我国69个城市地下水有机污染特征研究

全国31个省的69个城市地下水有机污染检测结果表明,在检测的791个样品中有383个至少有一项有机污染组分被检出,检出率为48.42％;有18个样品的单项有机污染组分超标,除苯并[a]芘外,超标组分全部为挥发性有机物,其超标率由高到低分别为:四氯化碳0.75％、苯0.5％、氯仿0.25％、1,2-二氯乙烷0.25％、三...     

工程设计企业质量体系运行实证研究

本文以工程勘察设计企业快速发展的现状为背景,提出设计企业质量管理工作面临的环境巨变,并以中国恩菲工程技术有限公司质量体系运行的具体统计数据为样本,分析设计企业存在的质量缺陷并提出了改进质量工作的措施及建议。     

玛纳斯碧玉的宝石学研究

采用薄片观察、电子探针、红外光谱等测试手段,对玛纳斯碧玉的各品种进行了矿物学、宝石学、谱学特征和化学成分的研究。结果显示,玛纳斯碧玉的主要矿物组成为透闪石-阳起石,其中翠绿色点状物"翠花"是由于早期阳起石而形成。玛纳斯碧玉的物质组成特征显示其为超基性岩蚀变而成。     

音频大地电磁测深法在康定小热水地热勘查研究中应用

利用音频大地电磁测深法在康定小热水地热资源的勘查应用,从地热资源与地质构造（断裂或断层）的内在联系,研究小热水地热的分布特点,分析热储层的分布特点和浅部热水的形成机制,为小热水地区地热的综合研究提供了重要理论依据,这说明了音频大地电磁测深法是勘查和研究地热资源的一种有效手段。     

中国煤地质学发展历程及其影响因素分析

中国煤地质学已经历萌芽、创建准备、创建和大发展等四个阶段。影响其产生和发展的主要因素有生产力、社会制度、外力推动、教育促进和新技术应用等。随着改革开放的深入,我国煤地质学研究在上述因素作用下,呈现出新的发展前景,表现在研究领域、新技术与理论应用、国际间合作及煤地质科技人才培养等诸方面都具有较大的发展空间。     

滨州市土地权属争议调处调查与机制创新探讨

为依法、公正、及时地做好土地权属争议的调查处理工作,以大量土地权属争议案例为基础,结合现行有关法律法规进行分析、总结,探索建立了以＂重在调解、重心下移、部门联动、健全网络＂为内容的土地权属争议调处新机制。达到了提高调处效率、降低社会成本的目的。     

东南极冰盖/冰架变化监测与预测技术研究

南北极是研究全球变化的关键区域。＂十一五＂期间我国在南极地区系统开展了东南极冰盖/冰架变化监测与预测技术研究,对认识全球气候变化具有重要作用。通过项目实施,建立和发展了一批现场观测体系,发展了冰盖观测新技术并集成应用于东南极冰盖的综合观测,拓展了对冰穹A地区的新认识和新发现;在冰穹A边缘地区钻取的一支浅冰芯恢复了过去约780年的气候记录,记录了东南极地区存在小冰期的明显证据;发展了东南极冰盖积累和等时年层流动模型,研究在冰盖浅层、中层和深部的变化特征,反演了冰穹A地区的古积累率分布。本文概要介绍该项目基本情况。     

Engaging stakeholders in fisheries and marine research

Despite knowledge-brokering being of high interest to public policy, there is a lack of research integrating the knowledge of stakeholders and scientists, principally because public policies remain viewed as top-down controlled. To help European research policies make a positive difference to society, there is a need to better engage stakeholders with the delivery of research and to demonstrate an impact and value that it brings. The pertinent question addressed by this communication is: how can a deeper and more systematic engagement of stakeholders be enabled through European research activities? Enabling stakeholder participation in European research activities requires there to be an incentive for researchers and stakeholders to engage, and the capacity of stakeholders to operate effectively in the research framework. Unsurprisingly, the establishment of communications and cultures conducive to shared problem solving is high priority, as is the need to work towards a governance structure that helps link research with policy outcomes, while at the same time resonating directly with stakeholders. The Regional Advisory Councils could be a strong force in bringing stakeholders knowledge to bear on the scientific issues relevant to management, but their strategy and capacity to mobilise the skills to do so are not yet ready.     

Ecosystem-based marine spatial management: Review of concepts, policies, tools, and critical issues

Conventional sectoral management and piecemeal governance are considered less and less appropriate in pursuit of sustainable development. Ecosystem based marine spatial management (EB-MSM) is an approach that recognizes the full array of interactions within an ecosystem, including human uses, rather than considering single issues, species, or ecosystem services in isolation. Marine spatial planning and ocean zoning are emerging concepts that can support EB-MSM. EB-MSM is driven by high-level goals that managers aim to achieve through the implementation of measures. High-level goals and objectives need to be translated into more operational objectives before specific targets, limits and measures can be elaborated.Monitoring, evaluation and adaptation are necessary to ensure that marine management measures are both effective and efficient. Solid monitoring frameworks are the foundation of adaptive management, as they provide the necessary information to evaluate performance and the effectiveness of management actions. Marine protected areas (MPAs) - possibly set up in networks - constitute a key component in EB-MSM policies and practises and have been applied as a cornerstone in conservation of marine biodiversity, management of fish populations, development of coastal tourism, etc. Moreover, MPA experiences have provided methods and concepts (such as zoning) to a wider EB-MSM context. The assignment of values to biophysical features of the marine environment allows the direct assessment of related management choices and may assist EB-MSM.A range of monetary valuation techniques have been proposed to reduce attributes of goods and services to a single metric. However, in the marine environment such an approach is often over simplistic, and thus less reductive techniques may be necessary. Rather than producing a single metric, the results of non-monetary assessments guide policy allowing weight to be given as necessary to potential areas of conflict and consensus.Strategies to take into account climate change effects and geohazard risks in EB-MSM have been applied or proposed worldwide. EB-MSM regimes must be alert to such risks and flexible to account for changes.     

西藏高原强对流天气及短临预报研究进展

高原地区的强对流天气突发性强、易多发、强度大、影响重、预报难,但针对高原地区强对流天气及其短临预报系统的总结还较少。由于高原特殊的地理环境及显著的热力作用和动力作用的影响,高原强对流天气具有不同于东部平原地区的独特特征,其研究进展概括具有重要指导意义。概括了青藏高原地区尤其是西藏地区强对流天气研究的进展,包括高原地区强对流天气气候特征,高原强对流天气的环流背景及影响系统,强对流天气的预报技术、相关短临预报系统等,为进一步的研究工作和短临预报系统建设提供研究背景。