钝顶螺旋藻C-藻蓝蛋白和多管藻R-藻红蛋白的分离纯化及摩尔消光系数的测定

１９９３年１１月～１９９４年１月用简单的羟基磷灰石柱层析法从多管藻中分 离纯化了Ｒ－藻红蛋白和从钝顶螺旋藻中纯化了Ｃ－藻蓝蛋白，它们的纯度（指可见 光部分的最大吸收与 ２８０ｎｍ处吸收值之比）可分别达到 ６（Ｒ－藻红蛋白）和 ５． ５（Ｃ－ 藻蓝蛋白）。由于不同藻种的同种藻胆蛋白的摩尔消光系数不同，所以应用凯氏定 氮法并结合可见光的吸收值测定了上述两种藻胆蛋白的摩尔消光系数，钝顶螺旋 藻Ｃ－藻蓝蛋白为１．８５３ × １０６ｍｏｌ－１ｃｍ－１（６２０ｎｍ），多管藻Ｒ－藻红蛋白为１．７９６ × １０６ｍｏｌ－１ｃｍ－１（４９８ｎｍ），为藻胆蛋白的浓度测定提供了方便。     

厦门湾有色溶解有机物的光吸收特性研究

研究了厦门湾九龙江河口区、西海域、同安湾及东侧水道海水中有色溶解有机物(CDOM)的光吸收特性,分析了CDOM的河口行为,并讨论了CDOM光吸收特性与其荧光性质之间的关系。结果表明,厦门湾表层海水CDOM光吸收系数a(355)的水平分布表现为河口区最高、东侧水道最低、西海域和同安湾介于两者之间,底层水a(355)的分布与表层基本相似,表明陆源河流输入是厦门湾CDOM的主要来源;a(355)的垂直分布为表层高于底层,主要受水文和生物因素控制。厦门湾表层水CDOM光谱斜率S的平均值介于0.014—0.018nm-1,但河口低盐度区S值较小,反映陆源腐殖质的影响。a(355)在河口混合中呈保守行为,表明CDOM具有良好的保守性质。CDOM的吸收系数a(355)与其荧光强度之间表现为较好的相关关系,指示可以用灵敏度更高的荧光方法来研究CDOM的分布和行为。     

Effects of Irregular Wave Groups on Pile Forces

The wave forces on 1, 2 and 4 vertical circular piles under the action of several wave trains of the same wave parameters, such as Hs,Tp and Mo, but different wave group factor GF are measured in the laboratory. After comparing these forces, it may be concluded that the mean and significant wave forces are almost of no difference for the wave trains with different GF. When GF is larger, the one-tenth of the wave froce extreme is slightly increased and the maximum wave force is much larger than the ones with smaller GF, to which attention must be paid in engineering practice.     

西太平洋暖池区气象学特征分析

本文根据ＴＯＧＡ－ＣＯＡＲＥ强化观测资料及卫星资料分析讨论了西太平洋暖池区１１－２月间海面气象要素的平均特征。分析发现海面气压平均日变化似乎同中纬度区明显不同。文中还分析讨论了在西太暖池区西风爆发、赤道浅涡、信风逆温及ＩＴＣＥ和南太平洋辐合带ＳＰＣＺ的变化特征。     

胶州湾泛亚码头疏浚方案优选及悬浮物影响预测

采用有限元分步杂交方法,在已建潮流场的基础上,建立了胶州湾疏浚物悬浮泥沙的二维输运-扩散模型,并应用于胶州湾前湾港区泛亚码头工程疏浚区的疏浚物输运扩散的数值模拟预测。根据预测结果分析了泛亚码头疏浚区施工期间悬浮泥沙对附近海域水环境和生态环境的影响,并对不同的疏浚方案进行了优选。     

煤炭资源勘查误差理论研究

对煤炭资源勘查资源量与客观物质量之间差值的误差理论探讨,提出误差由真值误差、系统误差和离差3个基本部分组成,其中真值误差是不可消除的观测误差、系统误差是控制网度所决定的准确度标准、而离差是由地质构造及矿床形态的多解性产生的资源量波动。在此基础上,构筑了一个关于误差的数学模型,最后应用误差理论对现行勘查工作中常见的错误进行分析,并就如何避免错误及减少误差提出了见解。     

潜水蒸发系数综合分析

利用河北省冉庄水资源实验站、安徽省五道沟水文水资源实验站、山西省太谷均衡实验站实测的潜水蒸发资料,对潜水蒸发及潜水蒸发系数的变化规律进行了综合分析。提出了不同岩性、不同潜水埋深在有无作物生长条件下的潜水蒸发系数。为华北地区水资源平衡计算潜水蒸发系数的选定提供了参考数据。     

大民屯凹陷烃源岩有机质丰度的恢复

烃源岩有机质丰度的恢复具有重要的现实和理论意义。笔者在对比多种方法的基础上,对大民屯凹陷的烃源岩的有机质丰度进行了恢复。     

In situ estimation of the effective chemical diffusion coefficient of a rock matrix in a fractured aquifer

An in situ method of estimating the effective diffusion coefficient for a chemical constituent that diffuses into the primary porosity of a rock is developed by abruptly changing the concentration of the dissolved constituent in a borehole in contact with the rock matrix and monitoring the time-varying concentration. The experiment was conducted in a borehole completed in mudstone on the campus of the University of the Free State in Bloemfontein, South Africa. Numerous tracer tests were conducted at this site, which left a residual concentration of sodium chloride in boreholes that diffused into the rock matrix over a period of years. Fresh water was introduced into a borehole in contact with the mudstone, and the time-varying increase of chloride was observed by monitoring the electrical conductivity (EC) at various depths in the borehole. Estimates of the effective diffusion coefficient were obtained by interpreting measurements of EC over 34 d. The effective diffusion coefficient at a depth of 36 m was approximately 7.8×10^?6 m²/d, but was sensitive to the assumed matrix porosity. The formation factor and mass flux for the mudstone were also estimated from the experiment.     

Changes in hydrogeological properties of the River Choushui alluvial fan aquifer due to the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake, Taiwan

Changes in hydrogeological properties of the River Choushui alluvial fan aquifer before and after the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake, Taiwan, have been identified using pumping tests. Three wells, SH2, YL2 and SC2, located in a compressional zone with high coseismic groundwater levels, were tested. The threshold of the aquifer deformation with respect to transmissivity (T) is greater than that with respect to storage coefficient (S). Decreases in the post-earthquake S are approximately 60% at SH2 and SC2, indicating aquifer compression after the Chi-Chi earthquake. Changes in the post-earthquake T range from 61% increase to 0.8% decrease. Moreover, results from anisotropy analysis of T at SC2 further illustrate that normal stresses induced by the Chi-Chi earthquake have consolidated soil particles. Soil particles dilated laterally after the earthquake, resulting in an increase of the equivalent T. The changes in hydrogeological properties have a considerable influence on spatiotemporal fluid pressure and horizontal groundwater movement, resulting in different amounts of drawdown during post-earthquake pumping.