Analysis and application of pseudo-offset method in the converted-wave prestack time migration

Pseudo-offset migration （POM） is a new method for prestack time migration of converted waves that improves on equivalent-offset migration （EOM）. The mapping of POM is different than EOM but the purpose of the two methods is to map the input samples to the common conversion scatter point （CCSP） gathers. This paper introduces the principles of the two migration methods and model parameter sensitivity tests for both POM and EOM. At large offset-to-depth ratios the hyperbolic approximation, the three-term approximation and the double square root （DSR） equation are used to NMO-correct the mapped POM gathers to obtain more accurate migration velocities. These equations were derived and calculated by small pseudo offset. POM is then used to image complex structure and prestack time migration.     

一种遥感图像的坐标转换方法

在遥感应用中,要将遥感影像的空间信息转换到其他坐标系中,一般通过几何校正来实现。这种方法工作量大而且不可避免会引入新的误差。本文从坐标转换的角度出发,通过事先计算两个坐标系之间的转换参数,结合遥感影像中储存空间信息的方式,推导出遥感图像坐标转换的计算公式,并由此推导出根据坐标转换参数计算重采样像元坐标变换函数。根据本文提出方法,可以很方便地实现遥感图像的坐标转换,将遥感图像的空间信息转换到不同坐标系下。     

测船处瞬时潮位的GPS精密确定

利用GPS载波相位差分测量技术，借助时间偏差改正、姿态改正、高程转换、信号处理和吃水改正，获得了测船处精密在航潮位。该方法已在几个GPS在航潮位测量实验中得到了验证，并取得了理想的结果。     

大地电磁地形校正—以镇巴区块为例

地形起伏大会严重影响大地电磁测深的解释效果,不同的地形特征将会造成不同的影响,可以采用一定的校正方法压制或消除这种影响。本文以镇巴区块为例研究了地形影响的特点,实现了地形校正。解释结果清楚地显示出镇巴区块几条主要断裂以及存在推覆体,与该区构造特征基本一致。     

用GGX-9型原子吸收辅助软件实现数据的快速处理

随着分析仪器的广泛应用，样品测量浓度校正问题也越来越突出。作者采用VB6．0编程工具编制了原子吸收辅助处理软件，并在GGX-9型原子吸收分光光度计上得到了良好应用。     

The ellipsoidal correction to the Stokes kernel for precise geoid determination

Solving the geodetic boundary-value problem (GBVP) for the precise determination of the geoid requires proper use of the fundamental equation of physical geodesy as the boundary condition given on the geoid. The Stokes formula and kernel are the result of spherical approximation of this fundamental equation, which is a violation of the proper relation between the observed quantity (gravity anomaly) and the sought function (geoid). The violation is interpreted here as the improper formulation of the boundary condition, which implies the spherical Stokes kernel to be in error compared with the proper kernel of integral transformation. To remedy this error, two correction kernels to the Stokes kernel were derived: the first in both closed and spectral forms and the second only in spectral form. Contributions from the first correction kernel to the geoid across the globe were [−0.867 m, +1.002 m] in the low-frequency domain implied by the GRIM4-S4 purely satellite-derived geopotential model. It is a few centimeters, on average, in the high-frequency domain with some exceptions of a few meters in places of high topographical relief and sizable geological features in accordance with the EGM96 combined geopotential model. The contributions from the second correction kernel to the geoid are [−0.259 m, +0.217 m] and [−0.024 m, +0.023 m] in the low- and high-frequency domains, respectively.     

多功能海底大地电磁数据处理软件包

作者在本文中详细地介绍了“863计划”项目“海底大地电磁数据处理和解释系统研究”所取得的成果。本系统功能强大,既能对海底数据进行畸变改正、压制噪声、二维正反演、三维正演,又能对中国南海、东海典型地段进行正演模拟。     

西部地震资料主要处理技术研究

西部地区地表情况多样,资料品质较差,多属低信噪比资料。这对类资料,静校正叠前去噪及速度分析等技术是非常重要的基础工作。针对西部地区不同的资料采用相应的静校正方式,在叠前去噪方面,就FK域倾角滤波方法的应用上进行了改进,克服了该方法一些“蚯蚓化”、“假构造”等弊端,总结出一套切实可行的尤其是用于西部资料的去噪方法。并针对多次波的特点,采用时间域,频率域及τp域等多种方式进行多次压制,在西部资料的处理中取得了较好的效果。     

光电测距仪的乘常数问题

讨论了光电测距仪的乘常数问题,并举出了按光电测距仪检定规程（试行）JJG703－90检测得到的乘常数（R）不正确的例子,分析了R误差大的原因。