渤海湾水生态环境现状和海岸带开发对其的影响研究

由于沿海地区经济迅速发展,越来越多的陆源污水排入渤海湾,渤海湾生态环境系统承受着巨大的压力。本文建立了渤海湾生态环境的多级指标体系,并根据2003年至2005年多次渤海湾监测资料对其现状进行了分析;然后进一步研究了由于围海造地、海水淡化等开发工程引起的近岸海域水动力条件和污染物输移的变化。结果表明,陆源污染物大量排放、沿海开发活动加剧是影响渤海湾水生态环境的主要原因。沿海围垦不仅导致潮通量减少,潮流作用减弱,而且影响近岸海域污染物的输移和分布。海水淡化高浓度盐水的排放也对近岸海域的水生态环境造成很大的影响。     

西沙海槽沉积模式

晚中新世琼东南盆地快速构造沉降,沉积欠补偿形成了西沙海槽。西沙海槽上部高陡带为悬浮沉积体系,下部低缓带为浊流滑塌沉积体系,槽底平缓带为河流沉积体系。不同于浊流沉积小而散,深海河流沉积为稳定的贯穿整个海槽的大储层。由于深海河流沉积体系稳、远、大的特点,其注定成为世界深水油气勘探的主要目标。     

Formation and evolution of the modem warm current system in the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea since the last deglaciation

To reconstruct the formation and evolution process of the warm current system within the East China Sea (ECS) and the Yellow Sea (YS) since the last deglaciation, the paleoceangraphic records in core DGKS9603, core CSH1 and core YSDPI02, which were retrieved from the mainstream of the Kuroshio Current (KC), the edge of the modem Tsushima Warm Current (TWC) and muddy region under cold waters accreted with the Yellow Sea Warm Current (YSWC) respectively, were synthetically analyzed. The results indicate that the formation and evolution of the modem warm current system in the ECS and the YS has been accompanied by the development of the KC and impulse rising of the sea level since the last deglaciation. The influence of the KC on the Okinawa Trough had enhanced since 16 cal kyr BE and synchronously the modem TWC began to develop with the rising of sea level and finally formed at about 8.5 cal kyr BP. The KC had experienced two weakening process during the Heinrich event 1 and the Younger Drays event from 16 to 8.5 cal kyr BP. The period of 7-6 cal kyr BP was the strongest stage of the KC and the TWC since the last deglaciation. The YSWC has appeared at about 6.4 cal kyr BP. Thus,the warm current system of the ECS and the YS has ultimately formed. The weakness of the KC,indicated by the occurrence of Pulleniatina minimum event (PME) during the period from 5.3 to 2.8 cal kyr BE caused the main stream of the TWC to shift eastward to the Pacific Ocean around about 3 cal kyr BP. The process resulted in the intruding of continent shelf cold water mass with rich nutrients. Synchronously, the strength of the YSWC was relatively weak and the related cold water body was active at the early-mid stage of its appearance against the PME background, which resulted in the quick formation of muddy deposit system in the southeastern YS. The strength of the warm current system in the ECS and the YS has enhanced evidently, and approached to the modern condition gradually since 3 cal kyr BP.     

我国职业健康安全管理体系的问题及对策

结合目前国内职业安全、职业健康方面的现状,分析存在的问题及原因,提出在当前形势下,需要政府、企业、员工以及全社会的共同努力,推进职业健康安全管理体系的建设。     

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ZDR柱识别方法在海南地区的应用

基于双偏振天气雷达的相关研究大部分集中在雷达如何识别粒子相态、精细化探测云系垂直结构方面,专门针对差分反射率因子ZDR柱的识别研究相对较少。通过对海南地区对流云系特征进行分析研究,提出一套基于双偏振雷达探测数据（2020—2021年）的ZDR柱识别方法,结合多源资料对发生在海南地区的2次对流天气过程展开分析,〖JP2〗验证ZDR柱识别效果。结果表明：①ZDR柱通常在对流云系前中期较为深厚,最大可达0 ℃层以上3～5 km,〖JP〗在空间分布上ZDR柱与雷达径向速度的辐合有密切关系,其正负径向速度对的差值与ZDR柱的强弱变化规律呈正相关,并且深厚的ZDR柱较大概率出现在对流云系运动方向的前缘位置,与对流云团雷达反射率因子较大区域（≥50 dBz）有明显的对应关系;②ZDR柱最大深度的变化趋势同雷达回波顶高和垂直累计液态水含量有弱相关性,雷达回波顶高和垂直累计液态水含量的变化通常滞后于ZDR柱深度的变化（约12～15 min）。该方法具备识别海南岛地区ZDR柱现象的能力,可以在分析强对流天气过程、人工影响天气指挥和短临灾害天气预警等方面发挥应用效益。     

武汉区域气象中心数值预报业务并行计算机系统

对武汉区域气象中心并行计算机系统进行了详细地介绍，分析了并行计算机体系结构、网络和存储系统特点；给出了在并行计算机SP上实现数值预报业务并行化的部分结果；对数值预报模式在串、并行编程环境下的结果进行了分析比较。     

汶川特大地震后安县疫情的地理流行病学分析方法

在分析汶川特大地震后安县2008年5~7月份的流行病学数据的过程中,作者探索了安县震后疫情地理分布、疾病构成、易感人群及其时序变化等特征的地理流行病学方法,并给出了有关专题地图、过程曲线和统计表格。它们能够形象、直观、准确地反映安县震后的疫情态势地理分布,进而使防控工作有的放矢、对症下药,收到事半功倍的效果。在此基础上,作者分析了地理流行病学方法的固有优势、实施关键、应用模式,以及今后的防治方向。为确保震后疫情流行病学数据在空间性、时效性和完整性上的质量,今后对地理流行病学方法的研究,应该从目前的疫情现状描述层次,尽快地向疫情分析预测、防控决策支持等层次延伸。