������Χ��TOPEX/Poseidon���Dz�߲��η���

??TOPEX/Poseidon????????????Χ???????ν??з??????ó?????:?????????????Χ???????????ε?????;????????????????????ζ??????????,?????????????????????????????????????????????     

不同卫星星历对GPS数据处理的影响

研究了基线解算时分别使用广播星历、快速星历和精密星历时解算结果的影响.对于长基线来讲,使用快速星历和精密星历可以有效提高解算精度,对于短基线,使用广播星历可以保证基线解算的精度.     

Hydrodynamic Tidal Model of the Persian Gulf Based on Spatially Variable Bed Friction Coefficient

The aim of this study is to develop a two-dimensional hydrodynamic tidal model for the Persian Gulf (PG2017) using 2D-MIKE21 software. The advantages of present study is accounting for the spatial variation of bed friction coefficient besides a precise bathymetry together with a 23-year of combined records of satellite altimetry data. We found that the bed friction coefficient has a significant effect on sea level changes in the region under our modeling consideration. Since the tidal behavior in the northern part of the Qeshm Island is significantly different from the other parts of the Persian Gulf, to present a more accurate hydrodynamic tidal model, the Gulf is divided into two regions where the bed friction coefficient is modeled separately for each region. The root mean square value of the differences between the amplitude of dominant constituents; M2, S2, K1, and O1 derived from the PG2017 model and that of 98 altimetry and coastal tide gauge stations are respectively equal to 1.6, 1.9, 2.8, and 1.3?cm. Moreover, comparing the PG2017 model efficiency with the FES2014, OSU12, EOT11a, DTU10, and Admiralty models shows that the PG2017 model has an improvement of 22.1%, 47.2%, 43.2%, 44.2%, and 57.6% in terms of relative error, respectively.     

基于散射计风场数据的台风强度诊断方法——以海洋二号卫星数据为例

本文提出了一种基于散射计风场数据的台风定强方法。该方法定义了台风所在海区的一个圆形区域上的风速平均值来对台风进行定强,并使用海洋二号卫星散射计历史数据对该方法进行了验证。验证结果表明,该台风定强方法可以克服散射计反演台风风速过低的问题。与台风强度监测的历史记录比较的结果显示,在台风强度低于"强台风"这一强度等级时,该方法能够有效估算台风强度。     

Sea Level Prediction in the Yellow Sea From Satellite Altimetry With a Combined Least Squares-Neural Network Approach

Accessible high-quality observation datasets and proper modeling process are critically required to accurately predict sea level rise in coastal areas. This study focuses on developing and validating a combined least squares-neural network approach applicable to the short-term prediction of sea level variations in the Yellow Sea, where the periodic terms and linear trend of sea level change are fitted and extrapolated using the least squares model, while the prediction of the residual terms is performed by several different types of artificial neural networks. The input and output data used are the sea level anomalies (SLA) time series in the Yellow Sea from 1993 to 2016 derived from ERS-1/2, Topex/Poseidon, Jason-1/2, and Envisat satellite altimetry missions. Tests of different neural network architectures and learning algorithms are performed to assess their applicability for predicting the residuals of SLA time series. Different neural networks satisfactorily provide reliable results and the root mean square errors of the predictions from the proposed combined approach are less than 2?cm and correlation coefficients between the observed and predicted SLA are up to 0.87. Results prove the reliability of the combined least squares-neural network approach on the short-term prediction of sea level variability close to the coast.     

利用卫星遥感海面温度、高度联合反演南海北部三维温度场

利用历史观测得到的温度剖面数据,通过严格筛选和插值,建立了南海北部的气候态垂向温度剖面。随后,利用回归统计分析的方法构建了海面温度异常(SSTA)、海面高度异常(SSHA)联合扩展温度剖面的经验回归模型,并采用卫星遥感得到的SST和SSH数据扩展了南海北部的三维海洋温度场,其时间分辨率为天,空间分辨率为0.25°×0.25°。通过与观测数据的对比研究,扩展得到的温度场可以较为准确地反映南海北部温度剖面的结构特征,并且能有效地体现出一些中尺度变化过程。结果表明,本研究反演得到的三维温度扩展场是较为可靠的,它可以作为海洋数值模型的初始场,实现现场观测数据和卫星遥感数据的互补,有助于更好地分析南海北部温度场的三维结构及变化特征。     

DOT2008A海面地形模型在我国邻近海域的精度评估

文中首先介绍了DOT2008A模型建立的原理和方法,利用我国48个长期验潮站19 a连续观测数据验证DOT2008A模型的精度,其均方差为0.118 m,残差的标准偏差为0.086 m;联合多源测高卫星建立的海面地形模型数据验证DOT2008A的精度,均方差为0.106 m,残差的标准偏差为0.099 5 m,且其残差分布图基本符合正态分布。从实验结果来看,DOT2008A模型在我国周边海域精度较高,其建立方法较为合理,转化应用价值较高;同时与多源测高卫星建立的海面地形比较结果来看,验证了自主建立的海面地形模型的正确性,对建立我国高精度海面地形模型具有重要的借鉴意义。     

模糊聚类定权法对SLR定轨精度的影响

针对卫星激光测距(satellite laser ranging,SLR)精密定轨过程中存在的测站观测数据合理定权问题,将一种改进的模糊聚类算法引入到SLR观测数据定权中。基于国际激光测距服务(International Laser Ranging Service,ILRS)提供的全球SLR测站性能报告,对测站进行近实时滑动分类定权,改变SLR数据处理中权重的经验或者随意性选取模式。经过LAGEOS1卫星2014年1月至2016年12月3年全球SLR实测数据处理的测试。结果表明,当考虑LAGEOS标准点总数、LAGEOS标准点RMS值以及LAGEOS标准点合格率这3项测站质量控制因素确定的测站权值能最大限度地提高卫星定轨精度和观测数据的使用效率,对参与计算的365个3d弧段数据,91.46%弧段精度得到提高,平均提高约3.7mm,且每个测站的定轨残差RMS也得到了降低。这对于正在迈向毫米级测量精度的SLR技术至关重要。     

基于卫星测高数据的萨德湿地水位变化研究

以萨德湿地为例,使用ENVISAT和Jason2卫星测高数据利用改进的阈值法进行回波重定,反演萨德湿地水位。结果显示:萨德湿地的恒定水域水位变化规律。通过对比萨德湿地和维多利亚湖的水位变化可以发现,维多利亚湖对萨德湿地南部水域水位有巨大的影响,且影响与人类活动(尤其是欧文瀑布大坝的水能发电)有很大的关系,而位于大坝下游的阿尔伯特湖水位变化和萨德湿地南部水域水位变化有很强的相关性。     

BDS3新试验卫星测距信号质量分析

中国的北斗卫星导航系统按照“三步走”的发展战略稳步推进,目前正处于第二代区域卫星导航系统向第三代全球卫星导航系统发展的关键时期。在郑州设置实验测站,实地采集BDS3新试验卫星的数据,分别从卫星可见数、信号频点、载噪比、伪距观测噪声值、多路径效应等方面分析BDS3试验卫星测距信号的质量。结果表明:对于相同频点,不同卫星的载噪比、伪距噪声、多路径效应变化略有不同,一般而言,倾斜同步轨道卫星(IGSO)的性能优于中轨道卫星(MEO)的性能;相同轨道类型的卫星,载噪比、伪距噪声、多路径效应水平相似,并且载噪比、伪距噪声、多路径效应在各个频点的相对大小关系基本一致。