Peridotite samples recovered from IODP Site U1309 at the Atlantis Massif in the Mid-Atlantic Ridge were examined to understand
magmatic processes for the oceanic core complex formation. Original peridotite was fragmented, and the limited short peridotite
intervals are now surrounded by a huge gabbro body probably formed by late-stage melt injections. Each peridotite interval
has various petrographical and geochemical features. A spinel harzburgite in contact with gabbro shows evidence of limited
melt penetrations causing gradual compositional change, in terms of trace-element compositions of pyroxenes, as well as modal
change near the boundary. Geochemistry of clinopyroxenes with least melt effects indicates that the harzburgite is originally
mantle residue formed by partial melting under polybaric conditions, and that such a depleted peridotite is one of the components
of the oceanic core complex. Some of plagioclase-bearing peridotites, on the other hand, have more complicated origin. Although
their original features were partly overprinted by the injected melt, the original peridotites, both residual and non-residual
materials, were possibly derived from the upper mantle. This suggests that the melt injected around an upper mantle region
or into mantle material fragments. The injected melt was possibly generated at the ridge-segment center and, then, moved and
evolved toward the segment end beneath the oceanic core complex. 相似文献
Earth history is punctuated by events during which large volumes of mafic magmas were generated and emplaced by processes distinct from “normal” seafloor spreading and subduction-related magmatism. Large Igneous Provinces (LIPs) of Mesozoic and Cenozoic age are the best preserved, and comprise continental flood basalts, volcanic rifted margins, oceanic plateaus, ocean basin flood basalts, submarine ridges, ocean islands and seamount chains. Paleozoic and Proterozoic LIPs are typically more deeply eroded and are recognized by their exposed plumbing system of giant dyke swarms, sill provinces and layered intrusions. The most promising Archean LIP candidates (apart from the Fortescue and Ventersdorp platformal flood basalts) are those greenstone belts containing tholeiites with minor komatiites. Some LIPs have a substantial component of felsic rocks. Many LIPs can be linked to regional-scale uplift, continental rifting and breakup, climatic shifts that may result in extinction events, and Ni–Cu–PGE (platinum group element) ore deposits.
Some current frontiers in LIP research include:
(1) Testing various mantle plume and alternative hypotheses for the origin for LIPs.
(2) Characterizing individual LIPs in terms of (a) original volume and areal extent of their combined extrusive and intrusive components, (b) melt production rates, (c) plumbing system geometry, (d) nature of the mantle source region, and (e) links with ore deposits.
(3) Determining the distribution of LIPs in time (from Archean to Present) and in space (after continental reconstruction). This will allow assessment of proposed links between LIPs and supercontinent breakup, juvenile crust production, climatic excursions, and mass extinctions. It will also allow an evaluation of periodicity in the LIP record, the identification of clusters of LIPs, and postulated links with the reversal frequency of the Earth's magnetic field.
(4) Comparing the characteristics, origin and distribution of LIPs on Earth with planets lacking plate tectonics, such as Venus and Mars. Interplanetary comparison may also provide a better understanding of convective processes in the mantles of the inner planets.
In order to achieve rapid progress in these frontier areas, a global campaign is proposed, which would focus on high-precision geochronology, integrated with paleomagnetism and geochemistry. Most fundamentally, such a campaign could help hasten the determination of continental configurations in the Precambrian back to 2.5 Ga or greater. Such reconstructions are vital for the proper assessment of the LIP record, as well as providing first-order information related to all geodynamic processes. 相似文献
Using the mesoscale eddy trajectory atlas product derived from satellite altimeter data from 1993 to 2016, this study analyzes statistical characteristics and seasonal variability of mesoscale eddies in the Banda Sea of the Indonesian seas. The results show that there were 147 mesoscale eddies that occurred in the Banda Sea, of which 137 eddies were locally generated and 10 originated from outside. The total numbers of cyclonic eddies(CEs,clockwise) and anticyclonic eddies(AEs, anticlockwise) ar... 相似文献
A 61-year(1958–2018) global eddy-resolving dataset for phase 2 of the Ocean Model Intercomparison Project has been produced by the version 3 of Chinese Academy of Science, the State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics/Institute of Atmospheric Physics(LASG/IAP) Climate system Ocean Model(CAS-LICOM3). The monthly and a part of the surface daily data in this study can be accessed on the Earth System Grid Federation(ESGF) node. Besides the det... 相似文献