甘孜南部核桃栽培技术

以自然条件恶劣的四川省甘孜州得荣县为典型研究区。根据当地干旱少雨、土壤贫瘠、土层浅薄,但阳光充足、适合核桃种植的自然环境特点和核桃发展的落后现状,从苗圃建设、引种及良种培育、栽培技术、管理水平等方面,探索出一套适合当地的、较为完善的栽培技术,为当地大量栽培核桃,提高当地的核桃发展水平,振兴民族地区经济提供了科学支撑。     

川西马尔康片麻岩穹隆与伟晶岩型锂矿的构造成因

片麻岩穹隆是造山折返过程形成的重要构造样式。马尔康锂矿床位于松潘-甘孜造山带腹地的马尔康片麻岩穹隆中,其核部为太阳河花岗闪长岩和可尔因花岗岩、幔部由经过变质作用的晚三叠世深海—半深海复理石和浊积岩组成,大量含锂伟晶岩脉侵位于红柱石-十字石变质带中。通过野外地质调查和构造分析,在马尔康片麻岩穹隆中识别出三期构造变形叠加于造山早期大规模收缩变形之上:第一期变形(D1)为南向的大型高温拆离剪切带(马尔康拆离断层,MRKD);第二期变形(D2)为马尔康"穹隆构造";第三期变形(D3)为后期叠加的新生代近东西向逆冲断层。新的锆石U-Pb年代学数据表明太阳河和可尔因岩体的结晶年龄分别为226～212 Ma与224～218 Ma,马尔康拆离断层中平行剪切面理的同构造变形伟晶岩脉形成于约212～207 Ma,而未变形含锂伟晶岩脉则形成于200～190 Ma之间。研究表明,马尔康片麻岩穹隆在造山早期伴随220～212 Ma的花岗岩侵位,形成中低压巴罗式变质作用;在挤压向伸展转换过程(212～207 Ma)中,形成向南剪切的拆离断层以及变质核杂岩构造,致使花岗岩浆底辟上涌和片麻岩穹隆的形成;200～190...     

川西高原甘孜黄土与印度季风演化关系

川西高原甘孜黄土地层的磁化率、土壤颜色、碳酸盐含量综合分析表明，早在1.15Ma前，印度季风就已影响本地区，并且印度季风与同期影响黄土高原的东亚夏季风相比，似有共同的盛衰变化，尤其是0．5Ma前更为相似，说明印度季风与东亚季风有共同的驱动机制；但0．5Ma以后，印度季风对本地区的影响呈逐步衰减之势，这可能与青藏高原又隆升到一个新的临界高度有关，从而阻挡了印度季风的水汽输入。另外，黄土高原揭示的L9、L15极端冷干事件，甘孜黄土反映较弱。而黄土高原反映的L6冷干事件，甘孜黄土表现的却是极端冷湿事件，青藏高原东北部若尔盖湖心记录也有同样反映。     

Initiation of slip along the Xianshuihe fault zone,eastern Tibet,constrained by K/Ar and fission-track ages

The Xianshuihe fault zone (XFZ) forms a boundary that accommodates crustal movement eastwards from central Tibet. The lack of well-defined time constraints has hampered the reconstruction of the geometric and kinematic evolution of the fault zone, and inhibited the development of a consistent regional tectonic model. New geochronological investigations of mica K/Ar and apatite fission-track ages on the Ganzi–Yushu segment of the XFZ indicate that fault activity started ca. 13 Ma before present, which considerably precedes the 5 Ma initiation of offset on the Xiaojiang fault (XjF) segment. Different initiation times for different fault segments clearly demonstrate that the geometric and kinematic evolution of the XFZ can be divided into two periods. The XFZ cut through the Dangjiang, Ganzi, and Gongga Shan areas, and reached the Qinghe–Yanyuan area during an early stage, from ca. 13 to 5 Ma, as a boundary fault with lateral mass transfer from the interior to southeast Tibet. At the southern edge of the XFZ, the movement took advantage of the southern segment of the Longmen Shan thrust fault – the Jinhe–Qinghe thrust fault. During the late stage, from 5 Ma to present, the fault zone passed through the Yushu, Ganzi, and Gongga Shan areas, then offset the Longmen Shan thrust fault belt and reached the Kunming area. The Jinhe–Qinghe fault was abandoned in the later period as the southern part of the XFZ, and the XjF became active because of continuous clockwise rotation of the crust around the eastern syntaxis.     

