Environmental hazards in Xinjiang Line of New Eurasian Continental Bridge

Xinjiang Line of New Eurasian Continental Bridge is the important lifeline project inwestern China. Various disasters, such as flood, strong wind, sandstorm, and roadbed disasters,have been seriously affecting the railway transportation. The field investigation and analysis on thedata collected since 1959 show that: serious floods often occurred when the rain intensity reached25 mm/h or 30 mm/d; the critical wind speed for turning over a train is between 35 m/s and 67 m/s,and such cases happened in draught places of mountain opening and trunk valley; the angle be-tween wind direction and railway is closely related to the thickness of accumulative sand along thelines; roadbed disasters taking the form of side-slope sliding, roadbed sinking and silt turning uptook place in spring when the temperature rapidly rose to 10-15℃ from zero and precipitationcame forth or when the thickness of snow cover on shade slope reached above 20 cm in winter;the disasters taking place in the 1990s were far stronger than those of the 1980s and the order ofhazard intensity along the Xinjiang Line is Urumqi＞Shihezi＞Kuitun＞Liuyuan＞Shanhan＞Hami.     

消除叠后地震记录相干噪声的时-空变倾角KL变换

对常规KL变换和倾角扫描叠加KL变换用于去除地震剖面中相干噪声的情况进行了探讨,指出了它们的适用情况及局限性,并在此基础上提出了去除叠后地震记录中相干噪声的新方法———时空变倾角KL变换。使用该方法既能有效去除强相干噪声,又能较好保持有效信号同相轴的连续性。最后用合成剖面和实际剖面证明了该方法的有效性。     

The Significance of Traditional Culture for Agricultural Biodiversity—Experiences from GIAHS

Agricultural biodiversity has a high importance in social-cultural, economic, and environmental aspects, and can help in adapting to and withstanding climate change. Conserving the GIAHS sites and the important components within them can help conserve the agricultural biodiversity and traditional agricultural culture of the whole country. This study considered Ifugao Rice Terraces, Dong’s Rice-Fish-Duck System, and Hani Rice Terraces System as three examples which show that traditional culture can be used to protect agricultural biodiversity, while as a carrier of traditional culture, agricultural biodiversity also conveys and protects the traditional culture of the nation. According to the analyses, through several years of efforts, the status of agricultural biodiversity and traditional culture in them has improved. Then, to further promote agricultural biodiversity conservation and traditional culture protection, several suggestions are made, such as establishing community seed banks; documenting and preserving traditional farming methods, techniques, and tools and developing participatory activities which encourage more farmers to participate in the protection work.     

山东省海洋水产原、良种产业的发展和对策

为进一步提高山东省海洋水产种业的发展水平,促进海水养殖业和渔业经济的可持续发展,文章总结山东省海洋水产原、良种产业的发展特点,分析存在的问题,并提出对策建议。研究结果表明：山东省海洋水产原、良种产业具有起步较晚但发展速度较快,品种多、覆盖面广,代际连续性较强以及原、良种场建设全国领先的特点;目前仍然存在海洋水产良种的市场化程度较低、水产企业良种研发能力较弱以及国家级原、良种场的作用未有效发挥的问题;今后应重点推动育种技术进步,推进育、繁、推一体化发展模式,树立品牌意识,建立良种独立技术体系,加大对水产企业的支持力度,加强种质资源保护以及建立市场准入制度。     

多样性的区域影响效应研究进展和展望

深入认识多样性的区域影响效应是解决专业化与多样性之争并为区域选择合理发展路径的前提。演化经济地理学对相关多样性与不相关多样性概念的区分,为解释多样性经济效应的作用机制提供了新的分析框架。论文系统归纳总结了多样性的相关概念与测量方法,并论述了不同类型多样性与区域经济发展的关系及内在机理,包括其在经济增长、经济稳定、就业与创新等方面发挥的作用。通过对该领域前沿研究成果的梳理,最后提出在未来应从扩展相关性类型、补充多样性的长期与短期效应、关注企业家等行为主体的作用等领域展开进一步深入研究。     

Analysis and prediction of influence imposed on Jiaozhou Bay tidal currents and tidal energy of M2 tidal system by Jiaozhou Bay reclamation

The 3-D ECOMSED ocean model was applied to establish a time-dependent boundary model for Jiaozhou Bay (JZB), in which the operator-splitting technique was used and the ‘dry and wet’ method was introduced. The influence caused by JZB reclamation on the surface level, residual currents, tidal system and tidal energy of M₂ tidal system were predicted and analyzed. The results show that JZB reclamation has slight impact on the M₂ tidal system, in which the variation of amplitude and phase is less than 1%.The changes of the currents and residual currents in Qian Bay and near the reclamation areas are greater, but in other areas the changes are smaller, in which the currents have a change of around 1%, while the residual currents change ranges from 1.82%–9.61%. After reclamation, the tidal energy fluxes increase by 2.62%–5.24% inside and outside the JZB mouth, but decrease by 20.21%–87.23% near Qian Bay and the reclamation area.     

Synedra ulna var. repanda, a new variety of Synedra （Bacillariophyta） from Xinjiang, China

Synedra ulna var. repanda Q. X. Wang & Q. M. You, a new variety of Synedra (Bacillariophyta) from Xinjiang, China, is described and illustrated, and the characteristic of the variety: includes undulate-linear valves and straight pseudoraphe, differs from other species of Synedra.     

郑州市南北郊气温对比分析

对近45a气象资料分析结果表明：郑州市南郊和北郊气温变化趋势基本一致，年平均气温、季平均气温、平均最高气温、平均最低气温均呈现出不同程度的上升趋势。南北郊气温在20世纪50年代差异不大，随着郑州市的不断扩大，北郊进一步城市化，两地气温差异逐渐加大，北郊年平均气温，平均最高、最低气温和季节平均气温均高于南郊，80年代以后，差距更为明显。     

广西季气温、降水量异常频次的时空分布特征

根据世界气象组织二倍标准差和降水量距平百分率±60%标准,统计分析了广西88站1960年以来春季(2~4月)、前汛期(4~6月)、夏季(6~8月)、秋季(9~12月)和冬季(12~2月)的平均气温和降水量表明,近二十多年来,异常气候增加了,从季节看,冬季,不仅是发生异常高温和异常低温最多的季节,也是发生异常多雨和异常少雨最多的季节,更是异常气候空间分布范围最大的季节。     

郑州市南北郊气温对比分析

对近45 a气象资料分析结果表明:郑州市南郊和北郊气温变化趋势基本一致,年平均气温、季平均气温、平均最高气温、平均最低气温均呈现出不同程度的上升趋势。南北郊气温在20世纪50年代差异不大,随着郑州市的不断扩大,北郊进一步城市化,两地气温差异逐渐加大,北郊年平均气温,平均最高、最低气温和季节平均气温均高于南郊,80年代以后,差距更为明显。