河南省富碱侵入岩与金矿床关系浅析

河南省华北陆块南缘富碱侵入岩与金矿床成矿关系主要表现在空间、热动力和衍生关系三方面，与碱性岩有关的金矿床主要分为三种类型：热液－淋滤富集型、含金剪切带型和熔结（爆发）角砾岩型。富碱岩石含金背景值总体较高，近矿围岩含金丰度低于远矿围岩，富碱侵入体中的部分金组分参与了成金作用。区域侵入体含金性，其一：沿着栾川—方城深大断裂带分布的富碱浅成侵入体的成矿作用主要表现为区域构造活动引发淋滤富集作用和含金剪切构造带成金作用；其二：位于成金基底源区出露的一些富碱侵入体的成矿作用主要表现为爆发角砾岩和热液蚀变。     

流体 花岗岩 金矿

流体地质研究是当代地学研究中的重要前沿课题，已成为发展地质科学、建立新的知识体系的一个主要支柱和知识生长点。本文阐述了当今国内外流体的研究现状、发展水平、流体的涵义、性质、研究方法和研究重点及其与板块构造、变质作用、岩浆作用、成矿作用、成矿作用的重要意义。流体地质为地质科学提出了许多新的研究机会和挑战。该文在简要评述当今花岗岩研究现状的基础上，对花岗岩与金矿的关系进行了深入的讨论，指出了不同成因类型的花岗岩与金矿有着完全不同的关系。人们所说的花岗岩与金矿关系多数情况下应考虑是流体作用的结果。最后指出加强流体地质研究对提高河南地质与金矿的研究水平具有十分重要的实际意义和理论意义。     

Concealed porphyry delineation based on nonlinear three-dimensional density-difference inversion: An example in the Beiya mine area,Western Yunnan,China

Intermediate acid-complex rock masses with low-density characteristics are the most important prospecting sign in the Beiya area, of western Yunnan province, and provide a physical basis for good gravity exploration. It is usually difficult to obtaining solutions in connection with actual geological situations due to the ambiguity of the conventional gravity-processing results and lack of deep constraints. Thus, the three-dimensional (3D) inversion technology is considered as the main channel for reducing the number of solutions and improving the vertical resolution at the current stage. The current study starts from a model test and performs nonlinear 3D density-difference inversion called “model likelihood exploration”, which performs 3D inversion imaging and inversion of the known model while considering the topographic effects. The inversion results are highly consistent with those of the known models. Simultaneously, we consider the Beiya gold mine in Yunnan as an example. The nonlinear 3D density-difference inversion technology, which is restricted by geological information, is explored to obtain the 3D density body structure below 5 km in the mine area, and the 3D structure of the deep and concealed rock masses are obtained using the density constraints of the intermediate-acid-complex rock masses. The results are well consistent with the surface geological masses and drilling-controlled deep geological masses. The model test and examples both show that the 3D density-difference nonlinear inversion technology can reduce inversion ambiguity, improve resolution, optimize the inversion results, and realize “transparency” in deeply concealed rock masses in ore-concentrated areas,which is useful in guiding the deep ore prospecting.     

辽西建昌盆地义县组上部英安岩的40Ar/39Ar年龄及其地质意义

建昌盆地义县组可分为两部分：下部以巨厚的沉积层为主,自下而上称为要路沟层、罗家沟层,局部地区沉积层之下有中基性火山岩;上部（罗家沟层之上）为酸性、中酸性火山岩系夹沉积层.罗家沟层与义县-北票地区尖山沟（砖城子）层可进行生物地层学对比.对义县组上部的一件英安岩样品进行40Ar/39Ar年代学研究,获得年龄为120 Ma,应与义县地区义县组顶部火山岩（金刚山层之上）对比.建昌地区义县组顶、底均可与义县地区大致对比.     

