Geochemical Characteristics of Particulate Organic Carbon in the Kocebu Seamount Waters of the Western Pacific Ocean in Spring 2018

The study of the geochemical characteristics of the POC in the seamount area will be of great significance for further understanding the material cycle process in the seamount ecosystem. Based on a comprehensive survey of the Kocebu seamount in the Western Pacific Ocean in March, 2018, the distribution, source and composition of Particulate Organic Carbon (POC) in the seawater of the Kocebu seamount area were discussed. The results showed that the concentration of POC in the Kocebu seamount area gradually decreased with the increasing water depth, and slightly rose in the water layers near the bottom of the seamount. The average concentration of POC in each water mass was sorted from high to low in the order of North Pacific Tropic Water, North Pacific Intermediate Water and Deep Water (DW), and the concentration of POC at stations near the seamount summit was lower than that far from the seamount in the DW. There was upwelling at the water layers of 750~1 500 m above the seamount summit, causing the uplift of the 12.50 μg/L POC isoline in this region, however, no “seamount effect” was formed. The POC was mainly imported from the sea with an average POC/PON of 3.75. At the water layers of 0~300 m, only the POC/chlorophyll a (Chl a) at deep chlorophyll maximum layer was less than 200, indicating that the POC in this region was mainly in a form of life, while at the water layer of 300 m, the POC/Chl a increased sharply, indicating that the non-living POC contributed the most to the total POC.     

Middle Miocene to Pleistocene radiolarian biostratigraphy in the Northwest Pacific Ocean, ODP Leg 186

Abstract The Upper Cenozoic sedimentary sequences drilled at Sites 1150 and 1151, Ocean Drilling Program Leg 186, enabled establishment of radiolarian zonation and calibration of the age of bioevents in the forearc area of the northern Japan Islands. The sequences were divided into nine zones from the Pleistocene Botryostrobus aquilonaris Zone to the Upper Miocene Lipmanella redondoensis Zone at Site 1150, and 11 zones from the Pleistocene Stylatractus universus Zone to the Middle Miocene Dendrospyris? sakaii Zone at Site 1151. These zones correlate successfully with the studied sequences of many of deep‐sea cores in the Northwest Pacific Ocean and with some sections of onshore Japan. Of 67 important radiolarian bioevents recognized during the study, 29 Pleistocene to Upper Miocene events were directly tied to the geomagnetic polarity time scale through the well‐defined paleomagnetic polarity records, and 21 Upper Miocene events were calibrated based on the diatom biostratigraphy. Of these events, 24 geographically widespread events were selected to test synchroneity and usefulness as time‐horizons within the mid‐to‐high latitude of the Northwest Pacific, involving eight other offshore and onshore sections. Examination showed that most of the zonal boundary events are synchronous within the considered region, and that many diachronous events, most of which are eliminated from the zonal scheme, are unreliable events linked to rare and sporadic occurrences of the species. Radiolarian biostratigraphy of the studied cores clearly indicates three major hiatuses in the Middle Pleistocene, Late Miocene and late Middle Miocene. The latter two hiatuses can be correlated to two global oceanic hiatuses, NH6 and NH3, respectively.     

影响冬季北太平洋航线设计的天气要素的分析

根据船舶气象导航的原理以及影响航线设计因素的原则，通过对北太平洋冬季爆发性气旋和温带气旋的特征分析以及风场、海浪气候的特点，指出船舶在设计航线时，应根据气候状况、天气形势分析及结合中短期预报设计一条既能充分利用有利的风、浪等因素又能避开大风浪等灾害性天气以达到安全、经济的目的。     

Emissions of Oxygenated Volatile Organic Compounds from Plants Part II: Emissions of Saturated Aldehydes

