云顶充满度的特征分析

本文采用GMS－5红外云母，提取了一个描述云顶结构特征的参数一云顶充满度VS。结合地面观测资料，引入了云高参数DTS，得到并分析了参数VS随云高DTS的分布特征，同时还讨论了VS的天气学意义。     

GMS气象卫星在暴雨灾害遥感监测中的应用

利用时空分辨率较高的GMS-5红外、可见光和水汽多通道遥感资料,给出了影响山东省夏季暴雨的卫星遥感图像模型。结合常规气象资料,探索了利用气象卫星遥感资料监测暴雨灾害的方法。     

Application of short-wave infrared spectroscopy to define alteration zones associated with the Elura zinc–lead–silver deposit, NSW, Australia

Short-wave infrared reflectance spectra obtained from a Portable Infrared Mineral Analyser (PIMA) have been used to define alteration zones adjacent to base metal sulfide ore bodies at the Elura Mine, Cobar, Australia. The spectroscopic work identified white mica (sericite), chlorite and carbonates of hydrothermal origin in the alteration zones associated with the ore bodies. Weathering, alteration and ore zones can be discriminated by variations in the intensity and wavelength of relevant absorption features. Hydrothermal alteration is classified into four principal types, namely sericitic, silicic, chloritic and carbonate alteration. The first three types comprise overprinting hydrothermal assemblages of quartz, sericite, chlorite, ankerite, siderite, calcite and sulfides developed in strongly altered metasiltstone and slate of Early Devonian age, adjacent to the zinc–lead–silver mineralisation. An extensive zone of carbonate alteration, manifested as porphyroblasts of siderite in the host metasediments, is recognised beyond the zones of strong alteration. Spectral analysis is consistent with the mineralogical data obtained from XRD and XRF analyses and defines the limits of the alteration zones to distances of about 80 m around the ore bodies. The study demonstrates the potential for spectral analysis to assist with drill hole logging and the identification of alteration zones as part of mineral exploration and development programs.     

利用水汽图象分析中尺度云团

利用ＮＯＡＡ卫星提供的水汽图（６．７μｍ），配合ＧＭＳ云图、多普勒雷达照片，分析了中尺度暴雨云团发生的位置、演变及其结构，最后给出了有关方法的预报框图。     

南极中山站以南地区冰面高程信息的提取

在实地高程控制点与热红外影像上同名像点的辐射亮度值间建立函数关系，从Ｌａｎｄｓａｔ４ＴＭ６影像上提取出中山站附近冰面的高程信息，并绘制成冰面地形图。     

有限区域卫星云图资料变分分析的试验研究

资料分析在数值预报中的重要性受到越来越多的关注，星目前常规探测网的时空局限性，利用分辨率较高的非常规资料势在必行。该文利用一个有限区域中尺度模式ＭＭ４，采用变分分析技术对有限区域的常规探空资料和非常规云图资料进行变分分析和数值模拟。     

Measurements of stratospheric chlorine monoxide (ClO) from groudbased FTIR observations

Infrared absorption features due to ClO in the lower stratosphere have been identified from groundbased solar absorption spectra taken from Aberdeen, U.K. (57° N, 2° W) on 20 January 1995. A vertical column abundance of 3.42 (±0.47)×10¹⁵ molec cm^-2 has been derived from 13 independent absorption features in the P and R branches of the (0–1) vibration-rotation band of ³⁵ClO, spanning the spectral region 817–855 cm^-1. The observed absorption features are consistent with very high levels of ClO (approximately 2.6 parts per billion by volume (ppbv)) in the altitude range 16–22 km. A comparison of this profile with a 3D chemical transport model profile indicates the observation was made inside the polar vortex and shows good qualitative agreement but the model underestimates the concentrations of ClO. Simultaneous measurements of other species were made including HCl, HF and ClONO₂. These columns yield a value for HCl+ClONO₂+ClO of 7.02±0.65×10¹⁵ molec cm^-2. This is lower than the total inorganic chlorine (ClO _y ) column of 10.7±1.6×10¹⁵ molec cm^-2 estimated from mean measured (HCl+ClONO₂)/HF ratios together with in-vortex HF measurements. The discrepancy is probably due to significant amounts of the ClO dimer (Cl₂O₂) in the lower part of the stratosphere. The measurements of highly elevated levels of ClO are used to estimate O₃ loss rates at the 400, 475 and 550 K levels making assumptions about the probable distribution of ClO and Cl₂O₂. These are compared with loss rates derived from ozone sonde data.     

偏岭石及煅烧高岭石的红外光谱研究

通过对偏岭石和相应煅烧高岭石的红外光谱测定,发现偏岭石同煅烧高岭石在结构上有很大的差异。在偏岭石中不存在非晶态SiO_2相,其中Si—O_4四面体同Al—O_6八面体是相互聚合的:煅烧高岭石(600～995℃)中则不同,其中Si大部分是以独立的非晶态SiO_2相存在,而同其中的Al_2O_3相分离。偏岭石同煅烧高岭石的关系是:对偏岭石进行一定温度的煅烧,它可以转变成像煅烧高岭石一样的结构状态。     

石膏热学性质的实验研究

用差示扫描１热仪测定石膏（ＣａＳＯ＿４·２Ｈ２Ｏ）的脱水活化能；用红外光谱仪研究掺入微量Ｅｕ￣（３＋），Ｍｎ￣（２＋），Ｐｂ￣（２＋）后，在不同温度煅烧下产物的红外光谱图，并测定其热发光性质；对石膏以及掺杂后的热学性质进行了讨论。     

拜城县黑英山霞石正长岩矿物学特征研究

霞石正长岩是重要的炼铝资源和陶瓷、玻璃原料。文中利用扫描电镜、X衍射、红外线、电子探针等,综合分析方法对黑英山霞石正长岩的矿物学特征作了详细研究。着重描述了岩石的矿物组合、矿物生成及变化特征。对主要矿物进行了化学成分及X衍射分析,测得霞石成分:SiO_243.66％,Al_2O_330.97％,K_2O4.23％,Na_2O18.46％(Na_2O高于其它地区的霞石)。根据霞石单矿物实测成分计算出其晶体化学分子式为:(K_(0.525)Na_(3.528)Ca_(0.012))_(4.065)[Cr_(0.010)Al-(3.559)Mg_(0.009)Fe_(0.054)Mn_(0.012)Ti_(0.008)Si_(4.258)O_(16)];测得霞石的主要X衍射d值为:0.302～0.303,0.386～0.389,0.1388～0.1391(nm)。测得微斜长石的成分:SiO_264.82％,Al_2O_319.68％,K_2O11.77％,Na_2O2.30％,求得其三斜度△=0.83～1.00,属低微斜长石。通过霞石正长岩中钾长石与霞石矿物中对K原子分配值计算和作图,解得矿物生成温度为400～500℃。测得岩石中的钠长石主要为低钠长石,属后期交代矿物。