北疆地区参考作物蒸散量时空变化特征

为明确北疆地区在全球气候变暖背景下合理的灌溉制度,利用北疆地区22个气象站49 a(1962~2010年)的逐日气象资料,运用Penman-Monteith公式计算北疆地区1962~2010年的参考作物蒸散量ET0(reference crop evapotranspiration),并用Mann-Kendall方法对其进行突变检验,基于Arc GIS9.3空间分析功能模块对北疆参考作物蒸散量进行了空间变化分析。结果表明:研究区域的ET0在1983年发生向下突变,ET0在时间分布上整体呈下降趋势,主要受该地区相对湿度和风速的影响;ET0从北疆的东北部和西南部向中间逐渐升高,东南部和西部表现略高,具有明显的区域差异;4~10月ET0对全年ET0的分布具有显著影响。     

Photometry and the determination of oscillation modes for high amplitude Delta Scuti (HADS) variable GSC 1566-2802

CCD photometry observation of a newly discovered, high amplitude Delta Scuti star GSC 1566-2802, with a visible filter, is presented. The observations were carried out at Alborz Observatory located in Mahdasht, Karaj, Iran.The main goal of this project was to update our knowledge of the periodic variations of the target star. This paper covers three analyses, first calculating a new ephemeris and plotting a new light curve based on 19 times of maxima; then a Fourier analysis of the observed data points which results in determining probable oscillation modes, as well as computing its physical parameters which guide us to its harmonics and pulsation modes.     

鲁西地区浅层地温能地热地质条件与开发利用适宜性评价

在查明区域地热地质条件的基础上,采用层次分析法,对鲁西地区地埋管地源热泵和地下水地源热泵两种方式的开发利用进行了适宜性评价,并按不同类别,将鲁西地区浅层地温能开发划分为适宜区、较适宜区和不适宜区等3个区。该项目对制定长远能源区划,指导浅层地热资源开发利用工作,促进鲁西地区新兴接替能源开发利用具有非常重要的意义。     

Interannual salinity variability of the Northern Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass

This paper discusses the interannual variability of the Northern Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass(NYSCWM) and the factors that influence it,based on survey data from the 1976–2006 national standard section and the Korea Oceanographic Data Center,monthly E-P flux data from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts,and meridional wind speed data from the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set. The results show that:1) the mean salinity of the NYSCWM center has a slightly decreasing trend,which is not consistent with the high salinity center; 2) both the southern salinity front and the halocline of the NYSCWM display a weakening trend,which indicates that the difference between the NYSCWM and coastal water decreases; 3) the Yellow Sea Warm Current intrusion,the E-P flux of the northern Yellow Sea,and the strength of the winter monsoon will affect the NYSCWM salinity during the following summer.     

松嫩平原含水层沉积物特征及其对砷赋存态分布的影响

松嫩平原西部地区为中国砷中毒区域,含水层沉积物特征及砷赋存态对地下水砷迁移、转化的影响并不清楚。在对研究区高砷区与低砷区钻孔沉积物进行取样的基础上,运用激光粒度分析、Tessier五步提取法和Keon分步提取法分别确定了不同深度沉积物的粒度分布和不同赋存态砷含量,系统研究了沉积物的水力传导系数、不同赋存态砷的分布及其与高砷地下水形成的关系。结果表明:沉积物5种赋存态砷(包括可交换态、碳酸盐吸附态、铁/锰氧化物吸附态、有机物或硫化物吸附态和基质态)中,铁/锰氧化物吸附态砷含量最高,并且砷含量与铁、锰含量呈明显正相关性;高砷区钻孔沉积物铁/锰氧化物吸附态砷质量分数为(1.18~6.11)×10-6,低砷区为(0.67~2.60)×10-6;高砷区钻孔沉积物以粉砂、黏土为主,水力传导系数介于0.004~0.027m·d-1,低砷区钻孔沉积物以细砂、中砂为主,水力传导系数介于0.005~0.2m·d-1;沉积物中粉砂或黏土含量越多,则沉积物颗粒越小,其水力传导系数越低,各赋存态砷含量越高,因此,高砷区低水力传导系数有利于还原环境的形成。通过地下水的循环,高砷含水层沉积物的淋滤作用和铁/锰氧化物的还原性溶解形成了研究区高砷地下水。     

