CSU－RAMS模式在区域气侯模拟中的应用

将ＣＳＵ－ＲＡＭＳ（中尺度）数值模式改造成“区域气候数值模式”以及进行区域气候数值模拟的试验研究。说明将有限区域中尺度数值模式与ＧＣＭ模式嵌套区域气候数值模拟研究上能够取得有意义的结果,它能在一定程度上改善ＧＣＭ模式的不足,可以更为细致地描述大气环流的变化特征,是了解区域气候变化的有效方法之一。     

Nest site characteristics and nesting success of the Western Burrowing Owl in the eastern Mojave Desert

We evaluated nest site selection at two spatial scales (microsite, territory) and reproductive success of Western Burrowing Owls (Athene cunicularia hypugaea) at three spatial scales (microsite, territory, landscape) in the eastern Mojave Desert. We used binary logistic regression within an information-theoretic approach to assess factors influencing nest site choice and nesting success. Microsite-scale variables favored by owls included burrows excavated by desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii), burrows with a large mound of excavated soil at the entrance, and a greater number of satellite burrows within 5 m of the nest burrow. At the territory scale, owls preferred patches with greater cover of creosote bush (Larrea tridentata) within 50 m of the nest burrow. An interaction between the presence or absence of a calcic soil horizon layer over the top of the burrow (microsite) and the number of burrows within 50 m (territory) influenced nest site choice. Nesting success was influenced by a greater number of burrows within 5 m of the nest burrow. Total cool season precipitation was a predictor of nesting success at the landscape scale. Conservation strategies can rely on management of habitat for favored and productive nesting sites for this declining species.     

异模式嵌套作中期数值预报的试验

利用一个全球谱模式和一个有限区域细网格模式，作了异模式嵌套的初步试验。对异模式嵌套的方案流程，细网格模式边界值晚新的时间间隔及细网格模式的起步时间作了初步研究，发现无论采用物理量本身还是其倾向值作衔接，效果均不错，边界值更值的时间间隔既不宜太长，也不宜太短，粗细网格同时起步或用粗网格模式１２小时的预报场作为细网格模式匠初始场，两者预报的结果基本一致。