

本文从乌鳢消化器官的形态学与组织学方面,就各消化器官与其机能的适应性作了初步探讨。各器官均与其食性和捕食方式相适应。     

Incorporating variable source area hydrology into a curve-number-based watershed model

Many water quality models use some form of the curve number (CN) equation developed by the Soil Conservation Service (SCS; U.S. Depart of Agriculture) to predict storm runoff from watersheds based on an infiltration-excess response to rainfall. However, in humid, well-vegetated areas with shallow soils, such as in the northeastern USA, the predominant runoff generating mechanism is saturation-excess on variable source areas (VSAs). We reconceptualized the SCS–CN equation for VSAs, and incorporated it into the General Watershed Loading Function (GWLF) model. The new version of GWLF, named the Variable Source Loading Function (VSLF) model, simulates the watershed runoff response to rainfall using the standard SCS–CN equation, but spatially distributes the runoff response according to a soil wetness index. We spatially validated VSLF runoff predictions and compared VSLF to GWLF for a subwatershed of the New York City Water Supply System. The spatial distribution of runoff from VSLF is more physically realistic than the estimates from GWLF. This has important consequences for water quality modeling, and for the use of models to evaluate and guide watershed management, because correctly predicting the coincidence of runoff generation and pollutant sources is critical to simulating non-point source (NPS) pollution transported by runoff. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.