ER智能材料在结构振动控制中的应用

ＥＲ智能材料是一种可控流体,它能在电场的作用下可从牛顿流体变为剪切屈服应力较高的粘塑性体,且这种转变连续,可逆,迅速,因此,可用它来制作可调阻尼器,实现对工程结构风振和地震反应半主动控制,本文在简要地介绍了ＥＲ智能材料电流变效应的基本原理和影响因素之后,建立了适用于土木工程结构控制用的二种类型的ＥＲ可调阻尼器的工作原理和力学模型,并在介绍了ＥＲ可控阻尼器对工程结构风振和地震反应半主动控制的实施原则     

装有铅橡胶复合阻尼器结构的减震研究

本文在普通铅芯橡胶垫的基础上,提出了一种新型阻尼器－铅橡胶复合阻尼器,并介绍了其构造与工作原理,建立了铅橡胶复合阻尼器结构的分析模型,并对铅橡胶复合阻尼器的减震效果进行了初步分析。结果表明,铅橡胶复合阻尼器具有很好的减震效果具有广阔的应用前景。     

张北6.2级地震序列显著余震现场灰色预测

根据张家口地震台记录的１９９８年张北早期地震序列资料,对其显著余震（系指ＭＬ≥４．０,下同）建立了ＧＭ（１,１）动态灰色预测模型,并进而依此模型对张北震区主震后,短时内连续发生的５次显著余震进行了尝试性现场预测,结果与实事较吻合,表明灰色预测方法对于探讨如何简捷有效地预测地震序列早期强余震问题,可能具有一定的实际意义。     

中国数字地震台网数据管理中心日常工作软件的升级和应用

文中阐述了中国数字地震台网数据管理中心（ＣＤＳＮ ＤＭＣ）日常工作软件的升级和升级后新软件的主要功能,并结合新软件的主要命令及运行实例,对升级后软件的实际应用作了简要叙述。     

灰色系统理论在二连洪浩尔舒特凹陷储层评价中的应用

本文利用测井资料,依据测井地质评价油气储层的分析准则,提出灰色理论精细评价油气储层的处理方法和解释系统。通过二连洪浩尔舒特凹陷储层的精细评价和综合解释,取得了明显的效果。文中介绍了这一分析方法处理过程及实用效果。     

世界各地地洼构造

全文分三部分。第一部分介绍地洼学说及其引伸或分支学派,第二部分概述国内外学者介绍、引用、评述和发展地洼学说的情况,第三部分叙述世界各地地洼构造。     

Numerical simulation of NAPL flow in the subsurface

A three-dimensional, three-phase numerical model is presented for simulating the movement of immiscible fluids, including nonaqueous-phase liquids (NAPLs), through porous media. The model is designed to simulate soil flume experiments and for practical application to a wide variety of contamination scenarios involving light or dense NAPLs in heterogeneous subsurface systems. The model is derived for the three-phase flow of water, NAPL, and air in porous media. The basic governing equations are based upon the mass conservation of the constitutents within the phases. The descretization chosen to transform the governing equations into the approximating equations, although logically regular, is very general. The approximating equations are a set of simultaneous coupled nonlinear equations which are solved by the Newton-Raphson method. The linear system solutions needed for the Newton-Raphson method are obtained using a matrix of preconditioner/accelerator iterative methods. Because of the special way the governing equations are implemented, the model is capable of simulating many of the phenomena considered necessary for the sucessful simulation of field problems including entry pressure phenomena, entrapment, and preferential flow paths. The model is verified by comparing it with several exact analytic test solutions and three soil flume experiments involving the introduction and movement of light nonaqueous-phase liquid (LNAPL) or dense nonaqueous-phase liquid (DNAPL) in heterogeneous sand containing a watertable. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

用好ISO9000标准，确保土工试验质量

强调过程控制是ISO9000族标准的精华。深入领会ISO9000标准,通过转化分配用好ISO9000模式中每个要素的规定,是改进我公司土工试验生产过程管理,提高土工试验质量的保证。     

Gamma-ray bursts from stellar remnants: probing the Universe at high redshift

A gamma-ray burst (GRB) releases an amount of energy similar to that of a supernova explosion, which combined with its rapid variability suggests an origin related to neutron stars or black holes. Since these compact stellar remnants form from the most massive stars not long after their birth, GRBs should trace the star formation rate in the Universe; we show that the GRB flux distribution is consistent with this. Because of the strong evolution of the star formation rate with redshift, it follows that the dimmest known bursts have z  ∼ 6, much above the value usually quoted and beyond the most distant quasars. This explains the absence of bright galaxies in well-studied GRB error boxes. The increased distances imply a peak luminosity of 8.3 × 10⁵¹ erg s⁻¹ and a rate density of 0.025 per million years per galaxy. These values are 20 times higher and 150 times lower, respectively, than are implied by fits with non-evolving GRB rates. This means either that GRBs are caused by a much rarer phenomenon than mergers of binary neutron stars, or that their gamma-ray emission is often invisible to us due to beaming. Precise burst locations from optical transients will discriminate between the various models for GRBs from stellar deaths, because the distance between progenitor birth place and burst varies greatly among them. The dimmest GRBs are then the most distant known objects, and may probe the Universe at an age when the first stars were forming.     

环境污染及保护对策

环境保护中一个非常重要的工作,是广泛深入地开展环境地质工作。在赣南、江西乃至全国,环境地质工作的主要内容是防治水土流失,严禁废渣、废水随意排放,控制人口激增,保护有限耕地;为保护生态平衡,必须加强环境立法与执法,提高环境保护的重要性和必要性的认识,大规模切实地保护耕地,因地制宜植树造林。