辽东半岛大孤山古溺谷平原沉积环境的复原——基于岩心黏土混浊水电导率和pH值以及硅藻组合

对位于辽东半岛大孤山北侧砬底村沟谷中的钻孔岩心作黏土混浊水电导率、硅藻分析和pH值测定。结果显示黏土混浊水电导率曲线和咸水种硅藻含量曲线大体一致,表明黏土混浊水电导率和硅藻分析具有良好的一致性,可以相互印证。据硅藻组合、土导电率值和pH值的结果,将LD孔岩心从下到上分为4个沉积环境带:Ⅰ带为全新世海侵期的溺谷环境;Ⅱ带海水影响逐渐减弱的潮间带环境;Ⅲ带的泥炭环境分为Ⅲ-1带的受外洋海水影响的盐性沼泽湿地环境和Ⅲ-2带为积水的淡水湖沼环境;Ⅳ带分为两个亚带,Ⅳ-1带为有一定水深的陆相沼泽湿地环境,Ⅳ-2带为受海水影响的陆相沼泽湿地环境。另外黏土混浊水电导率与pH值也呈良好的反相关对应关系,这表明pH值也可以成为恢复古环境的一个重要的辅助指标。     

古代嵩山游记对当今开发的启示

目前,嵩山开发与其丰富的历史文化资源不太相称,进一步开发的潜力仍很巨大。通过对古代游记的深入研究,可为当今的开发提供有价值的参考资料。因此,从旅游者的视角,对古代的嵩山游记进行搜集整理,简析了古代游记基本情况,对古代嵩山旅游者的游览动机、路线进行分析,探讨了古代受关注的景点对于当今嵩山开发的价值,并提出了切合实际的措施。深入地挖掘和整理嵩山在历史上的重要地位和文化价值,开发体现中岳身份的自然风光和历史文化,拓展儒家文化游、道家文化游的广度和深度,加强少林寺开发的完整性,从而彰显嵩山作为中岳文化名山的底蕴。     

新疆西天山阿拉套山东部孔吾萨依A型花岗岩成岩年代、地球化学特征及成因

孔吾萨依花岗岩体位于新疆西天山阿拉套山南坡东侧,岩体主要由碱长花岗岩、粗粒钾长花岗岩、细粒钾长花岗岩组成。碱长花岗岩的~(206)Pb/~(238)U加权平均年龄值为293.1±3.6Ma,细粒钾长花岗岩的年龄为293±3.7Ma。三类花岗岩具相似的地球化学特征,属准铝质—弱过铝质的高钾钙碱性系列花岗岩。从碱长花岗岩到粗粒钾长花岗岩再到细粒钾长花岗岩,其Eu负异常程度越来越高,元素Ba、Sr、P、Ti等的亏损及Rb、Th、U等的富集程度逐步增高,显示三者的岩浆之间具有结晶分异趋势。碱长花岗岩、粗粒钾长花岗岩及细粒钾长花岗岩均富Ga(10~4Ga/Al比值2.6～3.5)、高Fe~*值(=FeO~T/(FeO~T+MgO),0.88～0.97)和具较高的TiO_2/MgO比值(0.51～1.25),显示出典型A型花岗岩的特征。研究区A型花岗岩具有高的锆石饱和温度(853.86～931.56℃)和低的锆石Ce(Ⅳ)/Ce(Ⅲ)比值(1.9～77),暗示该A型花岗岩岩浆形成于高温和低氧逸度条件下。三类花岗岩具较高的Y含量(43.3×10~(-6)～106×10~(-6))、较高的ε_(Nd)(t)(+3.0～+5.2)和较低的(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)_i值(0.7027～0.7069),表明孔吾萨依A型花岗岩可能源于玄武质地壳的部分熔融。但与西天山石炭纪玄武岩相比,孔吾萨依花岗岩的ε_(Nd)(t)值较低,而(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)_i值较高,因此孔吾萨依花岗岩的岩浆源区应有古老地壳物质的加入。     

南天山秋里塔格构造带中段地表变形遥感定量解译

利用LandSat7 ETM＋多光谱影像、Corona立体像对和QuickBird高分辨率影像对南天山秋里塔格构造带中段地表构造进行定量解译,结合野外调查,分析该复杂构造区浅层构造形态及地貌表现。利用Corona立体像对和QuickBird高分辨率影像测量的构造产状和地表变形参数揭示了该区地表构造变形细节特征。野外测量和遥感影像所揭示的构造地貌和地表变形特征充分反映了秋里塔格背斜中段新构造运动。多源遥感数据叠加分析表明,南秋里塔格背斜和库车塔吾背斜在库车塔吾河处的构造交汇形成了秋里塔格构造带中段复杂的构造变形。在交汇部,中新统吉迪克组(N1j)和康村组(N1k)地层错断并在地表形成若干个表皮褶皱和断层,上新统库车组(N2k)地层虽有扭曲但地层连续,地层由老到新变形逐渐减小,反映了上新世以来该区在沉积的同时继续构造变形。上新统库车组(N2k)和第四系(Q)的生长地层也揭示出该构造一直活动。     

Differential Tectonic Deformation of the Longmen Mountain Thrust Belt,Western Sichuan Basin,China

Field investigation and seismic section explanation showed that the Longmen Mountain Thrust Belt has obvious differential deformation:zonation,segmentation and stratification.Zonation means that,from NW to NE,the Longmen Mountain Thrust Belt can be divided into the Songpan- Garz(?) Tectonic Belt,ductile deformation belt,base involved thrust belt,frontal fold-thrust belt,and foreland depression.Segmentation means that it can be divided into five segments from north to south: the northern segment,the Anxia...     

