豫西董家埝银矿床银的赋存状态研究

董家埝银矿床位于豫西小秦岭地区小河岩体的南缘,矿体赋存于中元古代小河岩体与太古界太华群、中元古界官道口群、早古生界寒武系及新生界第四系地层的接触部位。文章通过矿相学研究、电子探针定量分析、能谱半定量分析及电子探针面扫描分析等手段对该矿床矿石中银的赋存状态展开研究。结果表明,董家埝银矿床银矿物主要为自然银、辉银矿、硫锑铜银矿、金银矿、银金矿,载银矿物主要为黝铜矿、方铅矿、闪锌矿、黄铜矿,其中黝铜矿是银的主要载体矿物。银主要以可见银及不可见银赋存,可见银包括独立银矿物、显微包体银;不可见银包括晶格银、次显微包体银。赋存形式以独立银矿物、显微包体银及晶格银为主。     

Dynamic soil–structure interaction effects on the seismic response of suspension bridges

A stochastic approach has been formulated for the linear analysis of suspension bridges subjected to earthquake excitations. The transfer functions of various responses have been formulated while including the effects of dynamic Soil–Structure Interaction (SSI) via the use of the fixed-base modes of the structure. The excitation has been characterized by the ‘equivalent stationary’ processes corresponding to the free-field motions at each support and by an assumed coherency function between these motions. The proposed formulation considers the non-stationarity in the structural response due to sudden application of excitation by considering (i) the time-dependent frequency response functions, and (ii) the order statistics formulation for the peak factors in evolutionary response processes. The formulation has been illustrated by analysing the seismic response of the Golden Gate Bridge at San Francisco for two example excitations conforming to USNRC-specified design spectra. The significance of various governing parameters on the dynamic soil–structure interaction effects on the seismic response of suspension bridges has also been studied. It has been found that the contribution of the vertical component of ground motion to the bridge response increases with increasing soil compliance. Also, the extent to which the spatial variation of ground motion affects the bridge response depends on how significant the SSI effects are. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.     

Geochemistry and Modes of Occurrence of Hazardous Trace Elements in the No. 11 Coal Seam, Antaibao Surface Mine, Shanxi Province

Concentrations of seventeen hazardous trace elements including As, Pb, Hg, Se, Cd, Cr, Co, Mo, Mn, Ni, U, V, Th, Be, Sb, Br and Zn in the No.ll coal seam, Antaibao surface mine, Shanxi Province were determined using Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis （INAA）, Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry （ICP-AES）, Cold-Vapor Atomic Absorption Spectrometry （CV-AAS） and Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry （GF-AAS）. Comparisons with average concentrations of trace elements in Chinese coal show that the concentrations of Hg and Cd in the No. 11 coal seam, Antaibao surface mine are much higher. They may be harmful to the environment in the process of utilization. The variations of the trace elements contents and pyritic suffur in vertical section indicated that： （a） the concentrations of As, Pb, Mn, and pyritic sulfur decrease from roof to floor; （b） the concentrations of Cr, Zn and Mo are higher in roof, floor and lower in coal seam; （c） the concentration of Br, Sb, and Hg are higher in coal seam and lower in roof and floor; （d） the concentrations of Mo, V, Th and AI vary consistently with the ash yield. Cluster analysis of trace elements, pyritic sulfur, ash yield and major elements, such as AI, Fe, P, Ca shows that： （a） pyritic sulfur, Fe, As, Mn, Ni, Be are closely associated and reflect the influence of pyrite; （b） Mo, Se, Pb, Cr, Th, Co, Ca and A! are related to clay mineral, which is the main source of ash; （c） U, Zn, V, Na, P maybe controlled by phosphate or halite; （d） Hg, Br, Sb and Cd may be mainly organic-associated elements which fall outside the three main groups. The concentration distribution characteristics of trace elements in coal seam and the cluster analysis of major and trace elements showed that the contents of trace elements in the No. 11 coal seam, Antaibao surface mine, are mainly controlled by detrital input and migration from roof and floor.     

