建筑用玻化微珠保温混凝土剪力墙抗震结构设计

传统方法主要通过导热系数低的材料和增加墙体厚度来达到抗震效果。该方法不仅浪费能源而且抗震性能较差,因此对建筑用玻化微珠保温混凝土剪力墙抗震结构进行设计,构建玻化微珠保温混凝土本构模型,获得与抗震结构相关的理论数据。根据所获取的数据,选择板壳单元SHELL63作为玻化微珠保温混凝土剪力墙抗震结构单元。依据抗震结构材料参数以及抗震结构单元,采用ANSYS软件模拟构建玻化微珠保温混凝土剪力墙抗震结构。分析实验结果可知,所设计建筑节能抗震结构的抗震性能较好,实际运用价值高。     

Ⅶ度抗震设防下牧区居住建筑节能技术研究

对抗震设防下的牧区居民建筑进行节能设计,在提高能源利用率及降低能源消耗方面具有重要意义。传统的建筑节能技术主要通过降低建筑的热能消耗来提高能源利用,存在节能效果差且单一的问题。对此,在Ⅶ度抗震设防下,采用ANSYS软件,引入Block Lanczos法对牧区居住建筑结构的模态进行分析,计算出建筑地震作用,并通过分析牧区居住建筑围护结构及门窗材质来优化建筑节能技术。实验结果表明,在内蒙古牧区居住建筑采用改进提出的建筑节能技术,可有效降低能源消耗,从而能够有效利用能源,使其具有一定的优势。     

山东地磁台网受宁东高压直流输电干扰预处理质量分析

为进一步提高山东地磁台网受高压直流输电干扰的预处理质量,通过中国地震前兆数据处理系统中相对差值检测和预处理检测功能,对山东地磁台网多年来受宁东高压直流输电干扰预处理情况进行了总结分析。结果表明,经过数据预处理,宁东高压直流输电干扰基本被去除,但仍然存在高压直流输电干扰误判、起止时间错判、干扰幅度计量不精确等问题。针对上述问题,对数据进行复核和校对,应用"缓变台阶"功能重新处理,并加强对H、D分量干扰特征的研究。     

部分预制型钢混凝土梁抗震性能试验研究

为探究部分预制型钢混凝土梁的抗震性能,进行了7个部分预制型钢混凝土梁试件的拟静力试验,研究了试件的裂缝开展过程、破坏形态、承载能力、延性、耗能能力和刚度退化情况,探究预制截面模式、剪跨比和后浇混凝土强度等对其抗震能力的影响。结果表明:地震作用下,该7个试件力学性能较好,剪跨比是影响试件抗震性能的首要要素,剪跨比大的试件耗能能力强,型钢约束部分混凝土可以提高试件的耗能能力,截面模式和后浇混凝土强度对抗震性能影响不大。     

海洋温差能发电技术的现状与前景

对海洋温差能发电技术的基本原理、类型、系统与装置、发展历史和现状作了全面的综述。介绍了国内外海洋温差发电技术的特点、难点和近期的研究热点,指出海洋温差发电技术必须与附属产品的开发利用相结合才能有竞争力,海洋温差发电技术要达到规模产业化还有相当长的路要走。     

考虑风能输入的抛物型缓坡方程

在Radder和Kirby发展的波浪折射绕射缓坡方程抛物型模型基础上,对这种模型进行了改进,改进后的模型除可以考虑波浪传播过程中的底摩阻损耗、非线性作用外,加入了风能输入对波浪传播的影响。基于风能输入项的波浪模型数值计算结果表明,在纯风浪情况下的计算结果与传统的风浪计算方法结果一致,在波浪传播过程中由于风的作用,将导致波高比无风作用下计算的波高大。     

Measuring drop size distribution and kinetic energy of rainfall using a force transducer

The relatively high cost of commercially available raindrop spectrometers and disdrometers has inhibited detailed and intensive research on drop size distribution, kinetic energy and momentum of rainfall which are important for understanding and modelling soil erosion caused by raindrop detachment. In this study, an approach to find the drop size distribution, momentum and kinetic energy of rainfall using a relatively inexpensive device that uses a piezoelectric force transducer for sensing raindrop impact response is introduced. The instrument continuously and automatically records, on a time‐scale, the amplitude of electrical pulses produced by the impact of raindrops on the surface of the transducer. The size distribution of the raindrops and their respective kinetic energy are calculated by analysing the number and amplitude of pulses recorded, and from the measured volume of total rainfall using a calibration curve. Simultaneous measurements of the instrument, a rain gauge and a dye‐stain method were used to assess the performance of the instrument. Test results from natural and simulated rainfalls are presented. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Establishing absorbed energy spectra—an attenuation approach

For energy‐based seismic design, energy demand in the form of absorbed energy spectra was established by an attenuation relationship. The absorbed energy is proposed for evaluating the energy demand in an inelastic system because the absorbed energy is directly related to the pseudo‐velocity in the elastic case. Based on a total of 273 ground motion records from 15 significant earthquakes in California, an attenuation relationship of the absorbed energy was established from a two‐stage non‐linear regression analysis. This relationship was established for a given earthquake magnitude, source‐to‐site distance, site class, and ductility factor. A similar expression for the normalized absorbed energy was also developed. This study showed that the absorbed energy for near‐field ground motions can be significantly larger than that predicted by the attenuation relationship for normal ground motions. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Study on a new shear wall system with shaking table test and finite element analysis

A new seismic energy dissipation shear wall structure is proposed in this paper. The new shear wall is one with purposely built‐in vertical slits within the wall panel, and rubber belts as seismic energy dissipation devices are installed in the vertical slits. In order to verify this concept, shaking table tests of a 10‐storey shear wall model with rubber belts filled in the vertical slits were carried out, and comparison of seismic behaviour was made between the new shear wall system and a shear wall with reinforced concrete connecting beams as energy dissipation. Furthermore, the seismic behaviour of this new shear wall is analysed by a finite element time history analysis method. The test and analysis show that the new shear wall system has a very good ability to dissipate seismic energy and is easy to use in engineering practice. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

改进型数据加窗法的高程粗差剔除研究

利用摆动式单波束探测水下微地形时,因掠射角、底质特性等因素对回波信号的影响,导致数字高程粗差产生。本文根据摆动式单波束的探测原理和工作特点,对多波束测量中的数据加窗法进行改进:将回波能量作为探测点的内在属性参与确定起始加窗点;加窗点采用实测点,并要求起始加窗点尽可能靠近整条测线上实测点的高程均值。由此提高了高程粗差剔除的准确性。在实际应用中,随机微地形的高程粗差被成功剔除。