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21.
Participatory slum upgrading as a disjunctive process in Recife,Brazil: Urban coproduction and the absent ground of the city 下载免费PDF全文
Pieter de Vries 《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2016,37(3):295-309
This article engages with the coproduction of urban space by focusing on a slum upgrading project in Recife, Brazil. It argues that the urban situation is essentially inconsistent, unpredictable and unstable. It documents the history of urban planning in Recife, paying special attention to the coexistence of two different planning traditions, one aimed at what city planners call the informal city, which is participatory, bottom up and democratic, yet susceptible to be corrupted by political clientelism, and another aimed at the formal city, which is ‘strategic’, top down, technocratic and neoliberal. It argues that the informal/formal binary operates as a disjunctive synthesis that separates social actors rather than connecting them and provides the coordinates within which processes of coproduction take place. The disjunctive synthesis renders possible all sorts of fantastic imaginations that both disavow and reveal the missing ground of the city. Community leaders play a central role in the coproduction of urban space and function as the symptom of this absent ground. The article concludes that participatory urban development interventions aiming to curtail the role of community leaders end up as veritable tyrannies of participation, which should be seen as evidence of the disjointed character of planning rather than as forms of effective governmentality. 相似文献
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地理科学领域知识创新工作是中国科学院知识创新工程的重要组成部分。在知识创新工程的启动阶段和全面推进阶段,通过研究机构的结构性调整与重组、重要科研项目的启动和实施、学科支撑体系的加强等,在地理科学领域的理论创新与技术进步、人才队伍的培养与形成、可持续发展能力的增强等方面均取得重要进展。对地理科学的发展态势及知识创新中需要关注的几个问题进行了探讨,对下一阶段中国科学院地理科学领域知识创新工作进行了展望。 相似文献
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依据新疆南北天山带地震预报实践中b值和η值的异常判据,对运用于地震预报专家系统(ESCEP)测震学方法的主要异常判别指标进行了个性,并对个性前后的计算结果进行了对比分析,对预报效能进行了评价。结果表明,个性后的专家系统知识库预报效能明显提高,虚报和漏报率明显下降,预报效能明显提高,虚报和漏报率明显下降,预报效能通过检验,说明修改后了专场主家系统知识库更适合新疆地区中短期地震预报。 相似文献
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地理信息系统支持下的山区遥感影像决策树分类 总被引:6,自引:2,他引:6
山区遥感影像分类是遥感研究的一大难题。本文利用一种决策树生成算法(C 4.5算法)自动提取知识,基于知识建立决策树用于山区影像分类,并结合研究区土地利用类型与DEM空间统计关系的先验知识,在GIS空间分析的基础上进行影像分类的后处理。与传统的最大似然法分类结果相比,该方法极大地改善了山区地表覆被分类的精度,得到试验区较为可靠的遥感分类图像。 相似文献
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《Marine Policy》2017
This paper reports on progress in developing a regional research and education strategy for Pacific Island countries and communities wishing to transition to a low carbon sea transport future. Sea transport is an absolute necessity for most such communities. All current services are fossil fuel based and are becoming increasingly unaffordable and unsustainable. The countries in the Pacific region are the most dependent on imported fossil fuels in the world, importing more than 95% of needs. Such dependency is having a crippling effect on national budgets and major impacts on key productive sectors. The region's transport issues are unique; small and vulnerable economies scattered at the ends of some of the longest transportation routes in the world and arguably the most challenging to maintain per capita and per sea mile. Alternatives to current fossil fuel powered sea transport have been almost totally ignored in recent regional and national debates and the issue has been largely invisible within the policy and donor strategy space at all levels despite concerted efforts over more than two decades to transition Pacific countries' electricity sector fossil fuel use. The University of the South Pacific has been collaborating with a network of stakeholders and knowledge partners since 2012 to advance this agenda, building off previous doctoral research and the resultant Sustainable Sea Transport Talanoa 2012. Prasad et al. (2013) set out the basis for a catalytic research program following from the consensually agreed outputs of SSTT 2012 and this paper records the progress made since. 相似文献
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Thirty years(1984–2014) of groundwater science teaching and research in China: A dissertation-based bibliometric survey 下载免费PDF全文
ZHAI Yuan-zheng JIANG Shi-jie TENG Yan-guo WANG Jin-sheng GU Hong-biao XIE Liang YIN Zhi-hua 《地下水科学与工程》2015,3(3):222-237
In order to track the footprint of groundwater science teaching and research in China during the past years, a bibliometric analysis was conducted based on the database of China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), which covered the time span from 1984 to present and included more than 2.6 million master and doctoral dissertations from hundreds of institutions of Mainland China. The bibliometric analysis summarized output, geographical, and institutional patterns, as well as research directions and hotspots in groundwater studies in China in the period of 1984-2014. A total of 1 396 groundwater-related dissertations including 1 161 master dissertations and 235 doctoral dissertations, contributed by 128 institutions distributed in 53 cities nationwide, were searched out in the database. It can be seen obviously that, the groundwater science teaching and research in China has experienced a notable growth in the past three decades especially during 2000-2014. Groundwater modeling, resource, and exploitation were the top three major subject categories; China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Jilin University and Chang’an University were the top three productive institutions together accounting for more than one third of the total dissertations and 50% of the doctoral dissertations, which further prompted the cities (Beijing, Changchun, and Xi’an) to become the top three productive cities. The dissertations generally covered all the international research topics, which indicated that hydrogeologists in China have tracked the international frontier closely during the past decades. The keywords analysis revealed that, (1) numerical modeling was still the hottest topic and PHREEQC, MODFLOW, GMS, and FEFLOW were the four most used softwares; (2) the topics related with groundwater pollution and quality developed steadily and rapidly; (3) environmental isotopes and GIS were frequently used tools for hydrogeological condition analysis, and spatial data processing respectively; and (4) the unsaturated zone as an integral part of aquifers attracted more and more attentions from hydrogeologists focus on saturated zone. 相似文献
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