前寒武纪地质学研究进展与前景

前寒武纪地质学是地质科学重要分支学科之一,以地球早期演化历史为主要研究对象。近几年我国前寒武纪地层学、前寒武纪构造演化、前寒武纪古生物学和前寒武纪成矿作用等方面的研究取得重要进展。在高精度微区测年技术的支持下,相继建立了鞍山、泰山和五台山等早前寒武纪经典地区的年代格架,推动了华北克拉通早前寒武纪构造格架的研究;中国晚前寒武纪Rodinia超大陆的研究引起了国内外地学界的广泛参与和关注。震旦系陡山沱组古生物研究取得重要突破,明确的年龄和丰富的早期动物化石记录使华南的震旦系成为研究埃迪卡拉时期古环境和生物演化的理想地区。从下马岭组、铁岭组和高于庄组中新获得的锆石U-Pb年龄为华北中元古代地层格架的重新建立提供了重要的年代学制约。尽管我国前寒武纪地质研究取得了重要进展,但目前依然面临着严峻的挑战,人才流失和创新能力不足成为制约学科发展的瓶颈。但是,对我国社会经济发展有重要影响的大宗矿产多与前寒武纪相关,经济快速发展对资源的强烈需求为前寒武纪地质学学科发展提供了新的机遇。     

基于规范知识的隧道围岩快速分类

总结公路隧道设计规范中的围岩分类知识,运用专家系统技术,开发了一个隧道围岩分类程序SUROC,初步应用于实际工程表明程序可用于公路隧道围岩实时、快速分类。     

Aims and Scopc

正Being an international journal,China Ocean Engineering takes as its prime function the integration of nev\research concepts,equipment,technology,materials and structures and olhcr scientific advances within the field of cstuarial.coastal.ot Tshorc.and deepwater engineering with particular reference to developments.The Journal is conccrncd with all engineering     

The comparison of PCA and discrete rough set for feature extraction of remote sensing image classification – A case study on rice classification, Taiwan

Texture information offers an extensive solution for image classification by providing better accuracy of image information. However, huge amounts of improper additional texture information may result in a chaotic state, and this leads to uncertainty in the classification process. Considerable portion of earlier works have been carried out through the generally acknowledged procedure of Principal Components Analysis (PCA). However, the PCA method has flaws in the area of influenced and non- influenced attributes. On the whole, whether PCA provides an effective solution to determine the value of knowledge rule in image information still remains a question. This study proposes an innovative method, called Discrete Rough Set method, as a tool for image classification. This study focuses on two crucial issues: (1) The core attributes of the target categories in image classification are systematically analyzed while eliminating surplus attributes rationally; (2) The unique point of each attribute, which influenced the target categories, is successfully found. This is a crucial aspect that is very helpful for the construction of decision rule. Finally, in this study we utilized the expert knowledge classifier and the overall accuracy of Discrete Rough Set (96.67%) exceeds that of the conventional PCA (86.00%) of paddy rice area evaluation from Quickbird image. This result shows that the appropriate classification knowledge can be presented by Discrete Rough Set, and this information can effectively improve the accuracy of image classification. An erratum to this article can be found at     

Sinkhole hazard assessment in Minnesota using a decision tree model

An understanding of what influences sinkhole formation and the ability to accurately predict sinkhole hazards is critical to environmental management efforts in the karst lands of southeastern Minnesota. Based on the distribution of distances to the nearest sinkhole, sinkhole density, bedrock geology and depth to bedrock in southeastern Minnesota and northwestern Iowa, a decision tree model has been developed to construct maps of sinkhole probability in Minnesota. The decision tree model was converted as cartographic models and implemented in ArcGIS to create a preliminary sinkhole probability map in Goodhue, Wabasha, Olmsted, Fillmore, and Mower Counties. This model quantifies bedrock geology, depth to bedrock, sinkhole density, and neighborhood effects in southeastern Minnesota but excludes potential controlling factors such as structural control, topographic settings, human activities and land-use. The sinkhole probability map needs to be verified and updated as more sinkholes are mapped and more information about sinkhole formation is obtained.     