广州古代港—城空间关系演化

以古代广州港—城空间关系的发展演化为实证案例,采用历史地理的研究方法,探讨了中国古代长时间跨度视角下港—城空间关系发展演化的规律特征。结果表明：城市与港口发展之间形成了唇齿相依的紧密联系,港—城空间关系发展演化呈现出明显的规律性特征;古代港口具有重要的交通和商贸功能,码头毗邻地区往往发展成为重要的城市商贸区;港口通过毗邻城市功能区的发育,影响城市空间拓展的方向;自然环境变迁、航运技术变革、交通商贸变化以及政治军事的考量等因素综合作用,驱动港—城空间关系不断发展演化;古代广州港—城空间关系的演化模式明显有别于西方学者归纳的理论模式。     

二维GaAs 基光子晶体微腔的制作与光谱特性分析

研究了以InAs量子点为有源区的二维GaAs基光子晶体微腔的设计与制作,测试并分析了室温下微腔的光谱特性.观察到了波长约为1137 nm,谱线半高宽度约为1 nm的尖锐低阶谐振模式发光峰.我们比较了不同刻蚀条件下光子晶体微腔的发光谱线,结果表明空气孔洞截面的垂直度是影响光子晶体微腔发光特性的重要因素之一.通过调节干法刻蚀工艺,改变空气孔半径与晶格常数的比率,可以在较大范围内调节谐振模式发光峰位置,达到谐振模式与量子点发光峰调谐的目的.     

简正模频率的地壳改正效应

该文通过对CRUST2.0+PREM 16200个区域一维地球模型简正模频率的计算,得到简正模非线性地壳改正效应.结果表明:地壳改正的非线性化改正不可或缺,对于低频简正模,其影响较小;对于高频简正模,其影响较大,这一变化遵循能量密度函数分布规律.此外,该文将CRUST2.0网格数据展开成球谐函数,并在此基础上计算了地壳侧向非均匀导致的二阶谱峰分裂系数.将其与地幔对应系数比较得出:前者造成的简正模谱峰分裂通常远远小于后者;地壳造成的二阶谱峰分裂主要贡献来自于间断面地形起伏(地壳厚度等)而非地壳的侧向非均匀参数扰动;在反演地幔结构时必须扣除地壳对简正模谱峰分裂系数的影响.     

大都市边缘区小城镇整合发展模式研究--以吴江东部临沪地区为例

位于上海大都市边缘的吴江东部地区是一个典型的小城镇群,这一地区具有区位双重性、经济高速发展、空间本底碎化、生态环境脆弱、水乡文化多元化等特点。文章首先分析了小城镇群分散发展过程中产生的一系列问题,这些问题涉及到该区的行政区划、生态环境、社会经济、城市化与文化等方面。然后,基于吴江东部地区的区位优势,以该区行政区划调整的良好契机为背景,针对已经产生的问题,提出了基于区域重新定位和空间整合规划的小城镇整合发展模式,主要从“产业集群”的经济发展模式、“二次集聚”的城市化发展模式、“新水乡文化”的文脉传承模式对该区今后的发展提供了新的思路。     

基于瑞利波高阶模式反演的实验研究

通过超声实验研究了沿分层介质,特别是含有低速层的分层介质传播的瑞利波频散特征. 分别对有机玻璃/钢构成的两层速度递增的半空间和铝/有机玻璃/钢构成的含有低速层的三层半空间进行了超声探测实验,采用频率波数分析方法分析了多模式的瑞利波频散曲线,对于速度递增的两层半空间,得到了第一和第二个模式的频散曲线; 对于含有低速层的三层介质,实验得到的频散曲线在不同频段对应不同的模式,从而在模式之间产生跳跃, 分析表明模式跳跃是由各个模式在表面位移幅度的不同分布引起的. 文中明确指出了低速层存在时,反演研究不仅要考虑各模式的频散特性,同时还要考虑不同模式在表面的位移分布情况,给出了低速层存在时的反演方法,避免了模式的误判. 利用遗传算法对两种实验模型的介质参数进行了反演,得到了和实际参数吻合的反演结果.     

弯剪型悬臂结构损伤识别的柔度法

本文将高层建筑、烟囱等高柔结构当作弯剪型悬臂结构,提出了一种利用结构动力模态数据识别结构损伤的柔度方法,本文方法的特别是所需模态阶数少,便于实际应用,算例和试验分析表明,本文方法是可行的。