西昆仑苦阿金铜铁矿地质特征及成因类型探讨

石炭系阿羌岩组为本区的矿源层.灰绿色糜棱岩化强蚀变安山岩、英安岩夹中层状大理岩的绿岩组合是本区的主要含矿层位,矿体在空间分布上有明显的层控特点,是本区最具找矿意义的地层.从矿区地层岩性、变质作用、岩浆作用、脆-韧性变形作用等主要控矿因素综合分析,成矿物质来源于火山活动和沉积作用,后经变质作用和岩浆作用的改造,形成绿岩带中与火山-沉积作用有关的沉积变质型金、铜、铁矿床,同时经脆-韧性变形,具有构造蚀变岩型金铜和磁铁矿型金铁铜共生的特征,区域变质、岩浆热液、韧性剪切共同作用促使了本矿床的形成.认为本矿床属于多型共生的多元矿床.     

苍峄铁矿带苍山县沟西-西官庄矿区沟西矿段(凤凰山铁矿)主井井筒检查孔水文地质特征分析

苍峄铁矿带苍山县沟西-西官庄矿区沟西矿段,又称凤凰山铁矿,为隐伏的鞍山式低品位铁矿,矿区水文地质条件属于中等型。对施工的主井、副井、进风井、东风井和西风井井筒检查孔进行了水文地质编录和分层抽水试验,以主井井筒检查孔为例,划分了4层含水段,求得了各含水层的水文地质参数,对荒径涌水量进行了预测;基本查明了井筒检查孔的含水性等水文地质特征,确定了注浆段,为矿山立井防治水方案提供了设计依据。     

Measurements of the Cognitive Level of Ecotourists for the Tourism Environment in the Mountain Resorts

Tourists are the main body of tourism activities, and studying the environmental cognition of tourists is beneficial for the environmental management of scenic spots. In this article, data obtained by questionnaire were used to compose a data matrix of 169×10 dimensions, and the cognitive level of ecotourists for the tourism environment was measured by two-way indicator species analysis (TWINSPAN) and detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) in Luya Mountain Nature Reserve. This analysis revealed three main points. (1) TWINSPAN divided all the samples into the strict environment protection type, the ordinary environment protection type, the occasional environment protection type, and the natural enjoyment type. Both the strict and ordinary environment protection types agreed with biocentrism and had a consciousness regarding the protection of nature, but the former advocated that tourism activities should be restricted in nature reserves, while the latter did not agree with restrictions on tourism activities. The occasional environment protection types denied biocentrism; on the one hand, they thought that nature should serve human beings, but on the other hand, they showed a tendency toward environmental protection. The natural enjoyment type argued that natural resources should be maximized to meet human needs. (2) There were significant correlations between the first axis of the DCA and gender, age, education, number of trips, and cognition of nature reserve function, and the second axis of DCA was significantly correlated with gender, age, and education level. Under the impact of all the factors in the DCA figure, ecotourist types transitioned gradually from the first type to the second, the third, and the fourth types along the diagonal line, and accordingly, their cognitive level for the tourism environment was reduced slowly. (3) For nature reserves, the strict environment protection type had 74 people, who was the most popular. The ordinary and occasional environment protection types had 43 people and 31 people, respectively, who should be strived to raise environmental awareness. The natural enjoyment type had 21 people, who must be systematically educated.     

长白山地区主要断裂带与地表温度场关系研究

基于Landsat 5 TM和Landsat 7 ETM+影像,采用辐射传输方程法反演长白山地区地表温度,以已知断裂带为中心线,向两侧相同范围做等间距划分,统计各等分带内的平均地表温度和平均距离,运用图形的形式展现温度场和断裂构造之间的关系,并用等分带平均温度和平均距离绘制相关性曲线来进一步描述温度场与主要断裂构造之间的关系。结果表明:9月份时区域内的6条断裂带与地表温度场相关性显著,区域特征稳定,等分带内距离断裂带越远,地表温度越低;4月份时地表温度场随断裂构造的变化趋势和11月份时地表温度场随断裂构造的变化趋势呈现出很大程度的吻合。区域内的北东向和近东西向断裂带,其地表温度场与断裂构造之间表现出一定的相关性,北西向的北岗断裂带、红旗村—天池断裂带以及漫江断裂带与地表温度场的相关性并不显著,红旗村—天池温度场与漫江温度场可能属于一个更大尺度的温度场的两侧。     

玉龙雪山冰川稳定同位素分馏冬夏对比

利用玉龙雪山白水1号冰川区冬季和夏季表面积雪、雪坑、融水以及白水河河水中δ¹⁸O资料,对比分析了冬季和夏季我国典型季风温冰川系统内稳定同位素分馏行为的差异。分析结果表明,夏季冰川系统内各水体相变过程中稳定同位素分馏程度均比冬季强烈,指示出夏季季风海洋型冰川强烈消融的特点。另外,不论是冬季还是夏季,从表面积雪到融水再到由融水补给的河流,δ¹⁸O垂直变化梯度依次增大,反映了从固态降雪向冰川融水补给的河流河水转换过程中,稳定同位素分馏程度逐渐增强,体现了沉积后过程对海洋型冰川区同位素记录的影响具有空间差异性。