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991.
通过对比丘岭矿区采于同一层位、同一岩性的岩石一矿石的地球化学组成,应用质量平衡方程对该微细浸染型金矿床不同的岩石类型在金矿化过程中元素活动规律的计算结果表明,不同类型的岩石在矿化前后元素的迁入或迁出状况不同、质量盈亏情况不同,碎屑岩岩石矿化后其质量增加,碳酸盐岩石矿化后质量发生亏损;金矿化发生时,含矿溶液为一富SiO2富K^ 的酸性溶液,且金矿化发生于较为还原性的环境。 相似文献
992.
基于中国地球空间数据交换格式的数据转换方法 总被引:45,自引:1,他引:44
空间数据交换标准是国家空间数据基础设施的一个重要组成部分,也是目前实现空间数据共享的一个必要手段。国家技术监督局1999年8月2日发布了“中华人民共和国国家标准地球空间数据交换格式”(简称CNSDTF,标准编号:17798-1999)。本文简要介绍CNSDTF的设计思想、主要特征及数据结构,提出了推广我国空间交换格式,完善与国外GIS软件的数据接口向空间数据相互操作协议努力的方法,与加快我国国家空 相似文献
993.
994.
Verifying Inventory Predictions of Animal Methane Emissions with Meteorological Measurements 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
O. T. Denmead R. Leuning D. W. T. Griffith I. M. Jamie M. B. Esler L. A. Harper J. R. Freney 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》2000,96(1-2):187-209
The paper examines the strengths and weaknesses of a rangeof meteorological flux measurement techniques that mightbe used to verify predictions of greenhouse gas inventories.Recent research into emissions of methane (CH4)produced by enteric fermentation in grazing cattle and sheepis used to illustrate various methodologies. Quantifying thisimportant source presents special difficulties because the animalsconstitute moving, heterogeneously distributed, intermittent, pointsources. There are two general approaches: one, from the bottom up,involves direct measurements of emissions from a known number ofanimals, and the other, from the top down, infers areal emissions ofCH4 from its atmospheric signature. A mass-balance methodproved successful for bottom-up verification. It permits undisturbedgrazing, has a simple theoretical basis and is appropriate for fluxmeasurements on small plots and where there are scattered pointsources. The top-down methodologies include conventional flux-gradientapproaches and convective and nocturnal boundary-layer (CBL and NBL)budgeting schemes. Particular attention is given to CBL budget methods inboth differential and integral form. All top-down methodologies require ideal weather conditions for their application, and they suffer from the scattered nature of the source, varying wind directions and low instrument resolution. As for mass-balance, flux-gradient micrometeorological measurements were in good agreement with inventory predictions of CH4 production by livestock, but the standard errors associated with both methods were too large to permit detection of changes of a few per cent in emission rate, which might be important for inventory, regulatory or research purposes. Fluxes calculated by CBL and NBL methods were of the same order of magnitude as inventory predictions, but more improvement is needed before their use can be endorsed. Opportunities for improving the precision of both bottom-up and top-down methodologies are discussed. 相似文献
995.
996.
粉喷桩工程性状试验研究 总被引:16,自引:3,他引:13
对水泥加固土的工程特性进行了系统的研究。 现场开展了粉喷桩单桩及复合地基静载试验, 对粉喷桩复合地基承载力、桩土应力比及单桩荷载传递规律进行了分析和研究。取得了一些有益的结果, 这些结果对粉喷桩工程实践具有指导意义 相似文献
997.
998.
嵌岩桩荷载传递特性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对嵌岩桩荷载传递研究中存在的问题,根据桩体与围岩体接触面上的应力-应变关系以及剪滞模型,研究了嵌岩桩的荷载传递特性。推导了考虑桩、岩界面脱黏与完全黏结两种条件下嵌岩段侧阻力分布规律的计算公式。研究了桩、岩相对刚度、外荷载等级对荷载传递特性的影响,讨论了桩端荷载分担比例与嵌岩段所需埋设深度的关系等。研究成果对嵌岩桩设计具有指导意义。 相似文献
999.
1000.
We investigated the geographical variations in abundance and biomass of the major taxonomic groups of micro- and net-zooplankton along a transect through Ise Bay, central Japan, and neighboring Pacific Ocean in February 1995. The results were used to estimate their secondary and tertiary production rates and assess their trophic roles in this eutrophic embayment in winter. Ise Bay nourished a much higher biomass of both micro- and net-zooplankton (mean: 3.79 and 13.9 mg C m–3, respectively) than the offshore area (mean: 0.76 and 4.47 mg C m–3, respectively). In the bay, tintinnid ciliates, naked ciliates and copepod nauplii accounted for, on average, 69, 18 and 13% of the microzooplankton biomass, respectively. Of net-zooplankton biomass, copepods (i.e. Acartia, Calanus, Centropages, Microsetella and Paracalanus) formed the majority (mean: 63%). Average secondary production rates of micro- and net-zooplankton in the bay were 1.19 and 1.87 mg C m–3d–1 (or 23.1 and 36.4 mg C m–2d–1), respectively, and average tertiary production rate of net-zooplankton was 0.75 mg C m–3d–1 (or 14.6 mg C m–2d–1). Available data approximated average phytoplankton primary production rate as 1000 mg C m–2d–1 during our study period. The transfer efficiency from primary production to zooplankton secondary production was 6.0%, and the efficiency from secondary production to tertiary production was 25%. The amount of food required to support the zooplankton secondary production corresponded to 18% of the phytoplankton primary production or only 1.7% of the phytoplankton biomass, demonstrating that the grazing impact of herbivorous zooplankton was minor in Ise Bay in winter. 相似文献