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101.
采集和分析了五通桥区不同功能区和乡镇73个土壤样品,以了解山丘平原过渡区土壤重金属的含量和污染特征。结果表明,重金属的平均含量为Pb32.18mg/kg、Cd0.82mg/kg、Cu28.61mg/kg、Zn108.08mg/kg、Ni32.66mg/kg、Cr72.44mg/kg;与四川土壤背景值相比,Cu、Ni、Cr的含量与之持平,Pb增加了0.11倍,Zn增加了0.32倍,Cd的积累较为严重,比背景值增加了10倍。污染评价结果显示该过渡区存在一定程度的重金属污染问题,不同功能区的污染程度排序为工业区〉生活区〉农业区。Cd在六种元素的土壤污染分担率中占55.46%,是最主要的污染元素;土壤Cd含量与Pb和Zn存在较高的相关性(相关系数为0.525和0.500),表明存在Pb—Cd和Zn—Cd的复合污染。 相似文献
102.
引入反馈调节设计理念,构建了旅游形象设计体系;运用该体系对雾灵山森林公园的旅游形象进行了多方案设计,拟在广泛征询意见的基础上最终裁定该公园的旅游形象方案。 相似文献
103.
科尔沁沙地土地利用与耕作方式对土壤风蚀的影响 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
土壤风蚀造成的直接生态后果是土地资源的退化。在春播前两次沙尘暴事件中,对科尔沁沙地几种具有代表性的土地类型的土壤风蚀量及土壤特性进行了野外测定、分析,结果表明:(1)在同一沙尘暴天气下,由于土地利用和耕作方式的不同,土壤风蚀量存在着差异,新垦农地和翻耕农地的风蚀量显著高于未垦草地、免耕农地和麻黄地;免耕农地则与未垦草地的风蚀量相差不大,风蚀危害较轻;麻黄地几乎不受风蚀侵害。新垦农地、翻耕农地、免耕农地、未垦草地、麻黄地两次观测的土壤风蚀量平均值依次为24.59、15.60、2.26、1.46和0.22 g/h.cm2。(2)基于土壤特性计算的土壤退化指数结果表明,新垦农地和翻耕农地发生了较为严重的退化。 相似文献
104.
105.
Sven O. Franz Lorenz Schwark Cathrin Brüchmann Burkhard Scharf Ralf Klingel Jon D. Van Alstine Namık Çagatay Umut B. Ülgen 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2006,35(4):715-736
A limnogeological reconnaissance study was carried out on Lake Iznik, located in the southeast of the Marmara region of Turkey,
involving a seismic survey and collection of short sediment cores. This lake is located on the middle branch of the North
Anatolian Fault Zone (NAFZ), a transform plate boundary between the Eurasian and Anatolian Plates. It is, therefore, tectonically
active and offers an opportunity to investigate the interplay of sedimentary and seismo-tectonic processes, as well as climate
change and human impact in the region. Short cores of the three sub-basins, maximum length of 35.5 cm, recovered non-laminated,
blackish clays and silts with varying amounts of biogenic and minerogenic (allochthonous, autochthonous) material, which documented
almost the last 80 years of deposition and environmental history. High sedimentation rates in the deeper core sections are
accompanied by changes in land use (conversion of woodland to farmland) in the northern areas of Lake Iznik, which caused
the deposition of more weathered material (high K/Na ratios) and higher contents of Mn in the lake. A tendency towards eutrophic
conditions within the last 20 years is indicated by high nutrient content (N, TOC, P), decreasing C/N-ratios, and characteristic
diatom and cladoceran associations. Also increased pollution is revealed by higher Pb, Cu, and Zn contents and increased supply
of human and animal faeces (high coprostanol content) during the last two decades. But simultaneous lower sedimentation rates
towards the core tops complicate the reconstruction of recent and past eutrophication and pollution states of Lake Iznik.
This requires an extension of the pilot study and deeper sediment cores, to recover non-anthropogenic influenced sediment
levels. 相似文献
106.