2010年文山久旱背景下一次全州性降雨天气过程诊断分析

对2010年4月21～23日文山州久旱转大雨过程的环流演变及各种物理量场特征进行诊断分析,结果表明:干旱期文山长期维持"西高东低"环流型,环流形势的调整,尤其是中纬度环流形势向"东高西低"转变,是久旱转雨的必要条件。这次过程也与高空冷槽、低涡切变和不稳定层结(能量)的发展等有关。久旱转雨时,各物理量场的分布与该区域降水相关性很好,具有很明显的指示意义。     

文山州百年大旱气候特征分析

利用文山州8个站点1970年～2010年的逐月降水、气温、日照等资料,分析文山州旱涝的时空分布、年际变化及地理分布等特征,再利用2.5°×2.5°的NCEP/NCAR再分析资料的月、季、年平均场,对文山州秋、冬、春连旱的大气环流异常特征进行分析,得出:2009年～2010年秋、冬、春3季降水特少、气温特高、日照较强,而整个文山州又数文山县最为严重;多雨年冷空气活动频繁,副高较弱,南支比较活跃,而少雨年南下冷空气较少,副高较强,南支波动少。     

浙江省市域旅游竞争力评价研究

通过构建市域（地级市）尺度旅游竞争力评价体系,应用主成分分析方法,对浙江省市域旅游竞争力进行定量评价,得到11个地市旅游竞争力综合指标得分和排名,并根据评价结果对其差异格局形成原因进行深度剖析。结果表明,浙江省市域旅游竞争力水平整体差异较大,表现为区域旅游业发展不平衡,杭州、宁波双核格局明显,温州、绍兴为竞争力较强市,金华、舟山、台州、湖州竞争力较弱,丽水、嘉兴、衢州为弱竞争力市。各地区旅游业发展应避开其竞争力薄弱环节,走差异化发展道路。     

高速铁路对中国城市市场潜力的影响——基于铁路客运可达性的分析

近10年来中国高速铁路快速发展,对城市发展的影响正逐步显现.本文从市场潜力角度研究这一影响,根据《全国铁路旅客列车时刻表2012.07》统计获得的城市之间平均旅行时间和发车频次数据重新定义市场潜力函数,对比中国地级及以上城市普通铁路和叠加高速铁路之后的市场潜力特征,探讨高铁对城市市场潜力的提升作用,并从中分离出时间压缩效应和频次效应.研究发现:①普通铁路市场潜力呈现“多中心—廊道”结构,市场潜力高的城市主要分布在长三角、珠三角、京津冀城镇群内,以及京广、京沪、京哈等重要铁路线沿线;②叠加高速铁路之后城市市场潜力整体上仍呈现“多中心—廊道”结构,且多中心结构更为突出;③京沪、沪杭铁路沿线城市和东南沿海宁波—厦门段客运专线沿线城市的高铁效应最大;④高铁连接的109个城市时间压缩效应的平均值为31.3％,频次效应的平均值为68.7％,频次效应是高铁效应的主要形式.     

The measure and characteristics of spatial-temporal evolution of China’s science and technology resource allocation efficiency

According to the connotation and structure of science and technology resources and some relevant data of more than 286 cities at prefecture level and above during 2001-2010, using modified method—Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), science and technology (S&T) resource allocation efficiency of different cities in different periods has been figured out, which, uncovers the distributional difference and change law of S&T resource allocation efficiency from the time-space dimension. Based on that, this paper has analyzed and discussed the spatial distribution pattern and evolution trend of S&T resource allocation efficiency in different cities by virtue of the Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis (ESDA). It turned out that: (1) the average of S&T resource allocation efficiency in cities at prefecture level and above has always stayed at low levels, moreover, with repeated fluctuations between high and low, which shows a decreasing trend year by year. Besides, the gap between the East and the West is widening. (2) The asymmetrical distribution of S&T resource allocation efficiency presents a spatial pattern of successively decreasing from Eastern China, Central China to Western China. The cities whose S&T resource allocation efficiency are at higher level and high level take on a cluster distribution, which fits well with the 23 forming urban agglomerations in China. (3) The coupling degree between S&T resource allocation efficiency and economic environment assumes a certain positive correlation, but not completely the same. The differentiation of S&T resource allocation efficiency is common in regional development, whose existence and evolution are directly or indirectly influenced by and regarded as the reflection of many elements, such as geographical location, the natural endowment and environment of S&T resources and so on. (4) In the perspective of the evolution of spatial structure, S&T resource allocation efficiency of the cities at prefecture level and above shows a notable spatial autocorrelation, which in every period presents a positive correlation. The spatial distribution of S&T resource allocation efficiency in neighboring cities seems to be similar in group, which tends to escalate stepwise. Meanwhile, the whole differentiation of geographical space has a diminishing tendency. (5) Viewed from LISA agglomeration map of S&T resource allocation efficiency in different periods, four agglomeration types have changed differently in spatial location and the range of spatial agglomeration. And the continuity of S&T resource allocation efficiency in geographical space is gradually increasing.     

怒江梯级水电站建设与大峡谷旅游创新发展探析

深度贫困的怒江傈僳族怒族自治州摆脱窘境的出路,在于开发丰富的水电资源,综合利用奇特壮丽的山水景观、得天独厚的自然生态、神秘奇特的民族文化、多种宗教和谐并存而又丰厚的历史文化综合旅游资源,以发展特种旅游,建成"天下神谷,乐活怒江"旅游目的地系统,将其推向世界。同时利用地缘优势,使片马口岸升格为国家一级口岸,联合缅甸科学有效开发、升值缅北多种优势资源,将其转化为经济优势,达到睦邻、友邻、惠邻、共赢目标。使怒江州彻底摆脱贫困,人民小康,人地和谐,让能歌善舞、敢于"上刀山,下火海"、奇风异俗共聚的兄弟民族成为新产业的主人,把怒江大峡谷建成为国人乃至世界探奇者乐游的新兴旅游目的地。