The identification and criteria of short-term seismicity gap before a great earthquake

ＴｈｅｉｄｅｎｔｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎａｎｄｃｒｉｔｅｒｉａｏｆｓｈｏｒｔｔｅｒｍｓｅｉｓｍｉｃｉｔｙｇａｐｂｅｆｏｒｅａｇｒｅａｔｅａｒｔｈｑｕａｋｅＪＩＮＧＱＵＡＮＣＡＯ（曹井泉）ＪＩＡＬＩＮＳＵＮ（孙加林）ＹＩＹＡＮＧ（杨毅）Ｓｅｉｓｍｏｌ...     

3-D structural reconstruction of Moho in the Tangshan earthquake area by using inversion of curved interface

３ＤｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒａｌｒｅｃｏｎｓｔｒｕｃｔｉｏｎｏｆＭｏｈｏｉｎｔｈｅＴａｎｇｓｈａｎｅａｒｔｈｑｕａｋｅａｒｅａｂｙｕｓｉｎｇｉｎｖｅｒｓｉｏｎｏｆｃｕｒｖｅｄｉｎｔｅｒｆａｃｅＸＩＡＯＬＩＮＧＬＡＩ（赖晓玲）ＸＩＡＮＫＡＮＧＺＨＡＮＧ...     

科学计算可视化技术的研究与应用

本文介绍了科学计算可视化技术的发展和应用情况，论述了这一新技术的特点及其在油气藏描述，工程设计ＣＡＤ等学科的应用和发展趋势。阐述了目前国际国内计算机图形学领域具体的研究方向和方法及图形软件、图形硬件的发展概况。     

青藏高原及其邻区岩石层三维密度结构

搜集了青藏高原及其邻近区域的S波速度三维层析成像结果和2万多个实测重力点资料，将重力资料进行各种改正并网格化为30′×30′的布格重力异常．首先采用密度差与S波速度差之间的经验关系式，建立青藏地区岩石层密度的初始模型，再利用布格重力异常进行阻尼最小二乘法反演，得到青藏地区岩石层三维密度分布结果．反演结果表明：（1）青藏高原岩石层密度分布不仅在纵向上不均匀，而且在横向存在明显的不均匀．在深度10－70km范围内，高原整体呈低密度特性，在50－70km深度范围内低密度特征更加突出，与周缘地区存在0，1g／cm³的密度差．而在90－110km深度范围内，高原岩石层地幔显示密度高．（2）岩层密度分布与大地构造有明显相关的分区性，显示出青藏块体、巴颜喀拉块体、塔里木块体和印度块体．     

关于O3层垂直剖面遥感的逆转曲线的数学拟合模式

逆转遥感是当前获得大气O₃层垂直剖面资料的重要方法之一，而逆转曲线的质量对遥感结果的精度至关重要．本文在最小二乘法的基础上，结合逆转曲线的特征，加以适当处理，建立了逆转曲线的拟合数学模式．其性能良好，对研究O₃层垂直剖面的长期演变趋势具有重要意义．     

On the Spatial Distribution and Seasonal Variation of Lower-Troposphere Ozone over Europe

Surface ozone data from 25 Europeanlow-altitude sites and mountain sites located between79°N and 28°N were studied. The analysiscovered the time period March 1989–February 1993.Average summer and winter O₃ concentrations inthe boundary layer over the continent gave rise togradients that were strongest in the north-west tosouth-east direction and west-east direction, respectively. WintertimeO₃ ranged from 19 to 27 ppbover the continent, compared to about 32 ppb at thewestern border, while for summer the continentalO₃ values ranged between 39 and 56 ppb and theoceanic mixing ratios were around 37 ppb. In the lowerfree troposphere average wintertime O₃ mixingratios were around 38 ppb, with only an 8 ppbdifference between 28°N and 79°N. For summerthe average O₃ levels decreased from about 55 ppbover Central Europe to 32 ppb at 79°N. Inaddition, O₃ and O_x(= O₃ + NO₂)in polluted and clean air were compared. Theamplitudes of the seasonal ozone variations increasedin the north-west to south-east direction, while thetime of the annual maximum was shifted from spring (atthe northerly sites) to late summer (at sites inAustria and Hungary), which reflected the contributionof photochemical ozone production in the lower partsof the troposphere.     

Li2O—B2O3功能材料体系研究概述

本文介绍了碱金属硼酸盐的一些基本知识，主要回顾了其中Ｌｉ２Ｏ—Ｂ２Ｏ３体系的研究历史，讨论了该体系结构与性质的关系并总结了Ｌｉ２Ｏ－Ｂ２Ｏ３晶态及非晶态物质作为新型功能材料的研究进展。     

伊利石层间钾释放的远红外光谱研究

本文介绍了新近研究层间交换的远红外方法，并用该方法研究了金砂伊早石层间交换的性质，随着温度的升高，伊利石的远红外谱段从１０８ｃｍ＾－１向低波数方向偏移，３００Ｃ时为１０７ｃｍ＾－１，５００℃时为１０００ｃｍ＾－１，７００℃时为９８ｃｍ＾－１，同时，伊利石的释钾程度也伴随着增加，远红外谱同释放钾的能力有一清楚对比，因此可以用远红外方法预言伊利石释钾的能力，最后，利用量子化学计算的ＰＭ３方法首次从理论     

地层模型的三维实体显示与剖切

本文介绍了地层模型的三维实体显示的原理与方法，同时又提出了沿任意方向垂直剖切地层模型的一种实用有效算法，它已用于交互式三维地层矿床显示系统ＧＤ－３ＤＷＳ，是三维地质解释的很好工具     

Foliation fields and 3D cartography in geology: Principles of a method based on potential interpolation

A modeling method that takes into account known points on a geological interface and plane orientation data such as stratification or foliation planes is described and tested. The orientations data do not necessarily belong to one of the interfaces but are assumed to sample the main anisotropy of a geological formation as in current geological situations. The problem is to determine the surfaces which pass through the known points on interfaces and which are compatible with the orientation data. The method is based on the interpolation of a scalar field defined in the space the gradient in which is orthogonal to the orientations, given that some points have the same but unknown scalar value (points of the same interface), and that scalar gradient is known on the other points (foliations). The modeled interfaces are represented as isovalues of the interpolated field. Preliminary two-dimensional tests carried-out with different covariance models demonstrate the validity of the method, which is easily transposable in three dimensions.