网格地理信息服务生命周期管理研究

为了实现网格地理信息服务系统中服务资源的高效享用和可控管理,研究网格地理信息服务生命周期管理问题。从服务资源自身的生命周期、服务资源在注册中心中的生命周期和服务资源在虚拟组织中的生命周期三方面出发研究服务资源的生命周期管理问题。最后研究基于盟主的虚拟组织生命周期管理问题。     

基于GM(1,1)灰色模型卫星钟差短期预报的精度分析

为了提高GPS快速单点定位的精度,必须及时获得高精度的精密星历。基于卫星钟差变化的灰色特性,建立GPS卫星钟差GM(1,1)灰色模型,对卫星钟差进行短期预报。计算结果表明,灰色模型GM(1,1)用于卫星钟差短期预报,只需要使用少数几个历元的已知卫星钟差进行建模,不仅减少建模数据量,提高建模速度,而且预报精度较高,可以满足GPS快速单点定位的实际需要;并对卫星搭载的原子钟精度进行分析,得出基于灰色模型GM(1,1)分析的Rb钟的精度和稳定性要优于Cs钟。     

基于分离式金字塔模型的测绘立体影像数据检索系统设计与实现

针对立体影像数据查询检索的现状,找出其在测绘应用中的不足。首先搭建测绘影像数据检索系统的总体框架,其次提出对测绘立体影像数据进行基于分离式金字塔模型的瓦片处理并且对其创建混合网格索引(HGI),最后根据其不同的检索功能运用不同的检索算法,基于B/S结构,运用ArcSDE、Oracle相关组件、Tomcat相关网络技术,采用VS.NET2005(C#)、AE等开发实现多功能的测绘立体影像数据检索系统。     

Paleoproterozoic volcanic rocks in the southern margin of the North China Craton,central China:Implications for the Columbia supercontinent

The volcanic rocks of the Xiong'er Group are situated in the southern margin of the North China Craton(NCC).Research on the Xiong er Group is important to understand the tectonic evolution of the NCC and the Columbia supercontinent during the Paleoproterozoic.In this study,to constrain the age of the Xiong'er volcanic rocks and identify its tectonic environment,we report zircon LA-ICP-MS data with Hf isotope,whole-rock major and trace element compositions and Sr-Nd-Pb-Hf isotopes of the volcanic rocks of the Xiong'er Group.The Xiong'er volcanic rocks mainly consist of basaltic andesite,andesite.dacite and rhyolite,with minor basalt.Our new sets of data combined with those from previous studies indicate that Xiong'er volcanism should have lasted from 1827 Ma to 1746 Ma as the major phase of the volcanism.These volcanics have extremely low MgO.Cr and Ni contents,are enriched in LREEs and LILEs but depleted in HFSEs(Nb,Ta,and Ti),similar to arc-related volcanic rocks.They are characterized by negative zircon ε_(Hf)_(t) values of-17.4 to 8.8,whole-rock initial ~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr values of 0.7023 to 0.7177 andε_(Nd)(t) values of-10.9 to 6.4.and Pb isotopes(~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb =14.366-16.431,~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb =15.106-15.371,~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb= 32.455-37.422).The available elemental and Sr-Nd-Pb-Hf isotope data suggest that the Xiong'er volcanic rocks were sourced from a mantle contaminated by continental crust.The volcanic rocks of the Xiong'er Group might have been generated by high-degree partial melting of a lithospheric mantle that was originally modified by oceanic subduction in the Archean.Thus,we suggest that the subduction-modified lithospheric mantle occurred in an extensional setting during the breakup of the Columbia supercontinent in the Late Paleoproterozoic,rather than in an arc setting.     

中国林业可持续发展及其关键科学问题

在扼要介绍和分析中国森林资源的状况、演变和存在问题的基础上,着重探讨了中国林业可持续发展的战略和为实现林业可持续发展所必需研究解决的关键科学问题。在林业可持续发展战略部分全面论述了它的前提、目标、方针和六项对策措施。在关键科学问题部分则分别从森林的环境功能、森林的生产功能、林木遗传改良、森林保护和森林资源管理等五个方面列出所需要研究解决的关键科学问题,为制订今后的科学研究规划提供参考。     

Conceptual Framework for Key Element Identification in Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (IAHS): Case of Honghe Hani Rice Terraces System in China