辽东地区硼矿体赋存特征及成矿预测

辽东地区硼矿床受控于华北地台东北部大石桥-凤城-宽甸古隆起构造带.元古宇辽河群下部里尔峪组含硼岩系呈W-E、NE向、长约350 km、宽60 km的长条带状展布.硼矿体发育于里尔峪组蛇纹石化镁橄岩或蛇纹石化富镁大理岩中,具有明显的层控和岩控特征.虎皮峪-红石砬子-清河近东西向线状紧密的复式背、向斜间多期次次级的背、向斜发育,表现出明显的塑性变形.硼矿体在走向和倾向上具尖灭膨缩现象.围岩蚀变强烈.大量的电气石化使围岩中硼元素的含量偏高;蛇纹石化镁橄岩或蛇纹石化富镁大理岩的Ca/Mg比值波动极大,表明其与成矿关系十分密切;含硼岩系的厚度与矿体的关系呈正相关性,当厚度超过35 m时就有可能成矿,且厚度越大,矿体的规模和矿石质量越好.在部分地区,赋矿的褶皱构造完全倒转,有里尔峪组的层序倒转,混合岩段反转至上部,且混合岩化明显增强,形成混合岩化花岗岩,而其下部250~600 m是含硼岩系,发育优质隐伏硼矿.据辽东地区硼矿体的这些特征,推测了4个成矿远景区.     

甘肃省矿产资源及开发利用对策探讨

甘肃省为矿产资源大省之一,本文主要从甘肃省优势矿产资源特征、开发利用现状、对策及开发利用战略等方面进行分析。     

Migration and speciation transformation mechanisms of mercury in undercurrent zones of the Tongguan gold mining area,Shaanxi Loess Plateau and impact on the environment

In order to study the migration and transformation mechanism of Hg content and occurrence form in subsurface flow zone of gold mining area in Loess Plateau and its influence on water environment, the field in-situ infiltration test and laboratory test were carried out in three typical sections of river-side loess, alluvial and proluvial strata in Tongguan gold mining area of Shaanxi Province, and the following results were obtained: (1) The source of Hg in subsurface flow zone is mainly caused by mineral processing activities; (2) the subsurface flow zone in the study area is in alkaline environment, and the residual state, iron and manganese oxidation state, strong organic state and humic acid state of mercury in loess are equally divided in dry and oxidizing environment; mercury in river alluvial or diluvial strata is mainly concentrated in silt, tailings and clayey silt soil layer, and mercury has certain stability, and the form of mercury in loess is easier to transform than the other two media; (3) under the flooding condition, most of mercury is trapped in the silt layer in the undercurrent zone where the sand and silt layers alternate with each other and the river water and groundwater are disjointed, and the migration capacity of mercury is far less than that of loess layer and alluvial layer with close hydraulic connection; (4) infiltration at the flood level accelerates the migration of pollutants to the ground; (5) the soil in the undercurrent zone is overloaded and has seriously exceeded the standard. Although the groundwater monitoring results are safe this time, relevant enterprises or departments should continue to pay attention to improving the gold extraction process, especially vigorously rectify the small workshops for illegal gold extraction and the substandard discharge of the three wastes, and intensify efforts to solve the geological environmental problems of mines left over from history. At present, the occurrence form of mercury in the undercurrent zone is relatively stable, but the water and soil layers have been polluted. The risk of disjointed groundwater pollution can not be ignored while giving priority to the treatment of loess and river alluvial landform areas with close hydraulic links. The research results will provide a scientific basis for water conservancy departments to groundwater prevention and control in water-deficient areas of the Loess Plateau.     

辽宁本溪晶花洞洞穴特征及形成时代

辽宁本溪晶花洞发育于中奥陶世马家沟组(O₂m)厚层灰岩中,主要受近SN、NE断裂控制,沿近SN断裂发育高度不同的4层洞穴。洞内沉积物以化学沉积为主,机械沉积较少。通过测定洞内外的温度、湿度及CO₂含量,对比研究发现洞穴封闭性较好,与外界大气循环较差。在与洞外干河河流阶地的高程及形成时代上的对比研究基础上,结合主洞所采年龄样的铀系法测年(111.5±5.3 ka),初步推断晶花洞主洞发育于晚更新世。     

四川“金土地工程”区农业地质调查评价的方法

简要介绍了四川省地质调查院在"金土地工程"区开展农业地质调查评价试点研究项目的背景、目标任务、方法技术和提交的主要成果。通过试点研究,确定了该项工作的内容以土壤地球化学测量为主,地质、遥感等多种综合调查手段为辅的综合调查,其核心是土地质量的地球化学综合评估。     

吉南老岭地区控矿构造特征分析

吉南老岭地区矿产资源丰富,大中型矿床众多,是吉林省的主要成矿区带。本文主要研究大地构造背景和地壳的演化规律及本地区韧性断裂、脆性断裂、韧脆性断裂及变质变形作用等构造类型的特征,进而阐明这些构造对矿产的控制作用。