Re-evaluation of focal depths and source mechanisms of selected earthquakes in the Afar depression 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
We present a stepwise inversion procedure to assess the focal depth and model earthquake source complexity of seven moderate-sized earthquakes (6.2 > M w > 5.1) that occurred in the Afar depression and the surrounding region. The Afar depression is a region of highly extended and intruded lithosphere, and zones of incipient seafloor spreading. A time-domain inversion of full moment tensor was performed to model direct P and SH waves of teleseismic data. Waveform inversion of the selected events estimated focal depths in the range of 17–22 km, deeper than previously published results. This suggests that the brittle–ductile transition zone beneath parts of the Afar depression extends more than 22 km. The effect of near-source velocity structure on the moment tensor elements was also investigated and was found to respond little to the models considered. Synthetic tests indicate that the size of the estimated, non-physical, non-isotropic source component is rather sensitive to incorrect depth estimation. The dominant double couple part of the moment tensor solutions for most of the events indicates that their occurrence is mainly due to shearing. Parameters associated with source directivity (rupture velocity and azimuth) were also investigated. Re-evaluation of the analysed events shows predominantly normal faulting consistent with the relative plate motions in the region. 相似文献
107.
GIS-based flood hazard mapping at different administrative scales: A case study in Gangetic West Bengal, India 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
This paper addresses the need for an efficient and cost-effective methodology for preparing flood hazard maps in data poor countries, particularly those under a monsoon regime where floods pose a recurrent danger. Taking Gangetic West Bengal, India, as an example and using available historical data from government agencies, the study compiled a regional map indicating hazard prone subregional areas for further detailed investigation, thereby isolating actual high risk localities. Using a GIS (Geographical Information System), a composite hazard index was devised incorporating variables of flood frequency, population density, transportation networks, access to potable water, and availability of high ground and maximum risk zones were mapped accordingly. A digital elevation model derived from high resolution imagery available in the public domain was used to calculate elevated areas suitable for temporary shelter during a flood. Selecting administrative units of analysis at the lowest possible scales – rural development blocks (regional) and revenue villages (subregional) – also ensures that hazard mapping is prepared in line with the existing rural planning and administrative authorities responsible for remedial intervention. 相似文献
108.
Vaibhav A Mantri 《Journal of Earth System Science》2006,115(3):371-378
On 26th December 2004, the world witnessed the devastating power of tsunami, affecting many countries, bordering the Indian
Ocean region. This has caused significant changes in the shallow and intertidal regions of the Indian coast, especially the
Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Pondicherry. The baseline data on biomass availability and distribution
of benthic intertidal seaweed species were collected immediately after this catastrophic event by spot surveying 11 selected
localities of the above-mentioned regions. In all, 45 species belonging to 31 genera were recorded during the present survey,
the maximum number of seaweed species were recorded at Thirumullavarum, Kerala with the minimum at Car Nicobar, Andaman and
Nicobar Islands. A very different trend was observed in the case of biomass availability at some locations which was due to
the influence of habitat suitability over the tsunami damage. The details of this study have been provided in the present
communication 相似文献
109.
在分析戈壁沙漠地区地球物理特征的基础上,针对性的提出了解决煤田地质构造问题的方法,包括三维地震野外施工方法的选取、施工因素的选择、资料处理手段;并以获得的实际地质成果证实三维地震在解决复杂地质构造问题的可行性。 相似文献
110.
鄂尔多斯盆地北部底河道砂岩型铀矿地质特征 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
鄂尔多斯盆地北部直罗组中的铀矿,是典型的产于河道中的砂岩铀矿,该矿床发育较好的卷状矿体。通过对该铀矿地质特征的研究,认识到发育卷状矿体的底河道砂岩型铀矿必须具备两大条件:其一是成矿砂体条件,即砂体要有较好的成层性、连通性和渗透性;其二是地层结构条件,即砂体必须存在较好的上、下隔水岩层。就砂体而言,河流相辫状沉积砂体是形成卷状矿体的主要砂体,并且以具有从辫状河向曲流河完整演化的辫状沉积砂体较好。砂体的上、下隔水岩层则有多种表现形式:下隔水层可由不透水的基岩或湖相沉积泥岩等构成;上隔水层由不透水的湖相泥岩、曲流沉积地层或岩浆岩等构成。在层间氧化作用过程上,存在纵横两个方向的氧化,即存在与河道方向一致的纵向氧化和与河道垂直的横向氧化,两种氧化作用成矿常叠加形成复杂的矿体类型;在矿化赋存的部位上,铀砂体通常发育在基底之上或不同建造之间;在古气候演变上,成矿作用发生在干旱气候条件下,或由潮湿向干旱的气候转变阶段。 相似文献