With the continuous emergence of global development problems, the dynamic conservation and sustainable development of Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (IAHS) have been assigned greater importance. However, due to the complex structure, multi-component, dynamic, and open characteristics of IAHS, there are neglected problems which need to be solved in conservation practice, such as component element ambiguity, obscurity of the conservation redline, etc. This study defined the concept of key elements (KE) of IAHS, put forward a conceptual framework of KE identification, conducted empirical research by taking Honghe County of Honghe Hani Rice Terraces System (HHRTS) as an example and analyzed the level of recognition motivations for different stakeholder groups. The following conclusions were drawn: 1) The KE of HHRTS are grain crops, rice species biodiversity, terrace construction and maintenance technique, Hani traditional festivals, Hani traditional foods, and virgin forest; 2) The reasons behind the KE priorities of farmers, businessmen and tourists were at the micro level, the reasons of officers were at the middle level and the reasons of researchers were at the macro level. The empirical study conducted in HHRTS showed that the proposed conceptual framework could identify KE of IAHS effectively, and provided a theoretical perspective for the structuring of and essential need for IAHS research. Moreover, the KE recognition levels of different stakeholder groups reflected their potential action strategies. We should focus on the coherence of policies and measures in both the microscale and macroscale to balance the diversified demands of stakeholders, and to stimulate their enthusiasm for participation in the conservation in order to improve the management level of IAHS sites.     

复杂条件陆-气相互作用研究领域有关科学问题探讨

实际大气都是在复杂条件之下,所以复杂条件带来的问题已成为陆-气相互作用研究领域面临的最大科学挑战,严重制约了该领域研究成果在解决实际天气气候问题中的应用。在概要总结近年来中国复杂条件陆-气作用研究领域进展的基础上,对复杂条件下陆-气相互作用有关的科学问题进行了探讨。从陆面过程和大气边界层这两个陆-气相互作用的关键环节分析了影响陆-气相互作用复杂条件的机制,归纳了复杂条件下陆-气相互作用研究领域面临的关键科学问题。同时,以复杂下垫面陆面过程和非均匀大气边界层问题为重点讨论了突破复杂条件陆-气相互作用关键科学问题的基本思路,并对进一步开展复杂条件陆-气相互作用研究提出了初步的科学建议。      

Deep structure of the Amur lithospheric Plate border zone

Based on the study of the deep Amur Plate border structure, seismogravimetric (density) and geoelectric sections of the plate lithosphere crossing geologically and seismically defined plate boundaries are compiled to construct a three-dimensional model of its lithosphere. The model demonstrates the almost ring structure of the plate with its inner part dipping for 50 km and uplifted fringing. The plate boundary zone consists of orogenic belts (Mongol-Okhotsk, Selenga-Stanovoi, Transbaikal, and Sikhote-Alin) and margins of the Siberian and North China platforms. The plate boundaries are described by mantle diapirism models with a largely bilateral inclined dip of its bordering belts.     

极地海岸带调查及前沿问题探析

文章提出了“极地海岸带”这一概念,并从海岸带内涵的视角深入阐述了极地海岸带的定义和范围,全面分析了极地海岸带的特殊性和重要性。从调查监测技术发展和涉及学科领域两个角度梳理总结了与极地海岸带相关的调查监测实践。同时,分析了极地海岸带调查研究的前沿问题,提出了极地海岸带资源生态要素的调查监测发展方向,即充分利用遥感和现场探测手段,以较低成本来探明大空间尺度和长时间序列下的极地海岸带区域资源环境生态要素与时空变化特征。最后,构建了“双源数据挖掘-空间耦合模拟-区域综合评估-影响模拟预测”的知识与技术体系,为我国构建极地海岸带区域资源生态管理与保护政策体系提供科技支撑。     

GC/MS Nontarget Analysis to Examine an Organic Groundwater Contamination. Part II: Graphical and Multivariate Methods for Searching Key Substances

GC/MS Nontarget Analysis to Examine an Organic Groundwater Contamination. Part II: Graphical and Multivariate Methods for Searching Key Substances In the nontarget analysis, a maximum of organic substances was extracted by a sequence which separates high polar, medium polar, and nonpolar compounds. This leads to the detection of 477 different organic substances in the example of the groundwater contamination investigated. To reduce the high expense for an exact identification of 477 compounds as a first step the individual compound is defined as a data set of retention time and the mass spectrum belonging to this retention time. The table of data contains now 477 individual compounds in groundwater samples collected at 10 different locations. The application of mathematical filters helps to reduce the size of the data set. Graphical methods enable large amounts of data to be visualized in a clear manner and enable to detect patterns in a data set. These patterns are the key to select typical compounds as indicator substances for the contamination source as well as the geogenic background. Similarities between the groundwater samples should not be changed by selection of the indicator compounds. Therefore, cluster analysis was applied as a controlling instrument for the final selection of the indicator compounds. The combination of graphical and multivariate data analysis is a useful tool to deduce indicator compounds for monitoring and control of complex environmental pollution states.