Emissions of hexanal, heptanal, octanal, nonanal, and decanal from 6 different plant species were measured in continuously stirred tank reactors when the plants were exposed to ozone. Pathogen- and insect attack on plants also led to these emissions. The emission rates of individual aldehydes were related to each other implying a common mechanism for the emissions of these aldehydes. Furthermore, the emission pattern was similar in all cases indicating a similar emission mechanism for different plant species and different elicitors. Measurements with ozone exposed Scots pine plants (Pinus sylvestris L.) showed that the emission rates were dependent on temperature as well as on the ozone flux into the plants. The diurnal variation of aldehyde emissions from ozone exposed Scots pine were described quite well using a formalism including temperature and ozone flux as variables. Assuming the aldehyde emissions to be general for plants exposed to ozone, the global emissions were estimated to be in the range between 7 and 22 Tg/a. Because these emissions can be induced by other factors than ozone uptake alone this estimate may be a lower limit.Now atNow at     

南海东北部海陆联测与海底地震仪探测

利用三分量海底地震仪、陆上便携式地震仪和海上气枪震源在南海东北部首次进行了海陆联合的深地震探测,测线呈北北西-南南东方向,垂直于区域构造走向,总长达500km,所获得的数据质量好,深部信息丰富,可分辨出Pg、Pn、PmP等地震相,为南海东北部深部地壳结构及油气盆地形成演化的研究提供了重要的基础数据。     

热带太平洋上层热力状况季节变化的正压特征——海表至深400m热储量的季节变化

使用斯克里普斯海洋研究所（SIO）整编的海洋上层（海表至400m）热储量资料，研究了热带太平洋上层热力状况季节变化的正压特征，指出与SST的分布不同，热储量在北纬5°N～10°N之间有一东西贯穿整个太平洋的带状热储量低值区，其季节变化率的分布特征分为两种，一是11月至2月为代表的“北半球冬季型”和5～8月的“北半球夏季型”，3月、4月和9月、10月为过渡阶段. 北半球10°N和2°N的季节变率的时间变化反位相，南半球的10°S、2°S?其季节变率随时间变化的位相则比较一致且与沿10°N位相大致相反. 东太平洋季节变化明显早于中、西太平洋，具有明显自东向西传播的特征. 10°S与10°N之间东、西太平洋的季节变率随时间的演变也基本上呈现反位相特征.     

Investigations on distributions and fluxes of sea-air CO_2 of the expedition areas in the Arctic Ocean

揋reenhouse effect?causing global warming has been an important issue of studying climate change. In the latest 100 years, the earth surface temperature has been increased by about 0.4℃—0.8℃[1,2]. And this has been becoming a hotspot of the world[3,4]     

上层海洋-低层大气科学研究计划

海洋和大气是地球系统的重要组成部分，其在全球气候变化中具有重要作用。上层海洋与低层大气研究（SOLAS）作为IGBPII第一个新的核心计划，以海洋中深度在100 m以上的水层和 1 000 m以下的大气边界层为主要研究对象，通过多学科的交叉研究，以揭示海洋与大气相互作用的物理和生物地球化学过程耦合及其在气候变化中的作用。SOLAS科学计划得到了世界各国的积极响应，已有16个国家向国际SOLAS科学委员会提交了SOLAS进展状况的国家报告。我国也制定了自己的科学研究计划重点研究中国近海的大气物质入海、海洋温室气体排放、海-气界面上的物质和能量交换过程及其对气候和环境的影响和反馈。     

太平洋环流速度减慢的原因

对南极气温资料、环南极海冰资料、太平洋海温资料、厄尔尼诺和拉尼娜资料的模拟验证，发现厄尔尼诺事件发生与德雷克海峡海冰减少在时间上有对应关系。南极半岛海冰减少是太平洋环流速度减慢的原因，德雷克海峡的海冰起重要作用。这一综合检验结果给出以日食—厄尔尼诺系数预测厄尔尼诺事件的有效性和准确性。两年周期的太平洋海温振荡使日食与厄尔尼诺之间存在12～24个月的位相差。