HYOROTRAC单频测深仪在二滩水电站库区泥沙淤积监测中的应用

迄今为止，声纳技术应用于江、河、湖、海水下地形测量，特别在大面积、深水域是最便捷、最有效的方法。本文着重阐述了HYOROTRAC单频测深仪在二滩水电站库区泥沙淤积监测中的应用，并解决了长期以来数据处理中忽视的问题。     

AMTIS大气订正算法——基于MODTRAN4．1与BRDF大气订正环

基于BRDF大气订正环的途径和核驱动模型 ,用MODTRAN创建大气参数查找表 (LookUpTable LUT) ,加入地表先验知识 ,对AMTIS(AirborneMulti angleTIR/NIRImagingSystem AMTIS)的可见光、近红外波段数据进行了大气订正 ,并根据地面数据进行了验证。结果表明 ,采用本文算法比基于地表朗伯假定的大气订正能更有效地去除大气影响     

基于DEM的ETM+图像辐射校正及汉江流域反照率的计算

对Gilabert[1]大气校正方法进行改进,提出了一种简单易行的辐射校正方法。该方法只需从ETM⁺图像上获取两个不同海拔高程的暗像元,再依据DEM进行大气校正,反演出各个高程上的大气及辐射参数,并在此基础上进行地形校正,进而获取LandsatETM⁺1～5和7波段的地表反射率,通过对各窄波段地表反射率的线性组合获取反照率。结果表明,该方法可行,精度较高。     

Superconducting gravimeter observations without a tilt compensation system

This paper examines the possibility of using superconducting gravimeter (SG) observations without a tilt compensation system. SG data obtained at Syowa Station, Antarctica, were recorded without tilt compensation from April 5, 2001 to January 4, 2002, however, tilt signals were registered during this time period. A tilt correction was applied to gravity data from August 2, 2001 to January 4, 2002. After the tilt correction, errors of tidal parameters were dramatically reduced and tidal parameters themselves almost coincide with those from the same length of tilt-controlled gravity data recorded in 2000, when tilt compensation system was used. The noise level of the thermal leveler in the seismic band was also investigated. Averaged power spectra of gravity from 15 quiet days each in 2000 and 2001 recorded with and without the tilt compensation system, respectively, were compared. ‘Quiet’ in this case, means very low earthquake activity and calm wind conditions. No significant difference in the seismic band, except at the frequency of 2 mHz, was noticed. The difference at 2 mHz occurred because of room temperature variations caused by the water cooler, which cools down a compressor by automatically switching on and off.     

昆仑山前地震勘探方法及应用效果

由于昆仑山前带地表条件及地下构造复杂，地震施工难度大，采集的资料品质低，噪声干扰严重，静校正问题严重，地下地层纵横向速度变化剧烈，资料处理难度较大，成像困难。针对这些难点，合理地设计采集参数。并采用灵活多变的观测系统进行采集，大大提高了原始资料的信噪比。通过有针对性地使用静校正技术、噪声压制技术以及构造成像技术，较好地解决了山地地震资料成像问题，最终剖面构造形态清晰，断层接触关系清楚。     

基于探元直方图匹配的CBERS-01星CCD数据相对辐射校正方法

提出并实现了基于探元直方图匹配的相对辐射校正方法。首先以探元为单位对CBERS01星CCD0级数据进行统计,然后基于直方图匹配方法建立每个探元的直方图查找表,用直方图查找表对01星数据进行相对辐射校正。该方法较好地解决了探元的非线性响应问题,图像处理质量有很大提高,为01星CCD数据的更广泛应用奠定了基础。     

卫星VLBI测轨资料处理中的电离层延迟改正

结合我国探月项目卫星VLBI测轨资料分析中的实际需求讨论了两个问题：一是在S、X波段时延测量精度均为1ns情况下，电离层延迟改正所能够达到的精度；二是在飞行器VLBI测轨过程中，不能确保S、X波段双频观测情况下获取电离层时延改正的可能途径，包括借助于相关电离层模型、利用常规VLB1历史观测资料积累、借助于局域GPS观测网和IGS网单站GPS测量以及借助于专门设计的单站GPS测量等。最后对电离层VLB1和GPS技术实测结果进行了比较和问题分析。     

Eddy flux corrections for CO2 exchange in broad-leaved Korean pine mixed forest of Changbai Mountains

Based on analysis of mechanisms causing energy no-closure and nocturnal low fluxes issues for CO2 exchange studies by eddy covariance method, corrections were done with the raw data sets obtained from Changbai Mountains forest flux site, to evaluate the impacts of sonic anemometer tilt, frequency response limitations and advection on estimation of CO2 exchange, respectively. The results show that the planar fit coordinate transforming method is superior to the streamline coordinate transforming method in tilt correction. The latter could cause a systematical underestimation of eddy fluxes relating with the angle of sensor and terrain tilt. The underestimation of CO2 and energy fluxes for frequency response limitations average 3.0% and 2.0% during daytime, respectively, which increase by 9.0% and 5.5% during nighttime, respectively. The corrections of frequency response limitations are closely related to atmospheric stability. The advection loss of CO2 fluxes is dominated by nocturnal vertical advection, which is at least 18% when the horizontal advection is neglected. It is suggested that more work be done to understand the characteristics of horizontal advection and turbulent eddies under a complexcircumstance.     

中间参考面静校正技术及应用效果

常规静校正方法是先做低降速带校正，再做从高速层顶界面到统一基准面的校正。当高速层顶界面起伏剧烈和高速层速度横向变化较大时，这种静校正计算方法就不能很好解决静校正问题。中间参考面静校正技术是在静校正计算时，在高速层顶界面之下引入一个圆滑的参考面，这样可以在低降速带校正的基础上进一步提高静校正精度，确保成像效果和构造精度。该项技术在中国西部复杂地表区推广应用后取得了良好的效果。本文系统介绍了中间参考面的意义、应用条件及参数的选取，同时展示了部分典型效果对比资料。     

利用电磁观测粗略判定地震及台湾地震震级公式校正

通过对点频及5KC电磁波传播路径的理论特征分析并结合99年度发生在闽台地区的几个地震震前所记录到的电磁波异常持续时间进行分析、研究,总结出如何利用电磁观测粗略判定闽台地震的方法,如何利用公式来估算震级,以及台湾地震震级估算公式校正。