地信产业卓越工程师培养模式探索

针对目前地理信息学科教育培养模式缺乏工程实践,人才可获得程度低,与地理信息产业高速发展不适应的现状,该文探索并提出高等院校应根据产业人才培养目标、专业知识体系需求,以及高校自身特色,适当调整学科布局和培养方案计划,制定卓越工程师培养模式,并提出培养模式可与地理信息企业人才的再教育与培训计划衔接,充分利用国内外企业、机构与其他高校的优势资源与成功经验,实现产学研用融合。以武汉大学为例,阐述面向地理信息产业的复合型卓越工程师培养模式、方案及实施。     

BEMD-based two-dimensional SAR autofocus algorithm

The two-dimensional (2D) autofocus algorithm simultaneously compensates both the residual range migration and propagation-induced phase errors. However, the unsuitable selection of prominent points would reduce the performance of autofocus. Bi-dimensional empirical mode decomposition (BEMD) can decompose a synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image into some different sub-images corresponding to different frequency components. Using proposed 2D autofocus algorithm along with BEMD would help us in selecting the suitable prominent points and give a considerable improvement in the performance of SAR autofocus. In further support of that conclusion, some simulations using real SAR data are demonstrated.     

基于SDOF体系和高层结构的地震动强度指标研究

合理的地震动强度指标是预测和评价结构抗震响应的重要基础。选取24个周期点的单自由度体系和一个高层框架核心筒长周期结构,基于不同震源机制的100条地震动记录时程分析结果,研究16种地震动强度指标与结构地震响应的相关性,并提出考虑高阶振型影响的改进反应谱相关型地震动强度指标。研究表明：（1）不同地震动强度指标与结构地震响应的相关性差别较大,随着单自由度体系自振周期的增大,地震动强度指标与单自由度体系地震响应的相关性大致呈减小的趋势;（2）对于高层长周期结构,综合对比分析各地震动强度指标分别与顶点最大位移、最大基底剪力、最大层间位移的相关性,从工程实用角度出发,推荐地面运动峰值速度为最佳地震动强度指标;（3）由于高层长周期结构受高阶振型影响显著,采用含有高阶振型因素的反应谱强度指标可提高与结构地震响应的相关性。     

Transport and dispersion of particulate Hg associated with a river plume in coastal Northern Adriatic environments

The role of suspended particulate matter (SPM) as an important carrier of mercury (Hg) dispersed into the Gulf of Trieste and in the adjacent Grado lagoon (Northern Adriatic Sea) was studied during a high Isonzo River inflow and the resulting river plume formation. Despite the fact that extreme flood events are rare during the year, they account for most of the PHg influx (37-112 ngL(-1)) into the Gulf of Trieste. When the river plume is diverted to the SW under the influence of an E-NE wind, the tidal flux acts as a "transport belt" carrying the PHg, mostly inorganic, into the Grado lagoon. A preliminary estimation indicates that the amount of PHg entrapped in the lagoon basin following a tidal semi-cycle accounts for 1.4 kg/12h, which corresponds to about 49% of the total Hg carried by the tidal flow. These findings should be considered in future remediation strategies in the lagoon environment.     

Recolonization and recovery dynamics of the macrozoobenthos after sand extraction in relict sand bottoms of the Northern Adriatic Sea

The long-term effects of sand extraction on macrozoobenthic communities were investigated in an offshore area in the Northern Adriatic Sea characterised by relict sands formed during the last Adriatic post-glacial transgression. Surveys were carried out before, during and 1, 6, 12, 18, 24 and 30 months after extraction at three impacted and seven reference stations. The operations did not influence the physical characteristics of the sediment, but they caused almost complete defaunation at dredged sites. Univariate and multivariate analyses highlighted that the macrozoobenthic community responses to the dredging operations were (1) a rapid initial recolonisation phase by the dominant taxa present before dredging, which took place 6-12 months after sand extraction; (2) a slower recovery phase, that ended 30 months after the operations, when the composition and structure of the communities were similar in the dredged and reference areas. This pattern of recolonisation-recovery fits well with the commonly encountered scenario where the substratum merely remains unchanged after marine aggregate extraction.