中国油气地球化学理论研究进展

本文全面地,概括性地论述了目前中国在石油和天然气地球化学理论研究方面的现状和进展,包括非常规油气藏地球化学,油藏地球化学和天然气地球化学三个方面,其中,在非常规油气藏部分又分陆相低熟油气地球化学,高－过成熟油气地球化学（中国海相碳酸盐岩的油气生成）和煤成油气地球化学三个部分讨论。     

Illuminating the practice of Knowledge Exchange as a ‘pathway to impact’ within an Arts and Humanities Research Council ‘Creative Economy Knowledge Exchange’ project

This article is concerned with the practice of Knowledge Exchange (KE) within the creative economy. Drawing on material collected as part of an ethnographic study of a small creative business support agency – Cultural Enterprise Office – based in Glasgow, Scotland, the article argues for a nuanced consideration of the complexities of doing KE in the creative economy. The study in question was titled ‘Supporting Creative Business’ and was funded by the Arts and Humanities Research Council under its Creative Economy Knowledge Exchange programme. This article describes the practice of KE, and the role that it might play as a ‘pathway to impact’. I explore the often-mundane activities that constitute KE ‘on the ground’, and argue for further attention to be paid to what I call ‘informal KE’. This article contributes directly to ongoing debates in geography about the effect that the impact agenda is having on academic practice. More specifically, the article examines the role of academics vis-à-vis consultants and other knowledge producers within the creative economy.     

Bridging the knowledge divide between public and experts using PGIS for land use planning in Malaysia

Ineffective public participation in land-use planning contributes to the lack of communication and understanding between the public and experts, acting as a barrier to successful planning outcomes. In this study, we assess whether Participatory GIS (PGIS) is a suitable method to bridge the communication gap between the public and expert knowledge for planning in the developing country context of Malaysia. Through a mixed methods approach, we investigate whether expert knowledge converges or diverges with the public's perceived knowledge obtained through a PGIS process and assess the potential benefits of PGIS from public and expert planning perspectives. The results indicate more convergence than divergence in knowledge and perspective, indicating that a PGIS process can communicate local knowledge to planning authorities to inform land use and development planning in Malaysia. Both the public and planning experts recognize the potential benefits of PGIS, but successful implementation will require major changes in traditional Malaysian public participation processes.     

渤,黄海冬季强冷空气智能预报决策系统

冬季强冷空气造成的大风对海上船只影响较大，所以对于强冷空气影响的时间和强度的预报至为重要。本文借鉴了决策支持系统的研制方法，建立了渤、黄海冬季强冷空气智能预报决策系统。该系统拥有数据库及其管理系统、模型库及其管理系统、知识库和内部通讯系统；该系统采用了定量预报加定性分析的方法，把数学模型与预报员的经验有机地结合到一起。     

●●以下19篇文章网络预出版（在线出版）于2023年8月20日，预计刊于《地质论评》2023年第69卷第5、6期或2024年第70卷第1期(2023年9、11月或2024年1月15日发行纸质版）

遗迹化石是研究古环境、古气候、地层旋回性及其全球成因动力学研究的有效载体。遗迹化石是某种环境条件下生物行为习性的直接证据,是沉积环境的灵敏指示剂,对探讨生物行为习性的演化、生物的多样性、生物地层学、事件地层学、储层地质学等都具有重要的理论意义和应用价值。基于此,本文选取CNKI核心合集数据库中的数据,对1954~2022年遗迹化石相关文献进行系统整理,采用Microsoft Excel 2016和CiteSpace 6.1.R2 软件对文献类型分布、年度发文数量、国家、机构、期刊、作者、高引文献、突现关键词等进行分析,构建和绘制各单元间相互关系,以探求研究领域关键路径及知识拐点,进而挖掘所蕴含的新知识,预测学科研究趋势。研究表明：①我国遗迹化石领域研究发文量最多的机构是河南理工大学;发文量最多的学者是胡斌;被引频次最多的论文作者是龚一鸣;我国遗迹化石的研究主要以国家层面的基金资助为主。②系统发展阶段,我国遗迹化石研究区主要集中在贵阳、新疆;创新发展阶段,研究区主要集中在河南、四川等地。③中国寒武系的遗迹化石研究主要集中在河南省、云南省和贵州省境内;奥陶系、志留系和泥盆系中的遗迹化石研究主要集中在贵州、陕西、新疆塔里木盆地、准噶尔盆地、湖南等地。石炭系—二叠系的遗迹化石研究主要集中在新疆准噶尔盆地西北部、柴达木盆地南缘等地;三叠系的遗迹化石研究主要集中在扬子地区。本文基于新的研究思路和方法,系统分析了国内遗迹化石研究现状和趋势,对于进一步了解遗迹化石具有指导意义。