采用GPS精密单点定位技术实时确定舰船位置与姿态

文章采用静态模拟动态的手段,研究基于精密单点定位技术实时确定海上舰船位置和姿态的方法,并分析实时精密单点定位技术的定位定姿精度.研究表明:用精密单点定位技术进行实时动态定位,一般可获得2cm的平面定位精度和4cm左右的高程精度;在动态精密单点定位技术的定位精度一定的情况下,航向角的精度高于横滚角和俯仰角;真实动态观测值的随机误差比静态模拟的大,定位和定姿精度可能会有所降低.     

The wavelet method as an alternative for reducing ionospheric effects from single-frequency GPS receivers

The ionospheric effect is one of the major errors in GPS data processing over long baselines. As a dispersive medium, it is possible to compute its influence on the GPS signal with the ionosphere-free linear combination of L1 and L2 observables, requiring dual-frequency receivers. In the case of single-frequency receivers, ionospheric effects are either neglected or reduced by using a model. In this paper, an alternative for single-frequency users is proposed. It involves multiresolution analysis (MRA) using a wavelet analysis of the double-difference observations to remove the short- and medium-scale ionosphere variations and disturbances, as well as some minor tropospheric effects. Experiments were carried out over three baseline lengths from 50 to 450 km, and the results provided by the proposed method were better than those from dual-frequency receivers. The horizontal root mean square was of about 0.28 m (1σ).     

南水北调中线工程征地测量数据处理系统设计

针对南水北调中线工程征地测量内外业效率的不匹配状况,本文提出征地测量数据处理系统设计思路,给出了地块面积计算原理及主程序模块,结合工程实例对系统具有的地块自动分离、分类汇总、自由分割、边长方位量测、报表和宗地图输出等功能进行了介绍。     

滇西北地区近年来应力场的数值模拟研究

建立滇西北地区三维有限元地质模型,将2009~2016年GPS速度场数据作为数值模拟的位移边界条件,模拟获取该地区的构造应力场。结果表明,在楚雄至滇西北地区整体显示张性应力区;出现由“洱源鹤庆断裂-红河断裂-程海断裂”圈起的低值张性区,区域内部张性应力明显低于外部,这种张应力低值区尤其在区域四周断裂边界处,往往是地壳断裂活动的频发区;曲江断裂北端及元谋-绿汁江断裂南端出现张性应力集中区,是今后重点关注的断裂结点。     

运用GAMIT10.34解算成都地区的GPS可降水量

基于麻省理工学院（MIT）2008年发布的GAMIT最新版（v10．34）,就其在Linux操作系统上的安装方法以及解算天顶总延迟（ZI＇D）和反演PwV的流程进行探讨,并以成都地区地基GPS观测网的运用为例,总结GAMIT软件的使用经验及注意事项。     

高精度GPS数据处理中GAMIT批处理方法与实现

基于Bash语言,提出并实现了一种利用GAMIT对多时段GPS基线自动批处理方法,通过文中算例,验证了该方法的可行性和有效性。     

一种结合UKF与TLS的GPS机动跟踪算法

在GPS接收机产生机动时,运动模型的不匹配会给跟踪算法带来性能损失。本文提出一种机动检测、Unscented Kalman Filter(UKF)以及总体最小二乘(Total Least Square,TLS)相结合的解算方法用于接收机机动的GPS跟踪解算。首先,通过机动检测算法对目标的机动性进行判别,当目标机动较小时,利用UKF的最优检测性能进行跟踪,而当目标机动较大时,结合TLS的强跟踪性能,采用TLS和UKF联合进行跟踪。从而,在不增加方程维数的情况下,实现机动目标的实时、快速跟踪。仿真结果表明该方法对机动目标具有良好的跟踪性能。     

GPS-measured land subsidence in Ojiya City, Niigata Prefecture, Japan

Land subsidence caused by compression of clay layers in Ojiya City, Japan was measured by global positioning system (GPS) between 1 April 1996 and 31 December 1998.

Three baselines were selected in and around the city, and height difference on a WGS-84 ellipsoid was measured by GPS on each baseline. The ground at the GPS station in the city subsides and rebounds 7 cm every winter and spring, respectively. Measurement accuracy was 9.5 mm standard deviation. Ground water level was observed at a well near the GPS station. Regression analysis between total strain, calculated as ratio of the height difference displacement to the total thickness of the clay layers, and the layers' effective stress change with ground water level change gave good correlation. The slope of regression line 7.0×10⁻¹¹ m²/N was obtained as an average apparent coefficient of volume compressibility of the layers.     

GNSS连续运行参考站系统建设关键技术与注意事项浅谈

结合河南省地质信息连续采集运行系统的具体建设,探讨了GNSS连续运行参考站系统建站涉及的几个关键技术和重要环节,可为其他城市建站提供参考.     

GPS network monitors the Western Alps' deformation over a five-year period: 1993–1998

  The Western Alps are among the best studied collisional belts with both detailed structural mapping and also crustal geophysical investigations such as the ECORS and EGT seismic profile. By contrast, the present-day kinematics of the belt is still largely unknown due to small relative motions and the insufficient accuracy of the triangulation data. As a consequence, several tectonic problems still remain to be solved, such as the amount of N–S convergence in the Occidental Alps, the repartition of the deformation between the Alpine tectonic units, and the relation between deformation and rotation across the Alpine arc. In order to address these problems, the GPS ALPES group, made up of French, Swiss and Italian research organizations, has achieved the first large-scale GPS surveys of the Western Alps. More than 60 sites were surveyed in 1993 and 1998 with a minimum observation of 3 days at each site. GPS data processing has been done by three independent teams using different software. The different solutions have horizontal repeatabilities (N–E) of 4–7 mm in 1993 and 2–3 mm in 1998 and compare at the 3–5-mm level in position and 2-mm/yr level in velocity. A comparison of 1993 and 1998 coordinates shows that residual velocities of the GPS marks are generally smaller than 2 mm/yr, precluding a detailed tectonic interpretation of the differential motions. However, these data seem to suggest that the N–S compression of the Western Alps is quite mild (less than 2 mm/yr) compared to the global convergence between the African and Eurasian plate (6 mm/yr). This implies that the shortening must be accomodated elsewhere by the deformation of the Maghrebids and/or by rotations of Mediterranean microplates. Also, E–W velocity components analysis supports the idea that E–W extension exists, as already suggested by recent structural and seismotectonic data interpretation. Received: 27 November 2000 / Accepted: 17 September 2001